scholarly journals ACACIA SENEGAL BARK EXTRACT IN REGULATION OF HYPOTHYROIDISM: AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Dheeraj Jangid ◽  
Ashok Purohit
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Acacia Senegal ◽  
Standard Drug

Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the thyroid hormone stimulating efficacy of Acacia senegal (Gum Arabic) bark extract in 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroid albino rats.Methods: Ethanolic extract of A. senegal bark was given to PTU-induced hypothyroid albino rats at the dose of 500 mg/kg body weight. The animals were divided into control, PTU, and A. senegal bark extract treated and standard drug Eltroxin-treated groups for 60-day experimentation. The serum thyroxin levels, organ’s weight, and serum biochemistry were carried out.Results: Oral administration of A. senegal bark extract caused a highly significant increase (p≤0.001) in serum triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (T4), and significant changes were also observed in organ’s weight with biochemical parameters as compared to hypothyroid albino rats and results were approximate to the standard drug Eltroxin.Conclusion: These results evaluate that ethanolic extract of A. senegal bark helps to compensate or increases the serum thyroxin level in management of hypothyroidism.

scholarly journals ACACIA SENEGAL BARK EXTRACT IN REGULATION OF HYPOTHYROIDISM: AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Dheeraj Jangid ◽  
Ashok Purohit
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Acacia Senegal ◽  
Standard Drug

Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the thyroid hormone stimulating efficacy of Acacia senegal (Gum Arabic) bark extract in 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroid albino rats.Methods: Ethanolic extract of A. senegal bark was given to PTU-induced hypothyroid albino rats at the dose of 500 mg/kg body weight. The animals were divided into control, PTU, and A. senegal bark extract treated and standard drug Eltroxin-treated groups for 60-day experimentation. The serum thyroxin levels, organ’s weight, and serum biochemistry were carried out.Results: Oral administration of A. senegal bark extract caused a highly significant increase (p≤0.001) in serum triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (T4), and significant changes were also observed in organ’s weight with biochemical parameters as compared to hypothyroid albino rats and results were approximate to the standard drug Eltroxin.Conclusion: These results evaluate that ethanolic extract of A. senegal bark helps to compensate or increases the serum thyroxin level in management of hypothyroidism.

scholarly journals Effect of Myristica Fragrans Extract on Lipid Profile, Glucose, Body Weight, Food Intake, Liver and Renal Functions in Experimental Obese Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 677-682
Author(s):  
Yakaiah Vangoori ◽  
Anusha Dakshinamoorthi ◽  
S. Kavimani
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cafeteria Diet ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The effect of the ethanolic extract of Myristica fragrans was evaluated on cafeteria diet induced body weight, glucose and lipid elevations in albino rats. 30 rats were taken randomly and divided into five groups and six each. Group-1 normal control and Group 2-5 were give cafeteria diet for 6 weeks to induce obesity and treatment period was 10 weeks. After 70 days of treatment, the extract, at doses of 200 and 400mg/kg, significantly reduced the body weight, glucose and lipid levels (p < 0.001) dose dependently. The standard drug Orlistat at 50mg/kg effectively prevented the body weight, glucose and lipid levels when compared with control and test groups. With these observations and previous data, the study concludes that Myristica fragrans extract can stimulate AMP-Kinase enzyme system and can reduce glucose and lipid concentrations. This may be useful for obesity treatment.

scholarly journals Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Methanolic Stem Bark Extract ofNyctanthes arbor-tristisLinn.

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibhuti Bhusan Kakoti ◽  
Paresh Pradhan ◽  
Sudarshana Borah ◽  
Kabita Mahato ◽  
Mritunjay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Stem bark ofNyctanthes arbor-tristisLinn. was extracted in methanol to evaluate their analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. The analgesic activity was determined on Wistar albino rats by hot plate method, tail flick assay, and tail immersion method using Morphine sulphate as standard drug at a dose of 5 mg/kg of body weight and the results were expressed as mean increase in latency after drug administration ± SEM. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by Carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema using diclofenac sodium as standard drug at a dose of 100 mg/kg of body weight and expressed in terms of mean increase in paw volume ± SEM. Stem bark extract was given at a dose of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of body weight. Both standard drugs and extract were administered orally to the animals. Control received distilled water orally. Results showed thatNyctanthes arbor-tristisLinn. had potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.

scholarly journals Anti-diabetic and acute toxicity studies of Annona squamosa L. ethanolic leaves extract.

