Application of FTIR Spectroscopy and Chemometrics for the Prediction of Radical Scavenging Activities of Fish oils

Patin fish (Pangasius micronemus), Gabus fish (Channa striata) and Bandeng fish (Chanos chanos) are the freshwater fish that are widely cultivated in Indonesia, fish oils extracted are believed has antioxidant activity. The goals of this study was (1) determining antioxidant activities using radical scavenging activity (RSA) 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), (2) classifying of fish oil from different species and extraction method using principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) and predicting antioxidant activities of fish oil from different species and extraction method using FTIR spectroscopy combined principal component regression (PCR) and partial least square regression (PLS). The results exhibit radical scavenging activity (RSA) of patin fish flesh oil (maceration dried samples using chloroform) giving highest RSA (23.57 ± 0.14). PCA and CA succesfully classify of fish oil from different species and extraction based on PC1 - PC2 score plots and grouping into 4 groups based on dendogram. Optimal PCR method were obtained from second derivative spectra at wavenumbers region 1440 – 1741 cm-1 with highest R2 (0,9794), lowest RMSEC (0,737), and lowest RMSEP (0,927) in calibration and validation models. From this study we can concluded FTIR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics can be classifying and predicting antioxidant activity of fish oil from different species and extraction method successfully.

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Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Wampee (Clausena lansium(Lour.) Skeels) Peel

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology ◽

10.1155/2009/612805 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

K. Nagendra Prasad ◽

Jing Hao ◽

Chun Yi ◽

Dandan Zhang ◽

Shengxiang Qiu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Liver Carcinoma ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Anticancer Activities

Antioxidant activities of wampee peel extracts using five different solvents (ethanol, hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water) were determined by using in-vitro antioxidant models including total antioxidant capability, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and superoxide scavenging activity. Ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity compared to other fractions, even higher than synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT). In addition, the EAF exhibited strong anticancer activities against human gastric carcinoma (SGC-7901), human hepatocellular liver carcinoma (HepG-2) and human lung adenocarcinoma (A-549) cancer cell lines, higher than cisplatin, a conventional anticancer drug. The total phenolic content of wampee fraction was positively correlated with the antioxidant activity. This is the first report on the antioxidant and anticancer activities of the wampee peel extract. Thus, wampee peel can be used potentially as a readily accessible source of natural antioxidants and a possible pharmaceutical supplement.

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HPLC Evaluation of Phenolic Profile, Nutritive Content, and Antioxidant Capacity of Extracts Obtained fromPunica granatumFruit Peel

Advances in Pharmacological Sciences ◽

10.1155/2013/296236 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Sushil Kumar Middha ◽

Talambedu Usha ◽

Veena Pande

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Gallic Acid ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Water Extract ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Fruit Peel ◽

Phenolic Profile ◽

Antioxidant Power

This study revealed polyphenolic content, nutritive content, antioxidant activity, and phenolic profile of methanol and aqueous extracts ofPunica granatumpeel extract. For this, extracts were screened for possible antioxidant activities by free radical scavenging activity (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The total phenolics and flavonoid recovered by methanolic (MPE) and the water extract (AQPE) were ranged from 185 ± 12.45 to 298.00 ± 24.86 mg GAE (gallic acid equivalents)/gm and 23.05 ± 1.54 to 49.8 ± 2.14 quercetin (QE) mg/g, respectively. The EC50of herbal extracts ranged from 100 µg/ml (0.38 quercetin equivalents), for AQPE, 168 µg/ml (0.80 quercetin equivalents), for MPE. The phenolic profile in the methanolic extracts was investigated by chromatographic (HPLC) method. About 5 different flavonoids, phenolic acids, and their derivatives including quercetin (1), rutin (2), gallic acid (3), ellagic acid (4), and punicalagin as a major ellagitannin (5) have been identified. Among both extracts, methanolic extract was the most effective. This report may be the first to show nutritive content and correlation analysis to suggest that phenols and flavonoids might contribute the high antioxidant activity of this fruit peel and establish it as a valuable natural antioxidant source applicable in the health food industry.

