scholarly journals Quality Oil for Deep Frying in Foods and Changes Acidity on Various Kind of Oils after Frying

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Puminat W. ◽  
Teangpook C.
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Deep Frying ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Fried Oil

<p><em>Human eat a lot of highly acidic and oxidant foods. Acid chemicals and oxidants in food cause harmful to the health. Acid value, free fatty acid and polarities of the fried oil change during cooking for food. Statistical data of fried oils estimate and systematize on three recipes of food (</em><em>Doughstick</em><em>, Fish cake and Fried chicken). Their recipes are on the best of sensory evaluation.</em><em> In each food recipes are selected from market and evaluated by traditional and popular merchant. In the sampling, the experimental model is planned by trial RBCD with factorial 3 × 2 × 3. The use of three type oil, two level temperature and three sampling collector are treated on experiments with three recipes. They showed that palm olien oil can change a higher pH than soybean oil and rice bran oil by a statistically significant difference at 95% confidence level<strong>.</strong> Deep frying by high temperatures and short time have change a quality oil less than low temperatures and long time. Frying in larger quantities and a longer period can change the more acidity and polarities. Quality foods for flavor and healthy oil must no more high and low temperature in cooking.</em></p>

scholarly journals PENGARUH ABU PELEPAH PISANG SEBAGAI KATALISATOR BASA PADAT TERHADAP ANGKA ASAM PRODUK BIODIESEL

Konversi ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Primata Mardina ◽  
Aldipo Prayudi ◽  
Mirza Chumaidi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Solid Base ◽  
Base Catalyst ◽  
Solid Base Catalyst

Penggunaan minyak dedak padi mentah dengan kandungan asam lemak bebas yang tinggi akan menghasilkan biodiesel dengan kandungan impurities yang tinggi jika dibuat dengan reaksi transesterifikasi berkatalisator basa homogen. Untuk meminimalisasi kandungan impurities dalam produk biodiesel, maka digunakan katalisator basa padat yang berasal dari bahan alam yaitu abu pelepah pisang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi abu pelepah pisang sebagai katalisator basa padat terhadap banyaknya kandungan asam lemak bebas sebagai impurities dalam produk biodiesel. Biodiesel dibuat dengan cara mencampurkan minyak dedak padi mentah, metanol dan abu pelepah pisang dalam labu leher tiga yang dilengkapi dengan piringan pemanas, pengaduk magnet dan pendingin balik. Sistem dijaga suhunya pada 60oC dan molar rasio antara metanol dan minyak dedak mentah sebesar 6:1. Proses pembuatan biodiesel ini menggunakan konsentrasi katalisator sebesar 1%, 2% dan 3%w/w minyak dengan pengambilan waktu sampel 30, 60 dan 90 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan konsentrasi abu pelepah pisang menghasilkan kecenderungan yang positif terhadap kandungan asam lemak bebas dalam produk biodiesel, yang dinyatakan dengan semakin menurunnya nilai angka asam. Angka asam terkecil adalah 76,1885 mg KOH/gram sampel terjadi pada konsentrasi katalisator 3%w/w untuk waktu reaksi 90 menit.  Keywords: biodiesel, katalisator basa padat, angka asam The effect of ash from pseudo stem of banana as base solid catalyst on free fatty acid content in biodiesel product from crude rice bran oil was investigated. The base solid-catalyzed transesterification for synthesis of biodiesel from crude rice bran oil was carried out in a laboratory scale reactor. The reaction temperature and stirring speed were maintained constant at 60oC and 400 rpm for 30, 60 and 90 minutes.  Molar ratio of metanol to crude rice bran oil was 6:1 and the concentration of catalyst was 1% , 2% and 3% based weight of oil. The results showed that the addition of concentration of  solid base catalyst brought positive trend on free fatty acid content in biodiesel, which expressed by the declining of the acid value. The smallest acid value was 76.1885 mg KOH/gram at 3% w/w catalyst for 90 minutes of reaction time.Keywords: biodiesel, solid base catalyst, acid value.