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah - Saeed ◽  
Mansoor Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Annona Squamosa ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Body Weight Dose

<p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p>Aim of this research work was to explore the anti-diabetic activity and acute toxicity of <em>Annona squamosa </em>L. leaves ethanolic extract in albino rats and mice respectively.</p><p>Diabetes was induced by Alloxan (120 mg/kg). Seven rats were taken in each group. Glibenclaimide (0.25 mg/kg) was taken as the standard drug. <em>A. squamosa</em> was administered orally in 100mg, 200mg and 400mg doses in three different groups of diabetes- induced rats. <em>A. squamosa</em> leaves extracts were found to have significant anti-diabetic activity.</p><p>Acute toxicity study was carried out on administration of 800mg/kg, 1600mg/kg and 5000 mg/kg body weight. No acute toxicity was observed at 800mg/kg and 1600mg/kg doses. At 5000mg/kg body weight dose 100% fatality was recorded within 24 hours.</p><p>Our research work revealed the safe and effective anti-diabetic activity of <em>Annona squamosa</em> ethanolic leaves extract. </p>

scholarly journals Acute and Sub chronic Toxicological evaluation of ethanolic leaf extract of Sida acuta Burm.F in Wistar albino rats by analyzing biochemical, heamatological and histochemical parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 4111-4119
Author(s):  
Perumalsamy Muneeswari ◽  
Sri Rashmy Madathi ◽  
Kannappan Poornima
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Toxicity Evaluation ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Sida Acuta ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Sida acuta burm.f belongs to Malvaceae, the mallow family and enjoys tropical and pantropical distribution. The plant is usually known as wireweed in the countryside, and it is highly medicinally valued traditionally and ethnobotanically promised. The species have literature reports on scientific attributes like abortifacient, anthelmintic, diuretic, anti-rheumatic, antipyretic and wound healing properties. The present study is concerned with acute and sub-chronic toxicity evaluation of ethanolic extract of Sida acuta Burm.f leaves in Wistar albino rats. Acute toxicity evaluation was conducted for 14 days. Acute doses of 100, 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg BW were administrated to test groups of animals under consideration on the first day of experimental evaluation with three animals in each of total six groups along with control. For the remaining 13 days, animals were observed for noted behavioural changes and body weight were recorded respectively for 7th and 14th day of experimental analysis. At the end of the trial period, all the animals were euthanised, and various biochemical parameters and histopathological examination were carried out to assess the toxicity of extract. The present study revealed that the ethanolic extract of Sida acuta Burm.f leaves is non-toxic up to 2000mg/kg body weight. Subchronic toxicity evaluation was conducted for 28 days with several doses 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500mg/kg BW. Control rats without any treatment were maintained during the entire period of experimental analysis. The results of subchronic toxicity parameters indicate no significant changes to the biochemical parameters (glucose, urea, uric acid, creatinine, AST, ALT and Cholesterol) haematological and histopathological observation in comparison to the control groups. Based on subchronic toxicity parameters data, effective doses (200 and 400mg/kg BW) is determined for further cancer (colon) study in Wistar albino rats.

EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT FRACTIONS OF ROSA CENTIFOLIA IN DOXORUBICIN-INDUCED MYOCARDIAL TOXICITY IN ALBINO RATS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
S. K Nimbal ◽  
◽  
B. C Koti
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Preventive Role

This study was undertaken to understand the preventive role of ethanolic extract fractions of flower petals of Rosa centifolia (RC) against Doxorubicin-induced myocardial toxicity in albino rats. The ethanolic extract of flower petals of RC was prepared by hot extraction method and further fractionated into petroleum ether (PERC), chloroform (CHRC), ethyl acetate (EARC) and aqueous (AQRC) fractions by increasing in order of polarity. Cardiotoxicity was produced by cumulative administration of Dox (2.5 mg/kg alternative day for two weeks). All four fractions (PERC-20 mg/kg, CLRC-15 mg/kg, EARC-40 mg/kg and AQRC-25 mg/kg) were administered as pretreatment for two weeks followed by Dox on alternative days for two weeks. The general observations, biomarker enzymes like lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK-MB) and troponin-I (cTnI), biochemical parameters such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were monitored after three weeks of last dose. Myocardial toxicity was also evaluated by histopathologic studies. Repeated administration of Dox-induced cardiomyopathy was characterized with an increased level of biomarkers and antioxidant deficit. Pretreatment with the EARC (40 mg/kg) and standard drug (Vit-E 100 mg/kg) significantly protected myocardium from the toxic effects of Dox by reducing the elevated level of biomarker enzymes like LDH, CK-MB, biochemical parameters such as AST and ALT, absence of cTnI and restoring of disorganized myocardial tissue to normal. The biomarker, biochemical and histopathological data evidently substantiate the cardioprotective effect of EARC, which could be attributed to flavanoids present in the ethyl acetate fraction.

Evaluation of Anti-diabetic and Anti-hyperlipidemic Activity of Rhododendron arboreum bark extract against Streptozocin Induced Diabetes in Rats

1970 ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Suman Gautam ◽  
Kabiraj Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Islet Cells ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Pancreatic Islet Cells ◽  
Ethanolic Solution ◽  
Significant Percentage ◽  
Rhododendron Arboreum

The anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic activity of R. arboreum in bark extract against streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. R. arboreum bark extract in ethanolic solution was prepared by soxhlatation method and stored in refrigerator for further use. The plant extract was tested for its hypoglycaemic property in glucose overloaded albino rats. The effect of extract was evaluated for its anti-diabetic action in STZ induced diabetic rats on 7, 14, 21 and 28 days respectively.  Treatment with the ethanolic extract of Rhododendron arboreum significantly decreased blood glucose in diabetic rats and glucose overloaded rats, where as the extract also improved the others biochemical parameters associated with diabetes like total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL were reduced and HDL level was increased .The cardioprotective and nephroprotective qualities of the extract was determined by measuring biomarker LDH in diabetic rats. The histopathology of pancreas was studied to support the experimental results. The histology of pancreatic islet cells was normal in non-diabetic animals, whereas in diabetic treated rats. The significant percentage reduction of glucose level was found to be 44.78% at the dose of 200 mg/kg of aqueous extract of Rhododendron arboreum at 28th day of the treatment.