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Antioxidant Activities of Yinchenhao (Artemisiae Capillaris) Leaves

Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research ◽

10.37290/ctnr2641-452x.18:386-391 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 386-391

Author(s):

Yonghun Kim ◽

Ang Li ◽

Junyu Wang ◽

Wancong Yu ◽

Fang Wan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Free Radical ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Free Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Scavenging Activity

Yinchenhao (Artemisia capillaris Thunb.) is a pharmaceutical agent that not only shows therapeutic effects against hepatobiliary diseases but also offers various physiological benefits. This study examined the extraction rates of antioxidant extracts from Yinchenhao leaves using different solvents. The extraction rates using different solvents were as follows: ethanol (12.1 ± 0.87%) > water (7.7 ± 0.45%) > n-butanol (1.3 ± 0.16%) ethyl acetate > (1.3 ± 0.14%) > n-hexane (1.1 ± 0.15%). The n-butanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed higher 1,1-Diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl radical free radical scavenging activity, 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate) free radical scavenging activity and ferric ion reducing antioxidant activity, while n-hexane extracts showed weak antioxidant activity. In conclusion, Yinchenhao leaf has potential as a natural antioxidant, and n-butanol and ethyl acetate may be effective extraction solvents for studying its antioxidant activities.

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Bagged Aronia Melanocarpa Tea: Phenolic Profileand Antioxidant Activity / Aronia Melanocarpa Filter Čaj: Fenolni Profil I Antioksidativna Aktivnost

Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis ◽

10.2478/afmnai-2014-0030 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 245-252 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jovana Veljković ◽

Jelena Brcanović ◽

Aleksandra Pavlović ◽

Snežana Mitić ◽

Biljana Kaličanin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Caffeic Acid ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Aronia Melanocarpa ◽

Tea Infusions

Summary While there is a large number of scientific papers reporting chemical composition and biological activities of Aronia melanocarpa, there is a lack information regarding the commercially available bagged tea. In order to supply new information on the antioxidant activity of the Aronia melanocarpa tea infusions, the aim of this study was to evaluate individual phenolic compounds which could be responsible for antioxidant activities of these beverages. Selected anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-O-galactoside, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin- 3-O-arabinoside, and cyanidin-3-O-xyloside), gallic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, morin, and protocatechuic acid were simultaneously detected from commercially available tea infusions using a High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC) method. The antioxidant activity was measured using five in vitro spectrophotometric methods: 1,1-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline- 6-sulphonic acid) radical cation scavenging activity (ABTS), ferric reducing-antioxidant power (FRAP) and reduction power (RP)Fe(III) to Fe(II). Obtained results showed that anthocyanins, predominantly of cyanidin-3-O-galactoside, are the major class of polyphenolic compounds in tea infusions. Among phenolic acids the most abundant is caffeic acid. A significant correlation between DPPH and ABTS and FRAP and RP suggested that antioxidant components in these beverages were capable scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidants. Generally, these beverages had relatively high antioxidant capacities and could be important dietary sources of antioxidant phenolics for the prevention of diseases caused by oxidative stress.

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Evaluation of Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Properties ofBrucea javanicaSeed

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/786130 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Abdulwali Ablat ◽

Jamaludin Mohamad ◽

Khalijah Awang ◽

Jamil A. Shilpi ◽

Aditya Arya

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Nitric Oxide Radical

The ethanol extract ofB. javanicaseed was fractionated with solvents of different polarities and tested for antioxidant activities by several assays including DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), ferrous ion chelating activity (FCA), and nitric oxide radical scavenging activity (NORSA) along with their polyphenolic contents. Antidiabetic activity was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo using a glycogen phosphorylaseα(GPα) inhibition assay and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in nondiabetic rats. The ethyl acetate fraction (EAF), rich in tannin, exhibited the strongest antioxidant activities to DPPH, FRAP, and NORSA, except for FCA. The EAF also exerted a dose-depended inhibition of GPα(IC50= 0.75 mg/ml). Further evaluation of hypoglycemic effect on OGGT indicated that rats treated with EAF (125 mg/kg bw) showed a 39.91% decrease (P < 0.05) in blood glucose levels at 30 min, and continuous fall (P < 0.05) of 28.89% and 20.29% was observed in the following hours (60 and 90 min) compared to the normal control during OGTT. The EAF was applied to polyamide column chromatography, and the resulting tannin-free fraction was tested for both GPαinhibition and antioxidant (DPPH only) activity. The GPαinhibitory activity was retained, while antioxidant activity was lost (4.6-fold) after tannin removal. These results concluded that the GPαinhibitory activity initially detected was primarily due to the compounds other than tannins, whereas antioxidant activity was mainly due to the tannins.

