IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF SIMANA LAGI APPLE ([MALUS DOMESTICA BORKH.] “SIMANA LAGI”) GROWN IN EAST JAVA-INDONESIA

Objectives: The goals of this research were to observe antioxidant properties from different parts of Simana lagi apple ([Malus domestica Borkh.] “Simana lagi”) using two antioxidant testing methods which were 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6- sulfonic acid (ABTS) and correlation of total phenolic and flavonoid content with their inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) of DPPH and IC50 of ABTS.Methods: Each sample was extracted by reflux using different polarity solvents. The extracts were evaporated using rotary evaporator. Antioxidant activities were tested using DPPH and ABTS assays, determination of total phenolic, and flavonoid content were carried out by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and correlation with their IC50 of DPPH and IC50 of ABTS activities were analyzed by Pearson’s method.Results: The ethanolic leaves extract (LV3) of Simana lagi apple also exposed the highest total phenolic content (TPC) (13.88 g gallic acid equivalents/100 g), while the highest total flavonoid content was presented by ethyl acetate extract (LV2) (7.21 g QE/100 g). The lowest IC50 of DPPH scavenging activity 0.19 μg/ml, and the lowest IC50 of ABTS scavenging activity 0.15 μg/ml was given by ethanolic flesh extract (FL3) of Simana lagi apple. There were significantly negative correlation between TPC in all different parts extracts of Simana lagi apple with their IC50 of DPPH and IC50 of ABTS.Conclusions: All different parts extracts of Simana lagi apple were categorized as very strong antioxidant by DPPH and ABTS method (except n-hexane peels extract and n-hexane LV by DPPH method, and n-hexane FE by ABTS method). The major contributor in antioxidant activities of peels, flesh and leaves extracts of Simana lagi apple by DPPH and ABTS methods were phenolic compounds. Antioxidant activities of peels, flesh and leaves extracts of Simana lagi apple showed linear results by DPPH and ABTS methods.

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ANTIOXIDANT PROFILE AND PHYTOCHEMICAL CONTENT OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF SUPER RED DRAGON FRUIT (HYLOCEREUS COSTARICENSIS) COLLECTED FROM WEST JAVA-INDONESIA

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i12.21571 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 290 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Irda Fidrianny ◽

Nadia Ilham ◽

Rika Hartati

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Phytochemical Content ◽

Dragon Fruit ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽

Dpph Scavenging ◽

Different Parts

Objectives: The goals of this research were to observe antioxidant properties from different parts of super red dragon fruit (Hylocereus costaricensis) using two antioxidant testing methods which were 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS).Methods: Antioxidant activities were determined using DPPH and ABTS assays, total phenolic content (TPC) using Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, flavonoid content by Chang’s method.Results: Inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) of DPPH scavenging activity of all of the extracts in the range of 2.69 μg/ml was −94.17 μg/ml. The ethyl acetate peel extract of super red dragon fruit expressed the highest TPC (4.56 g GAE/100 g) and the highest total flavonoid content (12.63 g QE/100 g). TPC in flesh extract of super red dragon fruit had a negative and significant correlation with their IC50 of ABTS. The IC50 of DPPH and IC50 of ABTS of flesh extract of super red dragon fruit showed positive and significant correlation.Conclusion: All different parts extracts of super red dragon fruit (except n-hexane flesh extract) were categorized as a very strong antioxidant by DPPH method. Phenolic compounds in flesh extract of super red dragon fruit were the major contributor in antioxidant activities by ABTS method. DPPH and ABTS showed linear results in antioxidant activities of super red dragon fruit flesh extract.