Assessment of hepatoprotective activity of coded plant (222) leaf ethanolic extract against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats – Part IV

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnakumar N M
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Hepatic Enzymes ◽  
Standard Drug

The present study was designed to assess the possible hepatoprotective activity of the leaf ethanolic extract of coded plant (Code No. 222**) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic injury in Wistar albino rats. The animals were divided into different groups and treated with 222 leaf ethanolic extract at different concentrations for five days. Silymarin, the known hepatoprotective standard compound (100 mg/kg) was administered for five days. Hepatotoxicity was induced by the subcutaneous administration of a single dose of CCl4: Olive oil (2 mL/kg) on days 2 and 3. The administration of CCl4 resulted in marked increase in serum hepatic enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and serum bilirubin levels. CCl4 intoxication also resulted in a significant (P=0.05) increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), which is a common marker of lipid peroxidation. The other biochemical parameters such as cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, urea and uric acid levels were also increased significantly (P=0.05) compared to normal control group. Changes in serum hepatic enzymes, biochemical parameters and MDA levels induced by CCl4 were reversed by the leaf ethanolic extract of 222 (125 mg/kg) dose. The standard drug silymarin treated group also reversed CCl4-induced changes in biomarkers of liver function and MDA levels. Histopathological studies of the liver samples confirmed the hepatoprotective property of the coded drug 222. It was seen that histopathological damage induced by CCl4 were improved in rat liver, treated with 222 extract. The results of the present study suggested that coded plant (222) leaf ethanolic extract may be used as a hepatoprotective agent against toxic effects caused carbon tetrachloride in the liver.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Ethanolic Extract ofTabernaemontana divaricata(L.) R. Br. against DEN and Fe NTA Induced Liver Necrosis in Wistar Albino Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kannappan Poornima ◽  
Palanisamy Chella Perumal ◽  
Velliyur Kanniappan Gopalakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Liver Necrosis ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Tabernaemontana Divaricata ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

This study is an attempt to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity ofTabernaemontana divaricataagainst DEN and Fe NTA induced liver necrosis in rats. Ethanolic extract of the whole plant ofTabernaemontana divaricataat doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight and 5-fluorouracil (standard drug) was orally administered to male Wistar Albino rats once daily for 24 weeks, simultaneously treated with the carcinogen DEN and Fe NTA. In simultaneously treated animals, the plant extract significantly decreased the levels of uric acid, bilirubin, AST, ALT, and ALP in serum and increased the levels of liver marker enzymes in liver. Treatment with the extracts resulted in a significant increase in the levels of antioxidants accompanied by a marked reduction in the levels of malondialdehyde when compared to DEN and Fe NTA treated group. When compared with 200 mg/kg bw rats, 400 mg/kg bw rats and 5-fluorouracil treated rats showed better results in all the parameters. The histopathological studies confirmed the protective effects of extract against DEN and Fe NTA induced liver necrosis. Thus, it could be concluded that the use ofTabernaemontana divaricataextract in the treatment of carcinogen induced hepatic necrosis.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL OF DUNALIELLA SALINA MICROALGAE TO AMELIORATE HIGH-FAT DIET‑INDUCED OBESITY IN ANIMALS’ RODENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farouk K El-baz ◽  
Hanan F Aly
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Dunaliella Salina ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Related Complication ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Obese Rats

 Objective: This study was carried out to investigate the potential of Dunaliella salina microalgae to ameliorate obesity induced by high-fat diet (HFD) in male Wistar rats.Methods: Fifty rats weighing 150–160 g were fed HFD for 12 weeks. The rats were randomly divided into five groups of ten rats each. Obese rats were orally administered D. salina ethanolic extract (150 mg/Kg body weight), and orlistat as standard drug (12 mg/Kg body weight), for 6 weeks.Results: Treatment of obese rats with both D. salina and orlistat had a significant effect in reducing body and liver weights as well as visceral fat, inhibiting pancreatic lipase activity, decreased lipid profile, and increased fecal fat and ameliorating liver function enzymes activity, insulin, blood glucose, and leptin levels. Besides, food intake was insignificantly increased as a result of D. salina and orlistat treatments compared with normal control rats.Conclusion: It could be concluded that D. salina rich in β-carotene significantly reduced body weight gain and ameliorated several metabolic pathways implicated in obesity and its related complication. Hence, further intensive study must be carried out to formulate D. Salina extracts to apply as a promising natural anti-obesity nutraceutical drug.

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