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Investigation of Active Components and Antioxidant Activities in Peel and Pulp Extracts of Citrus Reticulata Blanco cv. Suavissima Fruit

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.343-344.1098 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 343-344 ◽

pp. 1098-1102 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiang Tao Chen ◽

Dong Qing Jiang ◽

Fang Fang Chen ◽

Ke Yuan

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Citrus Reticulata ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Frap Assay ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Citrus Reticulata Blanco

Citrus. reticulata Blanco cv. Suavissima friut has long been regarded as a food and medicinal plant. We investigated the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of peel and pulp part of fruit growned in Zhejiang Province, PR. China by several in-vitro systems of assay, namely DPPH radical-scavenging activity, ABTS.+ radical-scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Total phenolic content was measured by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The total flavonoids contents were measured using a modified colorimetric method.The extracts of different samples were found to have different levels of antioxidant activity in the systems tested. Ethanol extracts of the fruit showed stronger antioxidant activities compared with those of the commercial compound (Trolox). The results suggest that Citrus. reticulata Blanco cv. Suavissima friut can be a good source of natural antioxidant.

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Metabolomic Profiling of Antioxidant Compounds in Five Vachellia Species

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26206214 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (20) ◽

pp. 6214

Author(s):

Garland Kgosi More ◽

Stephen Meddows-Taylor ◽

Gerhard Prinsloo

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Frap Assay ◽

Modeling Tools ◽

Antioxidant Power

The genus Vachellia, previously known as Acacia, belongs to the family Fabaceae, subfamily Leguminosae, which are flowering plants, commonly known as thorn trees. They are traditionally used medicinally in various countries including South Africa for the treatment of ailments such as fever, sore throat, Tuberculosis, convulsions and as sedatives. The aim of this study was to determine biochemical variations in five Vachellia species and correlate their metabolite profiles to antioxidant activity using a chemometric approach. The antioxidant activity of five Vachellia aqueous-methanolic extracts were analyzed using three methods: 2,2-di-phenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS+) analysis and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay by means of serial dilution and bioautography with the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) method. Amongst the Vachellia extracts tested, V. karroo, V. kosiensis and V. xanthophloea demonstrated the highest DPPH, ABTS+ and FRAP inhibitory activity. The antioxidant activities of DPPH were higher than those obtained by ABTS+, although these values varied among the Vachellia species. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), coupled with multivariate statistical modeling tools such as principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), were performed to profile metabolites responsible for the observed activity. The OPLS-DA categorized the five Vachellia species, separating them into two groups, with V. karroo, V. kosiensis and V. xanthophloea demonstrating significantly higher radical scavenging activity than V. tortilis and V. sieberiana, which clustered together to form another group with lower radical scavenging activity. Annotation of metabolites was carried out using the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-qTOF-MS), and it tentatively identified 23 metabolites of significance, including epigallocatechin (m/z = 305.0659), methyl gallate (m/z = 183.0294) and quercetin (m/z = 301.0358), amongst others. These results elucidated the metabolites that separated the Vachellia species from each other and demonstrated their possible free radical scavenging activities.

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Antioxidant Activities of Phycocyanin: A Bioactive Compound from Spirulina platensis

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2020/v32i230407 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 73-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Gamal A. Gabr ◽

Salwa M. El-Sayed ◽

Mohamed S. Hikal

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Spirulina Platensis ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Blue Green Algae ◽

