scholarly journals Efek F100 dan formula tepung tempe terhadap kadar serum Fe dan hemoglobin pada anak gizi kurang

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsalissavrina Iva ◽  
Endy Paryanto Prawirohartono ◽  
Lily Arsanti Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Clinical Trial Design ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Energy Deficiency ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Protein energy deficiency is a major public health problem in Indonesia. WHO has recommended F100 made from skim milk for undernourished patient. Alternative formulas have been developed using other nutritious foods that are cheaper, easily accessible and can be used for children with lactose intolerance such as tempe flour.Objective: To investigate the effect of F100 and tempe flour formula supplementation on serum Fe and hemoglobin (Hb) levels of undernourished child.Method: This was an experimental study with randomized controlled clinical trial design and purposive sampling method. Subjects of the study were undernourished patients aged 1-10 years hospitalized at Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang. Sample consisted of 30 patients divided into 2 groups; group 1 supplemented with F100 and group 2 with tempe flour formula. Hb level was assessed by cyanmethemoglobin and serum Fe level by colorimetric method. Dietary intake data was collected by visual comstock and food recall. Data were analyzed by chi square, unpaired t-test and double linear regression.Results: Statistical analysis showed that there were no significant differences in Hb (p=0.139) and serum Fe levels (p=0.313) between both groups after treatment. Intake data indicated that there was a significant disparity in protein (p=0.019) and Fe intake (p=0.006) between the two groups, whereas energy, fat and carbohydrate intake showed no significant differences. Lastly, the association between energy and nutrient intake with serum Fe and Hb levels was not significant and the correlation was weak (r<1).Conclusion: There were no significant differences in hemoglobin and serum Fe levels between F100 group and tempe flour formula group, but there was a significant difference in protein and Fe intake.

Some hemostatic parameters of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis infection attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
H. Saidu ◽  
A. H. Muhammad ◽  
N. Garba ◽  
S. B. Danladi ◽  
I. A. Aliyu
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Plastic Tube ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in Nigeria. This study was aimed at providing information on pattern of some hemostatic parameters of pulmonary TB (PTB)-infected patients. Materials and Methods: This is a comparative cross-sectional study of 102 participants comprising 51 TB-infected individuals and 51 healthy individuals as control. Five milliliters of blood were drawn from each subject and 3 ml was transferred into 0.3 ml of trisodium citrate (3.8%) anticoagulant plastic tube for the analysis of prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin time using standard techniques while the remaining 2 ml was then transferred into an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid container (of what concentration) for platelet count and morphology. Result: The median interquartile range of the PLC, platelet morphology, prothrombin time (PT), and APPT was determined and comparative analysis using Chi-square was made and found to be statistically significant (P = 0.001, 0.001, and 0.001, respectively). There was no statistically significant association between hemostatic parameters (PT, activated partial thromboplastin time with kaolin [APTTK], and platelet count) and body mass index. A Kruskal–Wallis H test showed that there was a statistically significant difference in PT, APTTK, and platelet count between the different categories of patient’s Mycobacterium tuberculosis load (P < 0.005). Chi- square statistics revealed the association between APTTK and platelet count, with anti-TB drugs regimen to be statistically significant. However, there was no statistically significant association between PT and anti-TB drug regimen. Conclusion: This study revealed that PTB affects hemostasis by prolongation of PT and APTTK, it is also associated with giant platelet formation and intravascular platelet aggregation.

scholarly journals Dynamic Oral Texture Properties of Selected Indigenous Complementary Porridges Used in African Communities