scholarly journals Chemical Assessment and Proximate Composition of Shorea macrophylla and Shorea palembanica Seed Oil and Oilseeds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahlinah Abdul Rakman ◽  
Zaini Assim ◽  
Fasihuddin Badruddin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cocoa Butter ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Appreciable Amount ◽  
Comparable Amount ◽  
Significant Difference

Present study evaluated the fatty acid profile and oxidative stability of Shorea macrophylla and Shorea palembanica oils. Analysis on fatty acid profile of S. macrophylla and S. palembanica oils using gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy – attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) found no significant difference among the oils. Stearic, palmitic and oleic acids are the major fatty acids in Shorea oils. The influence of type of extraction, fatty acid profile, and anti-oxidant activity on acid value (AV) and peroxide value (PV) were determined using Pearson correlation coefficient (r) analysis. Highest correlation was found between type of extraction, antioxidant activity (phenolic content), AV and PV, suggesting the type of extraction strongly influenced the phenolic content and oxidative stability. S. macrophylla oil extracted using mechanical expeller (MESM) have the highest quality oil (AV: 3.76 mg NaOH/g; PV: 7.96 meq O2/kg) compared to SESM, MESP and SESP oils. Similarities in fatty acid composition and oxidative stability of Shorea oil and cocoa butter indicates the potential of Shorea oil to be utilised industrially as Cocoa Butter Equivalence (CBE) and vegetable oil. Shorea oilseeds contain an appreciable amount of essential macrominerals and a comparable amount of microminerals to common seeds. The anti-nutritive factor oxalate was found higher (p<0.05) in S. palembanica oilseeds than in S. macrophylla with values of 0.14 and 0.12 g/100 g respectively. The amount of phytate in Shorea seeds is not significantly different at 5% level with a value of 0.29 g/100 g.

scholarly journals Physicochemical, Textural, Thermal Properties of Rice Bran Oil Spread as Alternate Shortening for Bakery Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Yi Eng ◽  
Norazatul Hanim Mohd Rozalli ◽  
Nurul Najihah Ilias
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Bakery Products ◽  
Solvent Fractionation ◽  
Phytosterol Content ◽  
Significant Difference

The rice bran oil (RBO) can form its semisolid spread through solvent fractionation. The rice bran oil spread (RBOS) is proposed to be included in the production of bakery products. The aim of this is study is to compare the physicochemical, textural properties and thermal properties of RBOS with commercial shortening (CS). Spreadability analysis was conducted using a texture analyzer. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in firmness and work of shear between CS and RBOS. The fatty acid compositions were determined through GC-MS. The major fatty acids in RBOS were palmitic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid which is similar to those in RBO but significantly (p < 0.05) higher in saturated fatty acid content. RBO contains a high amount of γ-oryzanol and phytosterols which is beneficial in solid fat structuring. The quantitation of γ-oryzanol was performed by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer while the phytosterol content was analyzed by using HPLC. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in γ-oryzanol between RBO (1,299.88 ± 50.97 mg/ 100 g sample) and RBOS (1,201.86 ± 84.37 mg/ 100 g sample). However, there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in phytosterols between CS (4.17 ± 0.26 mg/ 100 g sample), RBO (247.00 ± 0.89 mg/ 100 g sample) and RBOS (184.16 ± 0.56 mg/ 100 g sample).  Besides, thermal analysis of CS and RBOS were carried out using DSC and TGA. The similar textural properties but better physicochemical properties make RBOS becomes a suitable choice as alternate shortening for bakery product.

