scholarly journals Effect of Myristica Fragrans Extract on Lipid Profile, Glucose, Body Weight, Food Intake, Liver and Renal Functions in Experimental Obese Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 677-682
Author(s):  
Yakaiah Vangoori ◽  
Anusha Dakshinamoorthi ◽  
S. Kavimani
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cafeteria Diet ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The effect of the ethanolic extract of Myristica fragrans was evaluated on cafeteria diet induced body weight, glucose and lipid elevations in albino rats. 30 rats were taken randomly and divided into five groups and six each. Group-1 normal control and Group 2-5 were give cafeteria diet for 6 weeks to induce obesity and treatment period was 10 weeks. After 70 days of treatment, the extract, at doses of 200 and 400mg/kg, significantly reduced the body weight, glucose and lipid levels (p < 0.001) dose dependently. The standard drug Orlistat at 50mg/kg effectively prevented the body weight, glucose and lipid levels when compared with control and test groups. With these observations and previous data, the study concludes that Myristica fragrans extract can stimulate AMP-Kinase enzyme system and can reduce glucose and lipid concentrations. This may be useful for obesity treatment.

scholarly journals INJECTABLE COPPER AND ZINC FOR GRAZING YEARLING STEERS

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1033-1041
Author(s):  
F. A-R. SANKOH ◽  
R. J. BOILA
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cu And Zn ◽  
Group 1

Injectable Cu and Zn were evaluated as mineral supplements using 37 purebred Herefords (Group 1) and 23 Angus-Charolais-North Devon crosses (Group 2). The 60 steers were carried through a 113-d grazing phase. This was followed by a 79-d finishing phase for all steers of Group 1 and seven steers of Group 2. Treatments were combinations of the non-dosing (0Cu, 0Zn) and dosing (+Cu, +Zn) of steers with injectable Cu or Zn at the start of the grazing phase: (1) 0Cu, 0Zn; (2) +Cu, 0Zn; (3) 0Cu, +Zn; and (4) +Cu, +Zn. Injectables were the sole source of supplementary Cu and Zn during grazing and finishing phases. Means (SE) for Cu and Zn, respectively, in forages as milligrams per kilogram dry matter (DM) during the grazing phase were: grasses, 4.4 (0.17), 15.7 (0.46); alfalfa, 6.9 (0.18), 16.5 (1.49); and birdsfoot trefoil 5.0 (0.76), 15.0 (3.41). Injectable Cu did not influence (P > 0.05) body weight during the grazing phase. Body weight responses were lower (P < 0.05) for +Cu steers in the finishing phase, when dietary Cu was low, but steers could not be classified as Cu-deficient based on liver Cu. Liver Cu increased to means greater than 140 mg kg−1 DM in all steers, but was higher (P < 0.05) in +Cu steers during the grazing phase. Serum Cu varied widely during the grazing phase, but was higher (P < 0.05) for +Cu steers only on day 84 of the grazing phase. Neither liver Cu nor serum Cu was influenced (P > 0.05) by injectable Zn. Injectable Zn decreased growth rates in the latter part of the grazing phase but did not affect (P > 0.05) the body weight response during the finishing phase. The concentrations of Zn in liver and serum were not influenced (P > 0.05) by injectable Cu or Zn. Key words: Cattle, grazing, copper, zinc, injectable copper, injectable zinc

scholarly journals Effect of grazing period management on growth performances of camel in climate change condition

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Champak Bhakat
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Change Condition ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