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PHYTOCHEMICAL CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF DIFFERENT ORGANS OF EGGPLANT (SOLANUM MELONGENA L.) GROWN IN WEST JAVA-INDONESIA

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i8.18584 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 144

Author(s):

Irda Fidrianny ◽

Siti Winarsih ◽

Komar Ruslan

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Solanum Melongena ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Phytochemical Content ◽

Fruit Extracts ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Objectives: The goals of this research were to evaluate antioxidant potential from different organs of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) using two antioxidant testing methods which were 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and correlation of total phenolic and flavonoid content with their inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) of DPPH, and exhibitory concentration 50% (EC50) of FRAP.Materials and Methods: Each sample was extracted by reflux using different polarity solvents. The extracts were evaporated using rotary evaporator. Antioxidant activities were tested using DPPH and FRAP assays, determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content were carried out by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and correlation with their IC50 of DPPH and EC50 of FRAP capacities were analyzed by Pearson’s method.Results: The lowest IC50 of DPPH scavenging activity 1.14 μg/ml and the lowest EC50 of FRAP capacity 49.80 μg/ml was given by ethanolic leaves extract of eggplant. Ethanolic leaves extract of eggplant also presented the highest total phenolic content (TPC) (8.87 g gallic acid equivalent/100 g), while the highest total flavonoid content was shown by ethyl acetate leaves extract (24.50 g quercetin equivalent/100 g). There was a significantly negative correlation between TPC in leaves and fruit extracts of eggplant with their IC50 of DPPH and EC50 of FRAP.Conclusions: All different extracts of eggplant organs (except n-hexane stem extract) were categorized as a very strong antioxidant by DPPH method. Phenolic compounds in eggplant leaves and fruit extracts were the major contributor in antioxidant activities by DPPH and FRAP methods. DPPH and FRAP showed linear results in antioxidant activities of eggplant leaves, fruit and stem extracts.

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ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF BOGOR PINEAPPLE (ANANAS COMOSUS [L.] MERR. VAR. QUEEN) CULTIVATED IN WEST JAVA-INDONESIA

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v11i1.22022 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 129

Author(s):

Irda Fidrianny ◽

Veliana Virna ◽

Muhamad Insanu

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Ananas Comosus ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Pineapple Peel ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Peel Extract ◽

Different Parts

Objective: The aims of this research were to observe antioxidant activities from different parts of Bogor pineapple (Ananas comosus [L.] Merr. Var. Queen) using two antioxidant testing methods which were 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and correlation of total phenolic and flavonoid contents with their inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) of DPPH and exhibitory concentration 50% (EC50) of FRAP.Methods: Each sample was extracted by reflux using different polarity solvents. Antioxidant activities were determined using DPPH and FRAP assays, total phenolic content (TPC) using Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, flavonoid content by Chang’s method, and correlation with their IC50 DPPH and EC50 FRAP were analyzed by Pearson’s method.Results: IC50 DPPH of various extracts of different parts of Bogor pineapple ranged from 0.13 to 68.17μg/ml. The ethyl acetate peel extract of Bogor pineapple presented the highest TPC (7.84 g GAE/100 g) while the highest total flavonoid content (10.84 g QE/100 g) was shown by ethyl acetate bract extract of Bogor pineapple. TPC in peel extract of Bogor pineapple had negative and significant correlation with their EC50 FRAP. The IC50 DPPH and EC50 FRAP of peel extract of Bogor pineapple showed positive and significant correlation.Conclusion: All different part extracts of Bogor pineapple (except n-hexane flesh extract, peel extract, and bract extract) were categorized as a very strong antioxidant by DPPH method. Phenolic compounds in peel extract of Bogor pineapple were the major contributor in antioxidant activities by FRAP method. DPPH and FRAP methods gave linear results in antioxidant activities of Bogor pineapple peel extract.