Short-Time Tests for Long-Time Endurance

1923 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-264
Author(s):  
J. W. Harsch
Keyword(s):  
Long Time ◽  
Short Time

Effect of Vial shaking on Loading Time of Epirubicin into Drug-Eluting Bead

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Ikeda ◽  
Yusuke Kawamura ◽  
Masahiro Kobayashi ◽  
Taito Fukushima ◽  
Yushi Sorin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Agent ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Vortex Mixer ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Group A ◽  
Drug Eluting ◽  
Large Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Group B ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Short Time

Background: Although DC Bead has been useful in treatment of multiple and large hepatocellular carcinoma, loading time of doxorubicin into the DC Bead takes a long time of 30-120 minutes. Epirubicin is also used as an antitumor agent together with DC Bead, but its loading efficiency was not sufficiently elucidated. Methods: To shorten loading time of epirubicin into DC Bead (100-300µm, 300-500µm, 500-700µm), we examined the following three methods after mixing the drug: (a) let stand in room temperature, (b) agitated for 30 seconds with Vortex mixer, and (c) sonicated for 30 seconds with ultrasonic cleaner. After loading of epirubicin by each method, supernatant concentration for epirubicin was assayed at 5, 10, 30, 60, and 120 minutes. Results: Epirubicin loading rates for small bead (100-300µm) at 5 minutes were 82.9 % in group a, 93.8% in group b, and 79.9 % in group c. Similarly, medium bead (300-500µm), 40.1% in group a, 65.7% in group b and 45.5% in group c, respectively. In large-sized bead (500-700µm), loaded rates of epirubicin were 38.8% in group a, 59.0% in group b and 48.0% in group c. Agitation of mixture of epirubicin and DC Bead with Vortex mixer significantly shortened the loading time, but sonication did not affect the time required. Microscopic examination did not lead to any morphological change of microspheres in all the methods. Conclusions: Short time of agitation with Vortex mixer reduced the necessary time for loading of epirubicin in every standard of DC Bead.

Robust Test Method of TSOP PEMs for Space Application

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunobu Iwai ◽  
Koichi Shinozaki ◽  
Daiki Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Reliability Evaluation ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Thermal Shock Test ◽  
Space Application ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Limit Test ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Short Time

Abstract Compared with space parts, consumer parts are highly functional, low cost, compact and lightweight. Therefore, their increased usage in space applications is expected. Prior testing and evaluation on space applicability are necessary because consumer parts do not have quality guarantees for space application [1]. However, in the conventional reliability evaluation method, the test takes a long time, and the problem is that the robustness of the target sample can’t be evaluated in a short time. In this report, we apply to the latest TSOP PEM (Thin Small Outline Package Plastic Encapsulated Microcircuit) an evaluation method that combines preconditioning and HALT (Highly Accelerated Limit Test), which is a test method that causes failures in a short time under very severe environmental conditions. We show that this method can evaluate the robustness of TSOP PEMs including solder connections in a short time. In addition, the validity of this evaluation method for TSOP PEM is shown by comparing with the evaluation results of thermal shock test and life test, which are conventional reliability evaluation methods.

RESEARCH ON PREPARATION OF&NBSP; GAMMA ORYZANOL ANTI-AGING CREAM

2017 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Thi Minh Nguyet Le ◽  
Thi Kim Lien Phan
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Aging Effect ◽  
Triterpene Alcohols ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Formulation Parameters ◽  
Rice Water ◽  
Gamma Oryzanol

Background and Objectives: For a long time, Asian women have known to use rice water, rice bran for skin care, lightening dark spots and slowing down the aging process. Gamma Oryzanol, an ester mixture of trans-ferulic acid with phytosterols and triterpene alcohols extracted from rice bran oil, has been shown to have beneficial effects on the skin, especially its antioxidant and anti-aging effect. The aims of this research were to formulate Gamma Oryzanol-loaded anti-aging cream and to evaluate the product quality. Materials and Methods: Gamma Oryzanol was imported from Japan. Some formulation parameters such as emulsifi-ers, performance modifiers were investigated and the product quality was evaluated according to the criteria of drugs and cosmetics. Results: The excipients were chosen including 1% (w/w) of Lunamer with 3% (w/w) of Prolipid as emulsifiers and 8% (w/w) of mango seed butter as a state modifier in the formulation of Gamma Oryzanol anti-aging cream. The cream is ivory-white, thick, smooth, fragrant-smelling and satisfied all criteria of developed specification. Conclusion: The study was successful in the preparation of Gamma Oryzanol anti-aging cream. Key words: Gamma Oryzanol, anti-aging cream, Franz cells.