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 221 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Makame ◽  
Tanita Cronje ◽  
Naushad M. Emmambux ◽  
Henriette De Kock
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Texture Properties ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Child malnutrition remains a major public health problem in low-income African communities, caused by factors including the low nutritional value of indigenous/local complementary porridges (CP) fed to infants and young children. Most African children subsist on locally available starchy foods, whose oral texture is not well-characterized in relation to their sensorimotor readiness. The sensory quality of CP affects oral processing (OP) abilities in infants and young children. Unsuitable oral texture limits nutrient intake, leading to protein-energy malnutrition. The perception of the oral texture of selected African CPs (n = 13, Maize, Sorghum, Cassava, Orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP), Cowpea, and Bambara) was investigated by a trained temporal-check-all-that-apply (TCATA) panel (n = 10), alongside selected commercial porridges (n = 19). A simulated OP method (Up-Down mouth movements- munching) and a control method (lateral mouth movements- normal adult-like chewing) were used. TCATA results showed that Maize, Cassava, and Sorghum porridges were initially too thick, sticky, slimy, and pasty, and also at the end not easy to swallow even at low solids content—especially by the Up-Down method. These attributes make CPs difficult to ingest for infants given their limited OP abilities, thus, leading to limited nutrient intake, and this can contribute to malnutrition. Methods to improve the texture properties of indigenous CPs are needed to optimize infant nutrient intake.

scholarly journals Analysis of clinical profile of women presenting with pyrexia in pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1406
Author(s):  
Surabhi Porwal ◽  
Amita Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Abdominal Wall Defects ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Central Nervous System Defects ◽  
High Risk Situation ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Pyrexia in pregnancy is major public health problem in India. Pyrexia in pregnancy is associated with resorption of the embryo, foetal deaths and potentially lethal malformations such as central nervous system defects, abdominal-wall defects, and cardiovascular malformations. This study was carried out to analyse clinical profile of women presenting with pyrexia during pregnancy.Methods: After approval by institutional ethical committee the prospective case control study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, NSCB Medical College, Jabalpur (M.P.) from 1st June 2012 to 31st October 2013. Total 100 antenatal women with pyrexia taken as cases and 50 antenatal women without pyrexia taken as control were included and analyzed in this study. In women fulfilling inclusion criteria detailed history was taken and documented in proforma. Required investigations were sent to the department of pathology and virology laboratory of Indian Council of Medical Research, Jabalpur. Results were analyzed statistically by using t test and chi square test.Results: On analysis of clinical symptoms pyrexia, cough, malaise, rash, headache, nausea and vomiting, joint pain, anorexia, breathlessness and burning and frequency of micturition were significantly higher in cases as compare to control. Viral pathogens were responsible for most of the cases of pyrexia in pregnancy.Conclusions: Pyrexia in pregnancy is a high-risk situation, early identification and prompt treatment will reduce maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with pyrexia in pregnancy.

Failure of prophylactically administered phenytoin to prevent late posttraumatic seizures

1983 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byron Young ◽  
Robert P. Rapp ◽  
J. A. Norton ◽  
Dennis Haack ◽  
Phillip A. Tibbs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Posttraumatic Epilepsy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Posttraumatic Seizures ◽  
Fine Print

✓ This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study was undertaken in a series of 179 patients to determine whether phenytoin administered soon after head injury lessens the incidence of late posttraumatic epilepsy. When delayed hypersensitivity to phenytoin developed, the patient was switched to phenobarbital. The patients were followed for 18 months to detect the occurrence of seizures and to serially measure plasma phenytoin concentrations. There was no significant difference in the percentage of patients having late seizures in the treated and placebo groups (p = 0.75). The time between injury and seizures did not significantly differ between the two groups. The results provide no support for the continued use of phenytoin in the low therapeutic range for prophylaxis against late posttraumatic seizures. It cannot be concluded that higher phenytoin plasma concentrations and higher compliance rates than obtained in this study would not have significantly decreased the occurrence of late posttraumatic epilepsy. The finding that no patient with a phenytoin plasma concentration of 12 µg/ml or higher had a seizure raises the question of whether phenytoin in blood concentrations in higher therapeutic ranges might lessen the occurrence of posttraumatic epilepsy, and should be studied further. Posttraumatic epilepsy is a major public health problem deserving a large cooperative trial to determine if phenytoin at higher blood levels than obtained in this study, or other currently available or newly developed drugs, can prevent the occurrence of posttraumatic epilepsy.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Hematological Parameters in Partial Exchange and Packed Cell Transfusion in Treatment of Severe Anemia in Pregnancy

