scholarly journals ASPECTS OF UTILIZATION AND LIMITATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN DRUG SAFETY

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
SUJITH T ◽  
CHAKRADHAR T ◽  
SRAVANI MARPAKA ◽  
SOWMINI K
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Drug Safety ◽  
Real World ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Human Intelligence ◽  
Case Processing ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Near Future

Previously, it was thought that computers cannot perform the works on its own and need the human intelligence but now it is possible with the help of artificial intelligence (AI). AI has the potential to impact nearly every aspect of medical science. As pharmacovigilance (PV) deals with data concerning drug safety, it is being considered the field to be enormously transforming in near future with the emergence of AI. This article explores and gives an overall review of the researches done to implement AI technologies in PV activities. Among many of the PV activities, case processing is the most resource-consuming area, and signal detection is considered to be a poorly functioning area due to various limitations. Introducing AI will potentially fulfill the limitations in these areas and help us to use the resources in a focused way to get the real-world risk-benefit ratio for a better understanding of the safety profile of drugs and to take timely action for the well-being of people.

scholarly journals A Survey on Bias and Fairness in Machine Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Ninareh Mehrabi ◽  
Fred Morstatter ◽  
Nripsuta Saxena ◽  
Kristina Lerman ◽  
Aram Galstyan
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Real World ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Discriminatory Behavior ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Different Sources

With the widespread use of artificial intelligence (AI) systems and applications in our everyday lives, accounting for fairness has gained significant importance in designing and engineering of such systems. AI systems can be used in many sensitive environments to make important and life-changing decisions; thus, it is crucial to ensure that these decisions do not reflect discriminatory behavior toward certain groups or populations. More recently some work has been developed in traditional machine learning and deep learning that address such challenges in different subdomains. With the commercialization of these systems, researchers are becoming more aware of the biases that these applications can contain and are attempting to address them. In this survey, we investigated different real-world applications that have shown biases in various ways, and we listed different sources of biases that can affect AI applications. We then created a taxonomy for fairness definitions that machine learning researchers have defined to avoid the existing bias in AI systems. In addition to that, we examined different domains and subdomains in AI showing what researchers have observed with regard to unfair outcomes in the state-of-the-art methods and ways they have tried to address them. There are still many future directions and solutions that can be taken to mitigate the problem of bias in AI systems. We are hoping that this survey will motivate researchers to tackle these issues in the near future by observing existing work in their respective fields.

scholarly journals Real World of Artificial Intelligence - A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Amandeep Kaur ◽  
Madhu Dhiman ◽  
Mansi Tonk ◽  
Ramneet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Face Recognition ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Real World ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Human Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence is the combination of machine and human intelligence, which are in research trends from the last many years. Different Artificial Intelligence programs have become capable of challenging humans by providing Expert Systems, Neural Networks, Robotics, Natural Language Processing, Face Recognition and Speech Recognition. Artificial Intelligence brings a bright future for different technical inventions in various fields. This review paper shows the general concept of Artificial Intelligence and presents an impact of Artificial Intelligence in the present and future world.

scholarly journals Beyond artificial intelligence: exploring artificial wisdom

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 993-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilip V. Jeste ◽  
Sarah A. Graham ◽  
Tanya T. Nguyen ◽  
Colin A. Depp ◽  
Ellen E. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Human Intelligence ◽  
Developmental Models ◽  
Ethical Behaviors ◽  
Computer Scientists ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Artificial Wisdom ◽  
Health Experts

ABSTRACTBackground:The ultimate goal of artificial intelligence (AI) is to develop technologies that are best able to serve humanity. This will require advancements that go beyond the basic components of general intelligence. The term “intelligence” does not best represent the technological needs of advancing society, because it is “wisdom”, rather than intelligence, that is associated with greater well-being, happiness, health, and perhaps even longevity of the individual and the society. Thus, the future need in technology is for artificial wisdom (AW).Methods:We examine the constructs of human intelligence and human wisdom in terms of their basic components, neurobiology, and relationship to aging, based on published empirical literature. We review the development of AI as inspired and driven by the model of human intelligence, and consider possible governing principles for AW that would enable humans to develop computers which can operationally utilize wise principles and result in wise acts. We review relevant examples of current efforts to develop such wise technologies.Results:AW systems will be based on developmental models of the neurobiology of human wisdom. These AW systems need to be able to a) learn from experience and self-correct; b) exhibit compassionate, unbiased, and ethical behaviors; and c) discern human emotions and help the human users to regulate their emotions and make wise decisions.Conclusions:A close collaboration among computer scientists, neuroscientists, mental health experts, and ethicists is necessary for developing AW technologies, which will emulate the qualities of wise humans and thus serve the greatest benefit to humanity. Just as human intelligence and AI have helped further the understanding and usefulness of each other, human wisdom and AW can aid in promoting each other’s growth