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Phytochemical Evaluation of Some Medicinal Plants of Puthan District of Nepal

Nepal Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.3126/njst.v19i1.29789 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 97-106

Author(s):

Hari Giri ◽

Meena Rajbhandari

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Aqueous Acetone ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid ◽

Different Parts

Different parts of eleven medicinal plants used in the traditional medicine in Puthan district were collected. Three different extracts, methanol, 50% aqueous methanoland 70% aqueous acetone extractswere prepared for each plant material. The methanol extractswere screened for the presence of different classes of phytochemicals. Total phenolic andflavonoid content, as well as DPPH freeradical scavenging activity, were evaluated. All the investigated extracts contain a high amount of phenolics and flavonoids.The highest amount of phenolicsand flavonoids were detected in the methanolextract of bark of Bauhinia variegate(355.35+3.69 mg GAE/g and 209.23 ±1.25 mg QE/g extract). Among the eight tested extracts, the highest radical scavenging activity was shown by methanol extract of bark of B. variegate (IC50 3.68 μg/ml). The extract having the highest phenolic and flavonoid content showed the lowest IC50 demonstrating the positive correlation between radical scavenging activity and total phenolic and flavonoid content.

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ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF BOGOR PINEAPPLE (ANANAS COMOSUS [L.] MERR. VAR. QUEEN) CULTIVATED IN WEST JAVA-INDONESIA

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i1.22022 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 129

Author(s):

Irda Fidrianny ◽

Veliana Virna ◽

Muhamad Insanu

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Ananas Comosus ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Pineapple Peel ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Peel Extract ◽

Different Parts

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Rapid screening analysis of antioxidant activities in green tea products using DPPH and FRAP

Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia ◽

10.21776/ub.pji.2021.007.01.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 9-14

Author(s):

Vendra Setiawan ◽

◽

Sherlly Phangestu ◽

Agatha Grace Soetikno ◽

Angelina Arianti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Free Radicals ◽

Green Tea ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

The Body ◽

Rapid Screening ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Ic50 Values ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Free radicals are formed inside and outside the body. Free radicals inside the body can be created in the cell compartments. The reactions are complex through the initiation, propagation, and termination stages. On the other hand, free radicals in the outer body can be formed from pollutions and environmental damage action. Excessive free radicals cause oxidative stress and use destructive cellular to affect health conditions. Antioxidants are known as essential agents in biological systems against diseases triggered by free radicals. One of the many antioxidants found in tea plants (Camellia sinensis) is polyphenols. A colorimetry method was employed to evaluate the dominant antioxidant compound of the total phenolic and flavonoid content in two selected tea products. The total phenolic content was determined by utilizing the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. In addition, an aluminum colorimetric assay is applied to assess flavonoid content. Rapid screening of antioxidant activity using a spectrophotometric method is employed to determine IC50 values of tea extracts utilizing DPPH and FRAP. The FRAP method showed more sensitivity in determining antioxidant activities with the feasibility of working in low analyte concentrations than the DPPH method. The high total phenolic and flavonoid contents found in this experiment are in line with low IC50 values. It was also found out that brewed green tea has lower total phenol content than green tea bags.

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Establishing Relationship between Vitamins, Total Phenolic and Total Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activities in Various Honey Types

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26154399 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (15) ◽

pp. 4399

Author(s):

Norhasnida Zawawi ◽

Pei Juin Chong ◽

Nurul Nadhirah Mohd Tom ◽

Nurkhairina Solehah Saiful Anuar ◽

Salma Malihah Mohammad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Phenolic Acids ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Extrinsic Factors ◽

Biochemical Compounds ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Honey is a well-known natural sweetener and is rich in natural antioxidants that prevent the occurrence of oxidative stress, which is responsible for many human diseases. Some of the biochemical compounds in honey that contribute to this property are vitamins and phenolic compounds such as phenolic acids and flavonoids. However, the extent to which these molecules contribute towards the antioxidant capacity in vitro is inconsistently reported, especially with the different analytical methods used, as well as other extrinsic factors that influence these molecules’ availability. Therefore, by reviewing recently published works correlating the vitamin, total phenolic, and flavonoid content in honey with its antioxidant activities in vitro, this paper will establish a relationship between these parameters. Based on the literature, vitamins do not contribute to honey’s antioxidant capacity; however, the content of phenolic acids and flavonoids has an impact on honey’s antioxidant activity.