Anemia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudha Salhan ◽  
Vrijesh Tripathi ◽  
Rajvir Singh ◽  
Harsha S. Gaikwad
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Outpatient Service ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Packed Cell Transfusion ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objectives. Anemia is a major public health problem throughout the world which assumes prominence in pregnant mothers. Patients with severe anemia continue to present themselves at term or in labor. This study was conducted to compare the improvements in hematological parameters of patients receiving partial exchange blood transfusion and transfusion of packed cells without exchange.Methods. One hundred and twenty-five severely anemic antenatal mothers were admitted from outpatient service. Partial exchange transfusion was given to sixty-six patients while fifty-nine received transfusion of packed cells with frusemide cover.Results. The two groups were comparable in terms of age, height, weight, religion, diet, education, occupation of self and husband, and income. Hemoglobin level in Group 1 was comparatively less than Group 2 at prelevel (5.2±1.5versus6.6±2.3,P=0.001) and postlevel (7.2±1.5versus8.6±1.8,P=0.001), respectively, but there was no significant difference between the two modes of transfusion (2.09±1.6versus2.01±1.5,P=0.78).Conclusion. The study produced an equally significant improvement in hematological parameters in partial exchange and packed cell transfusion. Platelet counts were significantly less in partial exchange as compared with packed cell transfusion.

Brain serotonin transporter binding in former users of MDMA (‘ecstasy’)

2009 ◽  
Vol 194 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhakar Selvaraj ◽  
Rosa Hoshi ◽  
Zubin Bhagwagar ◽  
Naga Venkatesha Murthy ◽  
Rainer Hinz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Brain Serotonin ◽  
Binding Potential ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Serotonin Neurons

BackgroundAnimal experimental studies have prompted concerns that widespread use of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; ‘ecstasy’) by young people may pose a major public health problem in terms of persistent serotonin neurotoxicity.AimsTo determine the status of brain serotonin neurons in a group of abstinent MDMA users.MethodWe assessed the integrity of brain serotonin neurons by measuring serotonin transporter (SERT) binding using positron emission tomography (PET) and [11C]DASB in 12 former MDMA users, 9 polydrug users who had never taken MDMA and 19 controls who reported no history of illicit drug use.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the binding potential of [11C]DASB between the groups in any of the brain regions examined.ConclusionsTo the extent that [11C]DASB binding provides an index of the integrity of serotonin neurons, our findings suggest that MDMA use may not result in long-term damage to serotonin neurons when used recreationally in humans.

scholarly journals Awareness On Cervical Cancer and Utilization of Pap-Smear (Papanicolaou) Test Among Adult Women-A Hospital Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Smear Test ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Cervical cancer, a major public health problem and stood in the 2nd position among other cancers in women and accounts more than 84% new cases worldwide and more than 85% death from middle and low income countries. It ranks as the 1st most frequent cancer among women of age 15 to 44 years in Nepal. Purpose: To assess the awareness of cervical cancer and screening test and its practice among women in Nepal. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted from June 2017 to August 2017 among 409 women at the Gynecology Out Patient Department (OPD) of Helping Hands Community Hospital, Kathmandu. Prior to data collection, necessary ethical approvals were taken from concern authorities and informed consents were taken from the participants. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire with a face-to-face interview. Data were analyzed and presented in the tabular form with the frequency and percentage. To see the significant differences between variables chi square test was used and p value of <0.05 was set as the level of significance. Knowledge related factors were obtained using a Likert scale. Results: The mean (standard deviation) age of the women was 33.52 (9.98) years. Among total respondents, 32.8% heard about cervical cancer and among them, only 13.4 % of them had knowledge of the causative agent the HPV and about 21.1% of them had an idea about the vaccine. Women who had heard about cervical cancer, only 13% had knowledge on the Pap smear test. Among the women who have heard about cervical cancer, only 23.9% of them had experienced on the Pap smear test. Among the women who had knowledge of cervical cancer (134), only 9.7% (13) of them had heard about the HPV vaccine. This study showed that heard about cervical cancer, knowledge on Pap smear test and knowledge of the HPV vaccine are significant difference with the education level of the respondents (p <0.01). Conclusion: Enrollment of women in academic education and adequate information through different media targeting eligible women is needed to raise awareness to change their behaviors to utilize the screening facility.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN LUARAN BAYI PADA IBU DENGAN RIWAYAT KEKURANGAN ENERGI KRONIS (KEK) DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SADANANYA TAHUN 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Rini Ayu Rismawati ◽  
Widya Maya Ningrum
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Energy Deficiency ◽  
Chronic Energy Deficiency ◽  
Infant Outcome ◽  
History Of ◽  
Not At Risk

