scholarly journals Variasi Cendana (Santalum album Linn.) Berdasarkan Morfologi Daun dan Bunga di Desa Petir, Rongkop, Gunungkidul

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Ridla Arifriana ◽  
Sapto Indrioko ◽  
Atus Syahbudin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Parsimony Method ◽  
Maximum Parsimony Method ◽  
Small Leaf ◽  
Ximenia Americana ◽  
Materials Used

Cendana (Santalum album Linn.) merupakan salah satu spesies yang digunakan sebagai tanaman rehabilitasi, dikenal mampu tumbuh di lahan dengan keterbatasan hara, dan memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi dari kandungan minyak santalol yang wangi. Cendana merupakan spesies asli di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) namun dijumpai permudaan alami di beberapa kawasan Kabupaten Gunungkidul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY), salah satunya di Desa Petir, Kecamatan Rongkop, Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Permudaan alami tersebut memiliki variasi morfologi yang relatif besar pada populasinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan variasi cendana dan mengklasifikasikan cendana yang ditemui di lokasi penelitian berdasarkan karakter morfologi. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa (1) cendana (meliputi organ generatif dan vegetatif) yang diambil secara sengaja (purposive) dan (2) Ximenia americana sebagai spesies pembanding. Data dideskripsi secara morfologi dan dilakukan analisis filogeni menggunakan metode maksimum parsimoni dengan penanda morfologi. Karakter morfologi cendana bervariasi pada ukuran dan bentuk daun, warna tenda bunga (perigonium), bunga, bentuk cuping, bentuk appendiks, warna batang, bentuk dan ukuran buah. Ditemui dua karakter cendana yang belum dijelaskan pada sumber sebelumnya di Indonesia yaitu bentuk daun lanset dan bulat telur serta karakter warna tenda bunga (perigonium), bunga oranye. Hasil analisis filogeni menunjukkan karakter daun kecil cendana lebih dekat dengan yang dimiliki oleh spesies pembanding. Karakter diagnostik secara tegas mengelompokan ukuran daun kecil dan ukuran daun besar. Ukuran daun kecil pada kisaran 2,8-7,7 cm sampai dengan 1,1-2,2 cm dan 7,9-10 cm sampai dengan 3,1-4 cm untuk cendana berdaun besar. Variasi bentuk daun serta warna bunga ditemukan pada masing-masing kelompok ukuran daun.Variation of Sandalwood (Santalum album Linn.) Based on Morphology of Leaves and Flowers at Petir Village, Rongkop, GunungkidulAbstractSandalwood (Santalum album Linn.) is one of the flora that are commonly used as rehabilitation species, known as a plant that can grow in a lack of nutrient soil, and has a high economic value of santalol oil. This plant is indigenous in East Nusa Tenggara but it has a natural regenaration in some areas of Gunungkidul Yogyakarta, including in Petir Village, Rongkop, Gunungkidul. Morphological variation of Sandalwood in this area was relatively high. This research aimed to describe and classify sandalwood variations that exist in the research site based on the morphological characters. The materials used in this study were (1) sandalwood as the target species (including generative and vegetative organs) with purposive sampling and (2) Ximenia americana as the outgroup species. Data were analyzed using description and phylogeny analysis using maximum parsimony method with morphological markers. Morphological characters of Sandalwoods were varied in size and leave shapes, flowers perigonium, lobes shapes, appendices shapes, stem color, shapes and fruit size. There were two characters that have not been described in the previous sources in Indonesia, form of leaves (oblong and oval) and orange color of perigonium. Phylogeny results showed that a small leaf sandalwood character was closer to the outgroup character. Diagnostic characters explicitly classified small leaf size and leaf size large. Size of small leaf was from 2.8 -7.7 cm to 1.1-2.2 cm and from 7.9-10 cm to 3.1-4 cm for large leaf. Leaf form and colour of flower variation was found in each group of leaf size.

scholarly journals Karakterisasi dan Evaluasi Aksesi Pepaya Introduksi

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
NFN Sudjijo
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Flesh Colour ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Further Development ◽  
New Cultivars