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NEW FLAVONOIDS FROM THE AERIAL PARTS OF POLYGONUM EQUISETIFORME SM (POLYGONACEAE)

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i2.15593 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 166 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sayed A. El-toumy ◽

Joslin Y. Salib ◽

Nabila H. Shafik ◽

Asmaa S. Abd Elkarim ◽

Gihan A. Mick

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Gallic Acid ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

Objective: The current study was to deal the isolation and identification of secondary metabolites from Polygonum equisetiforme and evaluation of antioxidant activity of its extract.Methods: The methanol-water extract (7:3) of the air-dried aerial parts of Polygonum equisetiforme was fractionated and separated to obtain the isolated compounds by different chromatographic techniques. Structures of these compounds were elucidated by UV and 1D⁄2D H⁄ C NMR spectroscopy and compared with the literature data. The crude extract was evaluated for in vitro antioxidant activity using the 2,2 diphenyl dipicryl hydrazine (DPPH) method.Results: Ten secondary metabolites were isolated from Polygonum equisetiforme in this study. Of which three new flavonoids named as 3,5,7,2’,5’ pentahydroxyflavone 3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside (1), 3,5,7,2’,5’ pentahydroxyflavone 3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside 8 C-sulphated (2) and quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucucorinde 6''-methyl ester 8-sulphated (3) as well as quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucucorinde methyl ester (4), quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), quercetin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), quercetin(7), myricetin (8), P-methoxy gallic acid methyl ester (9) and gallic acid (10). The antioxidant potential of P. equisetiforme extract was evaluated by investigating it's total phenolic and flavonoid content and DPPH radical scavenging activity whereby the extract showed significant antioxidant activity (IC50 = 37.45 μg/ml). The total phenolic and flavonoid content was found to be 130.79±5.502 and 45.8±1.63 μg/ml, respectively.Conclusion: Polygonum equisetiforme is a promising medicinal plant, and our study tends to support the therapeutic value of this plant as an antioxidant drug.

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Antioxidant potential of five commercially less valued leafy vegetables from Bangladesh

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v47i4.47391 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 953-959

Author(s):

Kishwar Jahan Shethi ◽

Mohammad Zashim Uddin

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Content ◽

Leafy Vegetables ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Dpph Radical ◽

Flavonoid Content ◽

Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽

Dpph Scavenging ◽

Phenolic And Flavonoid

To evaluate the antioxidant potential of less valued green leafy vegetables of Bangladesh, the methanolic extracts of Alternanthera sessilis, A. philoxeroides, A. paronychioides, Glinus oppositifolius and Portulaca oleracea were subjected to assay for total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and DPPH free radicle scavenging activity. Among the studied materials, A. sessilis showed the highest phenolic and flavonoid content. However, G. oppositifolius presented the lowest phenolic content (14.53 ± 0.48 mg of GAE/g of sample) and P. oleracea exhibited minimum (7.005 ± 0.25 mg of RUE/g of sample) flavonoid content. DPPH radical scavenging activity was found to increase with increase in the concentration of each individual material. A. philoxiroides (IC50 = 6.07 ± 0.27 μg/ml) was found as the most active in DPPH radical percentage inhibition, which was followed by A. sessilis (IC50 = 7.17 ± 0.67 μg/ml). Interestingly, A. paronychioides, in spite of having good amount of total phenolic and flavonoid content, showed less DPPH scavenging activity. No linear relationship was found to exist in case of the total phenolic, flavonoid content and DPPH scavenging activity among G. oppositifolius, P. oleracea and A. paronychioides. The results from different methods may differ substantially because each complex chemical reaction generates unique values. However, all the five plants exhibited creditable antioxidant activity and thus consumption of these vegetables may play important role in combating oxidative stresses and thereby help in retaining good health.

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