In order to decide the optimum time of grazing for camels during hot summer months, 10 growing camel calveswere divided into 2 equal groups. First group was sent for grazing during 10:00 h to 16:00 h daily and second groupallowed for grazing during thermo neutral period. The climatic variables were recorded daily (April 2012 to March2013). The average daily gain and total body weight gain in calves sent for grazing during relatively cool parts ofday (group 2) was significantly higher as compared to group 1 calves sent as per routine farm schedule. Theaverage intake of fodder and water from manger was higher in group 1 calves. The average DMI from manger forgroup 1 calves was higher as compared to group 2 calves. The comparative biometrics of camel calves in differentgrazing management practices revealed that body length, heart girth, height at wither, neck length were significantly(P&lt;0.01) higher in group 2 calves as compared to group 1 calves. After 180 days of experimentation, humpcircumference vertical and hind leg length were significantly (P&lt;0.05) increased in group 2 as compared to group1. Analysis of recorded data of climatic parameters revealed that average maximum temperature was higher duringJune 2012. The values of THI also were higher in monsoon and post monsoon months hence the practice of sendingcamel calves during relatively comfortable part of hot and hot humid months was successful in getting good growth.The relative humidity was significantly higher during morning as compared to evening period for all months. TheTHI was significantly lower during morning as compared to evening hours for all months in different climate forwhole year. Economic analysis reveals that the cost of feed per kg body weight gain was quite less in group 2 ascompared to group 1. So the practice of grazing of camel calves during cool hours of day remain profitable forfarmers by looking at the body weight gain and better body conformation in climate change condition.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effect of Aqueous Extracts of Croton Zabensicus and Vernonia amygdalina Leaves as an Antihyperglycemic Agent in an Alloxan Induced Diabetic Albino Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
I. A. Hassan ◽  
I. Abdulraheem ◽  
H. O. Emun ◽  
D. M. Lawal
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Group B ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate

Aims: This study was aimed at investigating the antihyperglycemic effect of a combined extract of Vernonia amygdalina and croton zabensicus compare with a hypoglycemic drug, glibenclamide. Methodology: Twenty 20 experimental animals were used (albino rats); the rats were divided equally into four groups of five rats each; namely A (control), B (glibenclamide 10 mg/kg body weight), C (synergetic treatment 1000 mg/kg body weight), D (synergetic treatment 500 mg/kg of body weight). Diabetes was induced intraperitoneal using Alloxan Monohydrate to all the animals and their blood glucose rise above 200 mg/dl. Results: It was observed that group B and group C treated with glibenclamide (10 mg/kg body weight) and synergetic aqueous extract (1000 mg/kg body weight) show significant decrease in the blood glucose level from 451.75 mg/dl to 64.50 mg/dl and 339.50 mg/dl to 182.50 mg/dl respectively compared with group D with 278.25 mg/dl to 194.75 mg/dl. However, a change was also observed in the body weight of the groups; Group A (Normal control) showed a continuous increase in the body weight, Group B, C and D were observed to have decreased in body weight from induction period, but a steady increase was observed as treatment commences. Conclusion: Hence this combined extract can be used as antihyperglycemic; only that it is slower in remediation compared with the glibenclamide; but without side effect, as may be in the case of most standard drug.

scholarly journals ACACIA SENEGAL BARK EXTRACT IN REGULATION OF HYPOTHYROIDISM: AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Dheeraj Jangid ◽  
Ashok Purohit
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Acacia Senegal ◽  
Standard Drug

Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the thyroid hormone stimulating efficacy of Acacia senegal (Gum Arabic) bark extract in 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroid albino rats.Methods: Ethanolic extract of A. senegal bark was given to PTU-induced hypothyroid albino rats at the dose of 500 mg/kg body weight. The animals were divided into control, PTU, and A. senegal bark extract treated and standard drug Eltroxin-treated groups for 60-day experimentation. The serum thyroxin levels, organ’s weight, and serum biochemistry were carried out.Results: Oral administration of A. senegal bark extract caused a highly significant increase (p≤0.001) in serum triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (T4), and significant changes were also observed in organ’s weight with biochemical parameters as compared to hypothyroid albino rats and results were approximate to the standard drug Eltroxin.Conclusion: These results evaluate that ethanolic extract of A. senegal bark helps to compensate or increases the serum thyroxin level in management of hypothyroidism.

