scholarly journals Au Pair Scheme: Cultural Exchange or a Pathway to Slavery?

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-92
Author(s):  
TIna Davis
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Work ◽  
Cultural Exchange ◽  
Labor Rights ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Work System ◽  
Exchange Program ◽  
The North ◽  
Original Intention ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Host Families

There has been a change in the use of the au pair scheme in the past fifteen years that has created a shift from its original intention as a cultural exchange program. Socio- economic change in societies in the South and East has led to a new wave of female migrants seeking legal work opportunities in European countries, and change in the North has led to an increase in demand for domestic workers. The au pair program has become a means to cover these needs. Yet the use of the au pair institution as a temporary domestic work system creates challenges that not only contradict its intention, but also fail to offer labor rights and protection to the migrant women who enter the program to earn money. This article examines the au pair system in Norway, a country known for social and gender equality and a strongly developed welfare system based on social democratic ideals of solidarity. The article focuses in particular on how the au pair scheme is being misused as a temporary domestic work system by both the host families and the au pairs, and the exploitation and human trafficking cases that have emerged as a consequence in recent years.

N, P and K Fertilizers Alter Plant Growth, Essential Oil Yield and Gender of Sweet Gale (Myrica gale L)

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
X. Chang ◽  
P. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Myrica Gale ◽  
The North ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
N Treatment ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

To investigate whether the fertilizers N, P or K individually affect plant growth, oil content and the gender of sweet gale, two trials, pot and field trials, were carried out at Orkney College UHI in Scotland. A pot trial was established with eight soils which were collected from different sweet gale trial sites in the north of Scotland. Although neither shoot yield nor oil concentration in shoots was affected by soil, there were significant differences in shoot yields as a result of fertilizer treatments (nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) or none (control)). The best yield was obtained from the N treatment which was double to that of the control and P treatments. N, P or K fertilizers did not consistently affect shoot oil concentration in two seasons; however, oil yield was significantly affected, and N treatment produced two-three fold oil yield increases compared with the control or P treatment. In the N treatment, the increase in shoot yield was positively correlated with total nitrogen or nitrate nitrogen in the soil, suggesting the occurrence of a nitrogen priming effect. Data suggested that as shoot yield increased the oil concentration in shoots decreased. Neither soil nor N, P or K fertilizers had a significant effect on oil composition. Amongst fertilizer treatments, P resulted in the largest number of plants changing gender from female to male. A field N trial confirmed that nitrogen significantly enhanced the shoot yield of young plants.

Complex transformation of divorce in Vietnam under the forces of modernization and individualism

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Tran Thi Minh Thi
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Marriage And Family ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
The North ◽  
Complex Transformation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Annual Population ◽  
And Gender

Abstract After more than four decades since its reunification since 1975, Vietnam has achieved remarkable results in social and economic development. With the rapid speed of recent modernization, society has loosened numerous old values related to the family and promoted individual freedoms. Marriage and family affairs, including divorce, have modernized with liberal characteristics. The paper examines the trends of divorce and reasons for divorce using statistical data from the Vietnam People's Supreme Court and from the government's annual population statistics. The analysis compiled and analysed a database of every divorce case at six urban and rural districts in Can Tho province. The analysis highlights changes in the reasons for divorce in the South in comparison with previous divorce studies in the North of Vietnam, discussed in relation to modernization, individualism and gender equality. The analysis is supported by interview data with thirty male and female divorcees.

scholarly journals From Unity to Harmony in Diverse World through Global Service-Learning: A Case Study from Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 01028
Author(s):  
Sookyoung Ryu ◽  
Youngwoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Service Learning ◽  
Global Citizenship ◽  
Cultural Exchange ◽  
Korean Students ◽  
Global Village ◽  
Global Citizens ◽  
Exchange Program ◽  
Global Service Learning ◽  
Diverse World

The purpose of this study is to explore the effect on the development of participant students through Global Service-Learning (GS-L) as global citizens in this diverse world. In multi-cultural and multi-racial contries people has good ways to live in harmony with others different. In Korea, they live in unity with one rational background and with the only one language. The GS-L in Malaysia allowed nine Korean students to have more involved in Malaysian real lives through homestay and cultural exchange program. This cultural exchange program contributed to the better global citizenship education which is considered very important in this global village, adding another exotic nutrient to Korean substantial culture. The experiences in Malaysia enable students to find ways to solve various problems and conflicts with differences as Korea is becoming more and more multi-cultural society.