<p>New varieties of papaya can be obtained from the exploration of germplasms, conventional breeding, genetic engineering and the introduction of new cultivars from overseas. This study was conducted at Sumani Experimental Field of the Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute from April 2006 to March 2007. This study aimed at characterizing papaya accessions based on their morphological characters listed as descriptor published by IBPGR (1988). The plant materials used were 3 accessions, of papaya introduced from India, namely SR-01, SR-02, SR-03, and 1 local variety. From three papaya accessions observed, SR-03 produced ideal fruit size (840 g), sweet (13.21o Brix of total soluble solid), firm flesh texture, 25.20 mm of pulp thickness, orange to red flesh colour. This accession was promising for further development.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Plasma nutfah merupakan salah satu subtansi sumber daya genetik yang dapat dimuliakan untuk merakit varietas baru. Sumber plasma nutfah dapat diperoleh melalui rekayasa genetika, eksplorasi maupun introduksi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Sumani, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika, menggunakan material benih tiga aksesi pepaya introduksi dari India, terdiri dari (SR-01, SR-02, SR-03) dan 1 varietas lokal, dimulai dari bulan April 2006-Maret 2007. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memperoleh data base karakter dari aksesi pepaya tersebut. Metode penelitian menggunakan Descriptor List for Papaya. Dari hasil pengamatan diperoleh data bahwa nomor aksesi SR-03 memiliki ukuran buah ideal, rasa manis, kenyal, dan berproduksi sepanjang tahun, bobot buah 840 g, tebal daging 25,2 mm, padatan total terlarut (PTT) 13,21o Brix, warna jingga.</p>

Taxonomic revision and morphological cladistics analysis of the diatom genus Anorthoneis (Cocconeidaceae), with description of Anorthoneis arthus-bertrandii sp. nov.

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 336 (3) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara PENNESI ◽  
ROKSANA MAJEWSKA ◽  
FRITHJOF A.S. STERRENBURG ◽  
CECILIA TOTTI ◽  
MARIO DE STEFANO
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Parsimony Method ◽  
Maximum Parsimony Method ◽  
Valve Margin ◽  
Diatom Genus ◽  
A New Species

We present here an ultrastructure-based revision of the diatom genus Anorthoneis using both light (LM) and electron microscopy (SEM). The original slides and type material of all known Anorthoneis species were analysed and new, previously unseen, morphological features of the frustules, such as rota-like vela and ligulate structures around the valve margin, were revealed. The phylogenetic relationships among Anorthoneis taxa were investigated based on morphological characters using a maximum parsimony method. This analysis indicated a large, well-supported clade that included taxa that exhibited similarities in external and internal details of the central areas in both raphe-sternum and sternum valves. Revealed synapomorphies within the genus include externally and internally transversely dilated central area on both sides of the raphe-sternum valve, externally transversely dilated central area on both sides of the sternum valve, sternum valve striae parallel at the center and radiate at the apices, and areolae with hymenes in both valves. During a survey a new species Anorthoneis arthus-bertrandii sp. nov., was found on seagrass leaves collected from Siladen Island (Indonesia). This taxon is sister to A. hyalina, but can be easily differentiated from the latter by smaller valve dimensions, central area size and shape, and rota-like vela occluding sternum valve areolae - a feature that has never been observed in other Anorthoneis taxa. 

Gardenia reflexisepala (Rubiaceae), A New Species from Hainan Province, China with Typification of G. angkorensis and G. cambodiana

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 257 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Xing-Er Ye ◽  
Nian-He Xia
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Hainan Province ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Fruit Size And Shape ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Branching Architecture

Gardenia reflexisepala (Rubiaceae) is described from Hainan Province, China based on distinctive morphological characters of the calyx. This new taxon was previously confused with G. angkorensis, an Indo-Chinese taxon to which it is superficially similar based on leaf size, seed size and shape, fruit size and shape and branching architecture. Gardenia reflexisepala differs from G. angkorensis in having linear and strongly reflexed calyx lobes, glabrous outer surface of the calyx tubes and glabrous petioles. Lectoypification of G. angkorensis and G. cambodiana is also made here.