scholarly journals Nephroprotective potential of Neermulli/Nerunjil Kudineer on Cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar albino rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1720-1729
Author(s):  
Noorul Alam ◽  
Gopal V ◽  
Vasanthi C ◽  
Prabal Kumar Manna
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
The Body ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Kidney Weight ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Nerunjil kudineer/Neermulli Kudinner is an official Siddha polyherbal formulation used for the various ailments related to the kidney. Cisplatin is an alkylating agent used in chemotherapy for the treatment of various cancers. Its use is limited due to their nephrotoxicity. In this study nephroprotective effect of Nerunjil kudineer (NK) on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar albino Rats was studied. Male Wistar albino rats were used for this study. Animals were divided into 5 groups (n=6) as control, Cisplatin control (Single dose 7 mg/Kg i.p on the 7th day), Cisplatin with Cystone (p.o), NK200 and NK400 mg/Kg (p.o) for 10 days. At the end of the study, animals were weighed and sacrificed to estimate the relative kidney weight, serum creatinine and Urea. Kidney tissue was estimated for oxidant-antioxidant parameters (MDA, GSH & SOD) and histology study was carried out. Cisplatin reduced body weight and increased kidney weight significantly (P<0.0001). It deprived the renal function by elevating serum creatinine & urea, MDA and reduction in endogenous antioxidants GSH and SOD significantly (P<0.0001). Cisplatin group exhibited focal tubular necrosis and congested blood vessels in histology study. The standard drug Cystone and NK400 significantly increased the body weight, reduced the kidney weight, normalized the kidney function parameters (Serum Cr and Urea), bolstered antioxidant status and showed a trend towards the recovery of histological alterations. NK showed a dose-dependent activity and higher dose, NK400mg /Kg possessed strong nephroprotective activity, which may be due to the efficient antioxidant potential, which reduces lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress induced by cisplatin. The results strongly suggest that Nerunjil kudineer is an effective nephroprotective drug against Cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity.

scholarly journals To Evaluate the Diuretic Activity in Ethanolic Extract of Leaves of Delonix Regia in Wistar Albino Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 959-963
Author(s):  
Jayanthi M K ◽  
Siddamma Amoghimath
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Diuretic Activity ◽  
Delonix Regia ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

To study the diuretic activity in ethanolic extract of leaves of delonix regia in wistar albino rats. After obtaining the permission from the Institutional Ethical Committee (IAEC) Wistar albino rats were randomly selected and divided into 4 groups. The animals were fasted and deprived of food and water 20hrs prior to the experiment. On the day of experimentation, Group 1 negative control received Normal saline (25ml/kg), Group 2 positive control received Furosemide 20mg/kg body weight, and Group 3 received ethanonic extract of delonix regia 100mg/kg and Group 4 received ethanonic extract of delonix regia 200 mg/kg. Delonix regia increase the excretion of sodium and water at the dose of 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg of body weight. The diuretic index is 5.93 and 6.45 at 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg of delonix regia respectively. The diuretic activity if delonix regia 100mg/kg is 0.61 and 0.67 at dose 200mg/kg, which is more than that of negative control but less when compared to positive control. Ethanonic extract of Delonix regia showed significant diuretic activity at both 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg doses.

scholarly journals Effects of Use Myrtle Oil (Myrtus commonis) on Body Weight and Some Blood Parameters in Local Male Rabbits