Wide Range

Background and Objectives: The cyanobacterium Spirulina also called blue green algae is a class of gram negative bacteria which possesses wide range of bioactive colored components as Phycocyanin, carotenoids and chlorophyll. Spirulina is one of the microalgae containing nutrients that have been used as a functional food in addition to therapeutic and pharmaceutical applications. This study aimed to evaluate the biochemical composition of Spirulina platensis biomass and its ethanolic and aqueous extracts, as well as, evaluate the antioxidant activities of the biomass, ethanolic, aqueous and the purified Phycocyanin. Materials and Methods: The chemical compositions of Spirulina platensis were determined, as well as the antioxidant activity of extracts, Phycocyanin, Phycocyanopeptide and Phycocyanobilin using (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity. Results: Results show that biomass has higher total proteins (49.72±0.508%), total carbohydrates (10.3±0.330%), moisture content (7.5±0.685%), lipids (7.2±0.105%) and Minerals (6.9±0.130%). In biomass, the total phenols (51.20±0.25 µg/mL) and flavonoids (97.73±1.858 µg/mL) were high compared to the ethanolic (49.48±0.130 and 69.07±1.814 µg/mL) and aqueous (15.27±0.639 and 4.67±0.611 µg/mL) extracts respectively. In the phenolic compounds, pyrogallol was identified as the major compound in biomass and aqueous extract (63.85 and 12.33%) respectively, E-vanillic acid in ethanolic (18.20 %), whereas, hespirdin (3.517 and1.639%) were major flavonoids found in aqueous and ethanolic extracts respectively. The DPPH scavenging activity was found higher in ethanolic extract compared to aqueous while in bioactive, the order of antioxidant activity was Phycocyanin > Phycocyanobilin > Phycocyanopeptide. Conclusions: The study data regarding to Spirulina nutritional value, makes Spirulina an excellent choice when formulating diets and combating malnutrition. Furthermore, it is a strong antioxidant and could be used as alternative treatments as anticancer, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory agent.

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Antioxidant Activities of Ethanol Extracts from Zanthoxylum avicennae

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.472.801 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 472 ◽

pp. 801-804

Author(s):

Xi Feng Li ◽

Nan Nan Zheng ◽

Lu Tang ◽

Wei Xiao Zhang ◽

You Xu Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Frap Assay ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽

Ethanol Extracts ◽

Dpph Radical Scavenging

The Zanthoxylum avicennae 95% EtoH extracts after concentration were dissolved in H2O and extracted with EtoAc and n-BuOH Successively. The n-BuOH layer was added to Diaion HP-20 macroporous resin column, then the resin was washed by distilled water to get rid of impurity, then washed by 20%, 40% and 60% methanol individually, and obtained M20, M40and M60respectively. And antioxidant activity was assessed using three methods: DPPH radical-scavenging activity, ABTS+radical-scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The results indicate that TEAC value of M40were higher than other part extracted from Zanthoxylum avicennae 95% EtoH extracts during three methods .The results of the experiments also can find M40is the strongest antioxidant activity part in Zanthoxylum avicennae 95% EtoH extracts and provide reference for further isolating the part M40.

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Variation in Antioxidant Activity of Extracts of Acacia confusa of Different Ages

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1000500118 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1934578X1000500

Author(s):

Yu-Tang Tung ◽

Shang-Tzen Chang

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Acacia Confusa ◽

Ethanolic Extracts ◽

Different Ages ◽

Branch Wood

The antioxidant activity of extracts of Acacia confusa of different ages has been evaluated. Ethanolic extracts of bark, twigs, branches (2- and 5 cm-diameter branch-bark, 2- and 5 cm-diameter branch-wood), and leaves of 15-, 25-, and 35-year-old A. confusa were examined. Results indicate that the ethanolic extracts of 5 cm-diameter branch-bark and bark of A. confusa exhibited stronger antioxidant activities, and higher phenolic and proanthocyanidin contents than the other plant parts. Furthermore, twig, 2 cm-diameter branch-wood, 2 cm-diameter branch-bark, and 5 cm-diameter branch-wood extracts of 35-year-old specimens showed better antioxidant activities and higher phenolic contents, followed by the 25- and 15-year-old specimens tested. This reveals that the composition of extracts and their differential antioxidant activities are dependent on the age of A. confusa. In addition, the total phenolic content of A. confusa ethanolic extracts has a high positive correlation with the DPPH free-radical scavenging activity (R2 = 0.83), superoxide radical-scavenging activity (R2 = 0.66), ferrous ion-chelating effect (R2 = 0.67), and reducing power (R2 = 0.92).

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