Masalah gizi di Indonesia masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang utama Salah satu masalah kekurangan gizi di Indonesia yaitu Kekurangan Energi Kronis (KEK). KEK adalah keadaan seseorang yang menderita kekurangan makanan yang berlangsung menahun (kronis) yang ditandai dengan lingkar lengan atas (LILA) < 23,5 cm sehingga mengakibatkan timbulnya gangguan kesehatan. KEK selama hamil akan menimbulkan masalah, salah satunya dapat mempengaruhi proses pertumbuhan janin yang dapat menimbulkan abortus, bayi lahir mati, kematian neonatal, cacat bawaan, anemia pada bayi, asfiksia intra partum, lahir dengan bayi berat lahir rendah (BBLR). Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Gambaran Luaran Bayi Pada Ibu Dengan Riwayat Kekurangan Energi Kronis (KEK) Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sadananya, Tahun 2020. Menggunakan penelitian deskriptif dengan uji SPSS. Ibu hamil yang mengalami KEK di dapatkan yang mengalami abortus, sebanyak 5 orang (33,3 %), ibu hamil yang mengalami KEK di dapatkan yang mengalami bayi lahir mati tidak ada, ibu hamil yang mengalami KEK di dapatkan bayi yang mengalami kematian neonatal tidak ada, ibu hamil yang mengalami KEK di dapatkan bayi yang mengalami asfiksia, sebanyak 1 orang (6,7 %), ibu hamil yang mengalami KEK di dapatkan bayi yang mengalami BBLR, sebanyak 9 orang (60,0 %), ibu hamil yang mengalami KEK di dapatkan bayi yang mengalami kelainan kongenital, sebanyak 1 orang (6,7 %) Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa luaran bayi pada ibu hamil yang mengalami KEK sebagian besar tidak beresiko hanya beberapa kejadian saja yang memang terdapat resiko yaitu abortus dan BBLR.Dengan adanya penelitian ini diharapkan kejadian KEK terhadap ibu hamil bisa teratasi dengan baik dan tidak lagi menimbulkan berbagai macam masalah bagi bayi.Nutrition problems in Indonesia are still a major public health problem. One of the problems of malnutrition in Indonesia is Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED). CED is a condition of a person who suffers from a chronic (chronic) shortage of food characterized by a circumference of the upper arm (CUA) <23.5 cm, resulting in health problems. CED during pregnancy will cause problems, one of which can affect the process of fetal growth which can cause abortion, stillbirth, neonatal death, congenital defects, anemia in infants, intra-partum asphyxia, birth with low birth weight babie (LBW). This study was to find out the description of infant outcome in mothers with a history of chronic energy deficiency (CED) in Sadananya Community Health Center working area, 2020. Using descriptive research with SPSS test It is found that there are 5 Pregnant women (33.3%) having CED had abortion. 70 (100%) babies were born alive to mothers who have CED. There are 70 (100%) babies were born alive from mothers who have CED. There is one mother with CED gets baby with asphyxia (6.7%). There are 9 pregnant women (60.0%) pregnant women with CED gets babies with LBW. There is one pregnant woman with CED (6.7%) had baby with congenital defect. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the infant output in pregnant women who have CED is mostly not at risk. Only a few cases do have a risk, namely abortion and LBW. This research is expected to resolve the case of CED in pregnant women properly and there will be no longer various kinds of problems for babies.