scholarly journals Molecular record for the first authentication of Isaria cicadae from Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 711-718
Author(s):  
Thuan Duc Lao ◽  
Hanh Van Trinh ◽  
Loi Vuong ◽  
Luyen Tien Vu ◽  
Thuy Ai Huyen Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Parsimony Method ◽  
Maximum Parsimony Method ◽  
Cordyceps Cicadae ◽  
High Bootstrap

Abstract The entomopathogenic fungus T011, parasitizing on nymph of Cicada, collected in the coffee garden in Dak Lak Province, Vietnam, was preliminarily morphologically identified as Isaria cicadae, belonged to order Hypocreales and family Clavicipitaceae. To ensure the authenticity of T011, phylogenetic analysis of the concatenated set of multiple genes including ITS, nrLSU, nrSSU, Rpb1, and Tef1 was applied to support the identification. Genomic DNA was isolated from dried sample T011. The PCR assay sequencing was applied to amplify ITS, nrLSU, nrSSU, Rpb1, and Tef1 gene. For phylogenetic analysis, the concatenated data of both target gens were constructed with MEGAX with a 1,000 replicate bootstrap based on the neighbor-joining, maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony method. As the result, the concatenated data containing 62 sequences belonged to order Hypocreales, families Clavicipitaceae, and 2 outgroup sequences belonged to order Hypocreales, genus Verticillium. The phylogenetic analysis results indicated that T011 was accepted at subclade Cordyceps and significantly formed the monophyletic group with referent Cordyceps cicadae (Telemorph of Isaria cicadae) with high bootstrap value. The phylogenetically analyzed result was strongly supported by our morphological analysis described as the Isaria cicadae. In summary, phylogenetic analyses based on the concatenated dataset were successfully applied to strengthen the identification of T011 as Isaria cicadae.

Salacia fugax, an elusive new South American Salacioideae (Celastraceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 317 (4) ◽  
pp. 292 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIO ANTONIO LOMBARDI ◽  
MARCELA SERNA GONZÁLEZ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New South ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Fruit Size And Shape

A new South American species of Salacia (Celastraceae, Salacioideae) found in Colombia and Venezuela, Salacia fugax Lombardi & M.Serna is described here. It is characterized by its indument, small long acuminate leaves with short petioles, branched inflorescences, flowers with an annular-pulvinate disk, and small pyriform fruits. This new species resembles S. mennegana J.Hedin ex Lombardi and S. opacifolia (J.F.Macbr.) A.C.Sm. by its short petioles, leaf shape, slender branched inflorescence, perianth form, and similar disc, but S. fugax differs by its hairs, leaf size and apex, calyx, and fruit size and shape.

New circumscription of Cryptanthus and new Cryptanthoid genera and subgenera  (Bromeliaceae: Bromelioideae) based on neglected morphological traits and molecular phylogeny

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 318 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELTON M. C. LEME ◽  
SASCHA HELLER ◽  
GEORG ZIZKA ◽  
HEIDEMARIE HALBRITTER
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Sex Distribution ◽  
Stigma Morphology ◽  
Leaf Succulence ◽  
Petal Size

The authors provide a new circumscription for genera of the “Cryptanthoid complex” of Bromeliaceae subfam. Bromelioideae, originally composed of Cryptanthus, Lapanthus, Orthophytum, and Sincoraea, on the basis of new or re-evaluated ecological, geographical and morphological evidence, as well as molecular phylogenies. A new generic status is proposed for Cryptanthus subg. Hoplocryptanthus and two new genera, Forzzaea, and Rokautskyia, as well as four new subgenera in Orthophytum (Capixabanthus, Clavanthus, Krenakanthus, and Orthocryptanthus) are described to render taxonomic units monophyletic. The recognized taxa are well circumscribed by the combination of geographical range, ecology and morphological characters (sex distribution, leaf succulence, sepal and petal size and connation, petal appendages, pollen and stigma morphology, fruit size, calyx persistency, seed size and number per fruit). Field collected living specimens of 78 of the 81 species of Cryptanthus s.l., all species of Lapanthus, 58 of the 59 species of Orthophytum, and all species of Sincoraea were analysed in habitat and/or in cultivation, allowing the documentation and illustration of new and underutilized characters. The molecular analysis incorporated 91 accessions representing 33 species of Cryptanthus, all species (3) of Lapanthus, 42 species of Orthophytum, and 9 species of Sincoraea, including the type species for the first three genera and four outgroup taxa. The results suggest, that some morphological characters generally considered homoplasious for Bromelioideae, for the “Cryptanthoid complex”, are not homoplasious at least within the obtained, biogeographycally well delimited clades and their taxonomical utility is redeemed.