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-170
Author(s):  
Hawraa Hamed Naji ◽  
Oday Suliaman Khudhair ◽  
Amer Jebur Opyas ◽  
Firas Hussain Kadhim Albawi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Myrtus Communis ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Study was conducted to evaluate the effect of (Myrtus communis) oil on the weight of body and  some Hematological in the local male rabbits. (15) rabbits average (1078-1088 ) gram were divided to  (3) groups, every group  (5) rabbits, group (1) the control gives only (0.2) ml tap water orally, while group (2), (3) gives Myrtle oil  (0.1) ml/kg,(0.2) ml/kg respectively orally for (2) month.  We conducted that the administration of Myrtle oil produces a significance decrease (P˂0.01) at 0.1ml/Kg.B.W. and 0.2ml/Kg.B.W in the body weight, there is a significance increase (P˂ 0.05)  at 0.1ml/Kg.B.W.  in values of RBCs, WBCs, Hb and PCV,  there is a significance decrease (P<0.05) at 0.2ml/Kg.B.W. in values of RBCs,WBCs, Hb and PCV. While there is no significance) P˂ 0.05) in the value of PLT. We concluded that, the administration of Myrtle oil in low dose produces good effects whereas administration of it in high dose produce bad effects in the body functions.

scholarly journals Centella Asiatica Extracts Regulates Aluminium Chloride-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats: Impact on Inflammation, Apoptosis and Biogenic Amine Levels

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Shaik Amjad ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group 1

investigate the therapeutic potential of CA against chronic Aluminium Chloride (AlCl3) exposure induced rats. Wistar albino rats were segregated into four groups: group 1-control rats, group 2-rats received AlCl3 (300 mg/kg body weight, every day orally) for 60 days, rats in group 3-received CA (500 mg/kg body weight, orally) and group 4 rats were initiated with both AlCl3 and CA treatment.

Body composition in vivo. VI. The composition of ewes during prolonged undernutrition

1964 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 771 ◽  
Author(s):  
BA Panaretto
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Fat Reserves ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Group 1

Ten Border Leicester x Merino ewes were divided into two groups on the basis of a initial calculation of their body composition. Group 1 comprised a group of six moderately fat ewes (fat content < 25% body weight), and group 2 four very fat ewes (fat content >40% body weight). The ewes were undernourished by feeding progressively diminishing quantities of a mixture of lucerne chaff and oats (1:1) until group 1 had lost 38.7 and group 2 33.7% of their initial weight in 150–200 days. Feed intakes and wool growth of the sheep were recorded and calculations were made of the body composition in terms of total body water, fat, protein, and ash as undernutrition progressed. Thiocyanate spaces, haematocrit values, and plasma, blood, and red cell volumes were also measured. Generally the ewes in group 1 exhibited a starvation syndrome which was characterized by the gradual depletion of the fat and protein reserves of the body until fat reserves had been almost completely used. Thiocyanate spaces in these ewes expanded relative to body weight, and the circulatory parameters showed a progressive shrinkage of the red cell volume while plasma volume was maintained. The ewes in group 2 differed markedly in their reaction to undernutrition in that three out of the four passed, after a time, into a phase of inappetence and died while still in a very fat condition.

scholarly journals Anti-diabetic and acute toxicity studies of Annona squamosa L. ethanolic leaves extract.

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah - Saeed ◽  
Mansoor Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Annona Squamosa ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Body Weight Dose

<p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p>Aim of this research work was to explore the anti-diabetic activity and acute toxicity of <em>Annona squamosa </em>L. leaves ethanolic extract in albino rats and mice respectively.</p><p>Diabetes was induced by Alloxan (120 mg/kg). Seven rats were taken in each group. Glibenclaimide (0.25 mg/kg) was taken as the standard drug. <em>A. squamosa</em> was administered orally in 100mg, 200mg and 400mg doses in three different groups of diabetes- induced rats. <em>A. squamosa</em> leaves extracts were found to have significant anti-diabetic activity.</p><p>Acute toxicity study was carried out on administration of 800mg/kg, 1600mg/kg and 5000 mg/kg body weight. No acute toxicity was observed at 800mg/kg and 1600mg/kg doses. At 5000mg/kg body weight dose 100% fatality was recorded within 24 hours.</p><p>Our research work revealed the safe and effective anti-diabetic activity of <em>Annona squamosa</em> ethanolic leaves extract. </p>

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