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of Iranian Poly Herbal Formulation (Compound Honey Syrup) in Pediatric Patients with Mild to Moderate Asthma: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-301
Author(s):  
Saeed Sadr ◽  
Shahpar Kaveh ◽  
Rasool Choopani ◽  
Houman Bayat ◽  
Mahmoud Mosaddegh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Pediatric Asthma ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Asthma Control Questionnaire ◽  
Moderate Asthma ◽  
Herbal Formulation ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Asthma is a chronic relapsing airways disease that represents a major public health problem worldwide. With the high incidence of asthma, there has been a surge in the use of complementary therapies, such as compound honey syrup in Traditional Persian Medicine, in the treatment of asthma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Iranian poly herbal formulation (compound honey syrup) in the treatment of mild to moder­ate pediatric asthma. Materials and Methods: The study was a randomized clinical trial that was conducted on 80 patients with mild to moderate asthma assigned to two groups (n=40 for each group) for eight weeks. Control and experimental groups received classical treatment of asthma with fluticasone spray; in case of worsening of symptoms, salbutamol spray was used for short term. The experimental group also received compound honey syrup (the combina­tion of honey and an extract of the following five medicinal plants: ginger, cinnamon, saf­fron, cardamom, and galangal). Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) items and total scores of ACQ were evaluated before and after treatment. Results: To this end, 72 patients complet­ed this study. There was no significant difference between the experimental and the control groups in baseline data such as age, sex, body mass index, ACQ items, and ACQ scores. Total scores and all items of ACQ, with the exception of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%), were significant between groups (P<0.05). No serious adverse effects were ob­served in the two groups. Conclusions: The results of this study reveal that compound honey syrup can be a safe and effective complementary drug for the treatment of pediatric asthma [GMJ.2017;6(4):291-301] DOI: 10.22086/gmj.v6i3.884

scholarly journals STUDI KOMPARASI: EFEKTIFITAS PSIKOEDUKASI TERHADAP ADAPTASI PASIEN FRAKTUR DI RSUD JOMBANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Zuhrotul Umaroh ◽  
Elsye Maria Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Group ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Background: The injury is still a major public health problem throughout the country, where two-thirds occur in developing countries, including Indonesia. In Indonesia, recorded injury cases in 2013 reached 84,277 people (8.2%). The negative impacts caused by the fracture appears, which includes; psychological, social, and spiritual. The Department of Health reported that 15% of patients experiencing psychological stress fractures to depression. Psychoeducation efficient in the treatment process and decrease the symptoms of depression that is a component in the psychological response on the existence of a disability condition. Aim: the research aimed todetermine the effectiveness of psychoeducation to the physical adaptation among fracture patients in public hospital of Jombang Method: this is a quasi-experiment research with pre-test and post-test control group design. There were 16 respondents in control group and another 16 respondents for intervention group which was gathered with consecutive sampling. The data were analyzed with parametric analysis using paired sample t-test dan independent t-test. For testing the data normality distribution, Shapiro-wilk analysis was operated. Result: Paired t test sample stated that there was significant difference in the physical adaptation among fracture patients before and after the intervention of psychoeducation (p value = 0,000 ; CI 95% <alpha = 0,05). In the unpaired t test was obtained p value = 0.000; CI 95% <alpha = 0.05, which indicates a significant difference of fracture patients’ adaptation who has given psychoeducation intervention and who has not. Conclusion: the psychoeducation intervention  increasedphysical adaptation among fracture patients. Nurses must continue to develop and apply the procedures for implementing psychoeducation fractures primarily in patients with the aim to improve the adaptability of fracture patients.

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