Artificial Intelligence Surpassing Human Intelligence: Factual or Hoax

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Khanam ◽  
Safdar Tanweer ◽  
Syed Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Human Intelligence ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Trending Topics ◽  
Near Future

Abstract Artificial intelligence is one of the most trending topics in the field of Computer Science which aims to make machines and computers ‘smart’. There are multiple diverse technical and specialized research associated with it. Due to the accelerating rate of technological changes, artificial intelligence has taken over a lot of human jobs and is giving excellent results that are more efficient and effective, than humans. However, a lot of time there has been a concern about the following: will artificial intelligence surpass human intelligence in the near future? Are computers’ ever accelerating abilities to outpace human jobs and skills a matter of concern? The different views and myths on the subject have made it even a more than just a topic of discussion. In this research paper, we will study the existing facts and literature to understand the true definitions of artificial intelligence (AI) and human intelligence (HI) by classifying each of its types separately and analyzing the extent of their full capabilities. Later, we will discuss the possibilities if AI eventually can replace human jobs in the market. Finally, we will synthesize and summarize results and findings of why artificial intelligence cannot surpass human intelligence completely in the future.

The Coming Political

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Gregg
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Striking Feature ◽  
Genetic Enhancement ◽  
Human Intelligence ◽  
Emergent Properties ◽  
Neural Function ◽  
Distributed Intelligence ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Compare And Contrast

Abstract Intelligence is the human being’s most striking feature. There is no consensually held scientific understanding of intelligence. The term is no less indeterminate in the sphere of artificial intelligence. Definitions are fluid in both cases. But technical applications and biotechnical developments do not wait for scientific clarity and definitional precision. The near future will bring significant advances in technical and biotechnical areas, including the genetic enhancement of human intelligence (HI) as well as artificial intelligence (AI). I show how developments in both areas will challenge human communities in various ways and that the danger of AI is distinctly political. The argument develops in six steps. (1) I compare and contrast artificial with human intelligence in general and (2) AI with HI genetically modified. Then I correlate and differentiate (3) emergent properties and distributed intelligence, both natural and artificial, as well as (4) neural function, both natural and artificial. (5) Finally, I identify the specifically political capabilities I see in HI and (6) political dangers that AI poses to them.

scholarly journals Artificial intelligence in dentistry and its future

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 082-086
Author(s):  
Priyankar Roy ◽  
Lalith Vivekanand ◽  
Gurman Preet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Human Intelligence ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Patient Care ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Decision Making Processes

Technology is evolving every day and the latest trends in Artificial Intelligence have made dental procedures less time consuming and minimally invasive. With their application the decision making processes have become easier and faster. Patients are more comfortable and dentists are more confident about their work. This advent of technology into medical science has made both practitioners and their patients comfortable and confident about the treatment rendered and received. The use of machine learning has made the decision making process easier by stimulating human intelligence into the machines that are programmed to think like humans and mimic their actions. Artificial Intelligence has proved itself to be a boon in the field of dentistry. In future AI based comprehensive care systems are expected to have high quality patient care and help researchers know and treat more about diseases. Even though misconceptions and certain limitations about Artificial Intelligence prevails, it still continues to flourish due to its advantages in providing precision.

Practical Issues in Human and Artificial Intelligence Interaction

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-53
Author(s):  
Arthur Kordon
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Real World ◽  
Human Intelligence ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
Large Corporations

The chapter will focus on some practical issues in human and AI interaction based on the experience of applying AI in several large corporations. The following issues will be discussed: weaknesses of human intelligence, weaknesses of AI, benefits of human intelligence from AI, negative effects of AI on human intelligence, resistance of human intelligence toward AI, and how to improve the interaction between human and artificial intelligence. The discussed issues will be illustrated with examples from real-world applications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document