A Taxonomic Revision of the Woody South African Genus Notobubon (Apiaceae: Apioideae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony R. Magee ◽  
Ben-Erik van Wyk ◽  
Patricia M. Tilney
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Cape Floristic Region ◽  
Evergreen Species ◽  
Inflorescence Structure ◽  
Peduncle Length ◽  
African Genus

A comprehensive taxonomic revision of the genus Notobubon (Apiaceae) is presented. Twelve woody evergreen species are recognised, all (with the exception of N. laevigatum) endemic to the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa. The taxonomy of these prominent, though poorly collected, species has until now been problematic. They are distinguished from one another by their habit (size and branching pattern), the overall shape, size, and colour of the ultimate leaflet segments, the inflorescence structure (peduncle length, number, and length of rays in the primary umbel), the fruit morphology (fruit size, presence or absence of wings), and the fruit anatomy (symmetry of the mericarps, presence or absence of additional rib vittae, size of commissural vittae). Species relationships are assessed in the form of a cladistic analysis of 26 morphological characters, resulting in a well-resolved phylogenetic hypothesis. A comprehensive key to the species, their correct nomenclature, and typification, together with descriptions and known geographical distribution for all the species are presented and illustrated.

scholarly journals Identification of the Pathogen Causing Stem Blight Disease on Chili in Sindangjaya Village, Cipanas, Cianjur, West Java Based on Morphological and Molecular Analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Wartono Wartono
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
West Java ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Blight Disease

<p>Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is a vegetable commodity with high economic value which is widely cultivated by farmers in Indonesia. One of the obstacles faced in chili cultivation is stem rot disease. This study aimed to identify the pathogens that caused stem rot in chili plants obtained from one location in Sindangjaya Village, Cipanas District, Cianjur Regency, West Java Province based on morphological and molecular analyses. Pathogen identification was performed with morphological and molecular approaches. The morphological characters observed included colony shape, sporangium diameter, and mating type. The pathogenicity of the isolates was assayed by inoculating chili stems aged 40 days. Molecular identification was carried out using two pairs of primers for ITS regions and TEF-1 gene. Based on the results of morphological and molecular identification, as well as pathogenicity tests, it was confirmed that Phytophthora capsici pathogen was the causal agent of stem rot in chili plants collected from Sindangjaya Village. Further study is needed to determine the spread of the disease, damage, and yield loss caused by stem rot disease, as well as how to prevent and control the disease.</p>

scholarly journals Deskripsi dan Preferensi Habitat Udang Air Tawar Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) dari Sungai Maraja, Toli-Toli, Sulawesi Tengah

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aswandi Aswandi ◽  
Annawaty Annawaty
Keyword(s):  
Carapace Length ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Line Drawing ◽  
Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Large Size ◽  
De Man ◽  
Central Sulawesi

Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) is a freshwater prawn species that have a high economic value because of its relatively large size compared to the other freshwater prawn species. Exploration to find this species in the Maraja River, Toli-Toli, Central Sulawesi was carried out in January 2019. Sample collected using tray net. Two male specimens of M. rosenbergii were found in the river, with maximum size of carapace length reaching 45.94 mm. Macrobrachium rosenbergii has been found in habitats with clay substrate and slow flowing current. This record extended the distribution of M. rosenbergii, whose spread in Sulawesi has been known only in the southern part of the island, such as in Makassar, Bone, Pinrang, Wajo and Luwu. In this paper, the morphological characters and line drawing of some character M. rosenbergii from the Maraja River were provided.

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