Troubling the Southern turn in feminisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-393
Author(s):  
Manisha Desai
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Global South ◽  
Gender Justice ◽  
The South ◽  
Mutual Learning ◽  
The North ◽  
Gender Transformation ◽  
Feminist Theories ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender

In this article, I focus on the work of the South Asian Network for Gender Transformation (SANGAT) to show how it goes beyond the current turn to the Global South in much contemporary transnational feminisms. It does so in two ways. One, as evident in the name, it defines a regional imaginary, which is place-based and informed by the long history of interactions in the area beyond the colonial, postcolonial, and recent global forces, as well as in conversation with discourses and practices from the North. Second, its praxis connects activists across borders in a process of mutual learning that acknowledges power inequalities and draws upon local as well as transnational feminist theories and methodologies to enable sustainable collaborations for social and gender justice in the region. Thus, rather than reproducing the North/South binaries with its attendant erasures SANGAT seeks to go beyond them to develop place-based yet connected ‘solidarities of epistemologies’ and praxis.

scholarly journals The Inside-Out Prison Exchange Program: Intersections between Feminism and Communication

Humanities ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Heider
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Gender Studies ◽  
Women's And Gender Studies ◽  
Exchange Program ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Inside Out ◽  
Women’S And Gender Studies ◽  
Pedagogical Principles

This paper explores the intersections between feminism and communication in an Inside-Out Prison Exchange Program course that is cross-listed with Social Justice and Women’s and Gender Studies. The paper focuses on the alignment of the Inside-Out curriculum with feminist pedagogical principles and explores, through the structure and content of the course, the ways in which these feminist principles interconnect with communication concepts.

scholarly journals Transmuting Gender Binaries: The Theoretical Challenge

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surya Monro
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Transgender Studies ◽  
Poststructuralist Theory ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Empirical Material

This paper provides a cross-cultural account of gender diversity which explores the territory that is opened up when sex, gender, and sexual orientation, binaries are disrupted or displaced. Whilst many people who identify as trans or intersex see themselves as male or female, others identify in ways which destabilize sex/gender and sexual orientation binaries. The paper provides a typology of ways in which sex/gender diversity can be conceptualized, and draws out the implications for theorizing gender. It discusses the contributions made by the new wave of authors working in the field of transgender studies; authors who draw on and inform the sociology of sex and gender, feminisms, and poststructuralist theory. It based on empirical material from research carried out in India and the UK.

International Collaborations as Research Infrastructure

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.K. Viswanathan ◽  
R. Parthasarathy ◽  
Madhusudan Bandi
Keyword(s):  
International Collaboration ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Cultural Exchange ◽  
State Universities ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Exchange Program ◽  
Joint Research Project ◽  
International Collaborations ◽  
The University

This chapter examined the availability of the facilities for international collaboration for research, with a focus on two prime organisations, the University Grant Commission (UGC) and the Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR), which are engaged in promoting international collaboration. Beside this data also collected from various central and state universities. The study found that UGC has cultural exchange program with 48 countries, which include joint research project, exchanges of faculty, fellowship such as post-doctoral project-based exchange, and exchange of scholar programmes with several countries.

Hanging and Poisoning Autopsies in Fiji

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 685-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saxby Pridmore ◽  
Anthony Lawler ◽  
David Couper
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Racial Difference ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Unique Data ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Significant Racial Difference

Objective: Fiji is a Pacific nation with roughly equal numbers of indigenous Fijians and Indians. Previous studies, using police and medical records, have suggested significant racial, regional, age and gender differences in suicidal behaviour. The objective of the present study is to use a unique data set (autopsy reports) in the evaluation of earlier reports and to identify groups at greater risk. Method: Hanging and poisoning autopsy reports from two distinct regions were examined. Results: The rate of autopsy (per 100 000 population per year) among Indians (19.5) is significantly greater (p<0.0001) than among Fijians (1.53). In the north, among the Indians, there are more autopsies in females (21.2) than males (16.8), and hanging constitutes 85% of total suicides, while in the Central and Eastern Divisions hanging constitutes only 58% of the total. These are regional influences. Among Fijians, the rates of hanging autopsy are significantly greater (p<0.001) in males (1.98) than females (0.40); however, among Indians there is no significant difference. This is a racial difference. Hanging remains the preferred option for all groups. The mean age at autopsy is 31.7. There is no significant difference between the mean ages of the races, the sexes or the regions. There is no significant difference between the mean age of poisoning (31.5) and hanging (31.8). Conclusion: There is a significant racial difference in rates of suicide but the influences of region, age and method are relatively slight.

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