Effect of short-term use of oral contraceptive pills on intraocular pressure

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayyaba Gul Malik ◽  
Hina Nadeem ◽  
Eiman Ayesha ◽  
Rabail Alam
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Short Time

Objective: To study the effect of short-term use of oral contraceptive pills on intra-ocular pressures of women of childbearing age.   Methods: It was a comparative observational study, conducted at Arif memorial teaching hospital and Allied hospital Faisalabad for a period of six months. Hundred female subjects were divided into two groups of 50 each. Group A, included females, who had been taking oral contraceptive pills (OCP) for more than 6 months and less than 36 months. Group B, included 50 age-matched controls, who had never used OCP. Ophthalmic and systemic history was taken. Careful Slit lamp examination was performed and intraocular pressures (IOP) were measured using Goldman Applanation tonometer. Fundus examination was done to rule out any posterior segment disease. After collection of data, we analyzed and compared the intra ocular pressures between the two groups by using ANOVA in SPSS version 21.   Results: Average duration of using OCP was 14.9 months. There was no significant difference of Cup to Disc ratios between the two groups (p= 0.109). However, significant difference was noted between the IOP of OCP group and controls. (p=0.000). Conclusion: OCP significantly increase IOP even when used for short time period.

The Spread of Pollutants from Harbour Sludge Depots

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 623-633
Author(s):  
M Loxham ◽  
F Weststrate
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Molecular Diffusion ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Dilution Effects ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Harbour Sludge

It is generally agreed that both the landfill option, or the civil techniques option for the final disposal of contaminated harbour sludge involves the isolation of the sludge from the environment. For short time scales, engineered barriers such as a bentonite screen, plastic sheets, pumping strategies etc. can be used. However for long time scales the effectiveness of such measures cannot be counted upon. It is thus necessary to be able to predict the long term environmenttal spread of contaminants from a mature landfill. A model is presented that considers diffusion and adsorption in the landfill site and convection and adsorption in the underlaying aquifer. From a parameter analysis starting form practical values it is shown that the adsorption behaviour and the molecular diffusion coefficient of the sludge, are the key parameters involved in the near field. The dilution effects of the far field migration patterns are also illustrated.

Chemical Constituents in Some Promising Genotypes of Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss.]

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
SUNITA SINGH ◽  
R. P. SINGH ◽  
H. K. SINGH ◽  
N. A. KHAN ◽  
M. K. MAURYA
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Crude Fibre

Among the oilseed Brassica crops, Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss.] is an important source of oil from a nutritional point of view. The nutritional value of oil and cake quality is governed mainly by the composition of its fatty acids, iodine value, saponification, acid value, glucosinolates, crude fibre, protein and limiting amino acids, etc. Seventeen varieties/strains of Indian mustard were taken for saturated and unsaturated fatty acid analysis. The eicosenoic was absent in genotype (NUDBYJ-10) and erucic acid (NUDBYJ-10, LES-46 and Pusa mustard- 21). The fatty acid composition found a variable in different genotypes. Saturated fatty acid, Palmitic + Stearic ranged between 2.3 to 6.5%, Oleic 10.6 to 40.7%, Linoleic 16.1 to 37.7%, Linolenic 13.3 to 26.7%, Eicosenoic 0.00 to 10.30% and Erucic acid 0.00 to 47.50%, respectively. Alternaria blight severity also varied in different genotypes and ranged between 18.75 to 56.25%, maximum being in genotype Kranti and minimum in LES-47. No significant correlation was observed between the fatty acid composition and disease severity. The oil content range from 38.1 to 42.60% and protein content was found highest in variety RGN-73. The amino acid viz. methionine and tryptophan range between 0.41 to 1.81 g/16gN and 0.41 to 1.81 g /16g N, respectively.

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