scholarly journals FORMULATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF AMLODIPINE GASTRORETENTIVE FLOATING TABLETS USING A COMBINATION OF HYDROPHILIC AND HYDROPHOBIC POLYMERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas T. Alhamdany ◽  
Ali Khidher Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Zero Order ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Floating Tablets ◽  
Hydrophobic Polymers ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Floating Tablet

Objective: The aim of this study was to formulate a developed floating tablet of amlodipine using different concentrations and types of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers to be conserved in the stomach for modulating solubility and bioavailability, diminishes drug waste and decline side effects.Methods: Through this study, eleven innovative formulations of amlodipine floating tablets were prepared [mixture of amlodipine, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) E50, HPMC K100M, ethylcellulose (EC) 5 mp. a. s.] by direct compression method. The pre-compressed mixtures were then evaluated for numerous parameters such as angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, Carr's compressibility index and Hausner's ratio. After compression, tablets were subjected to several tests like; floating behavior of tablets, tablet thickness, hardness test, friability test, weight variation, in vitro dissolution test. In addition, the optimum formulation was evaluated for Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) tests. Results: From in vitro dissolution tests and kinetic assessments; F8 was selected as an optimum formula, depending on the R2 value of zero order kinetics (0.9915) and (n) value of Korsmeyer-Peppas (0.9635) which indicate purely relaxation zero order kinetic with good delaying in drug release that was reached to 14 h.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the developed formulation of a certain combination of low viscosity grades of HPMC and EC was considered an efficient floating tablet.

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF PROCHLORPERAZINE MALEATE SUSTAINED RELEASE FLOATING TABLET

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdulameer Albadry ◽  
Wedad K. Ali ◽  
Fouad A. Al-saady
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Interaction ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Compressibility Index ◽  
Floating Drug Delivery ◽  
Tap Density ◽  
Floating Tablet ◽  
Optimum Formula

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to formulate once daily sustained oral release floating tablet of prochlorperazine maleate, this floating tablet has many advantages like reduction in dosing frequency, increase bioavailability, enhance patient compliance, and improve drug solubility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The prochlorperazine maleate floating tablets were formulated by using hydrophilic swellable polymer and gas generating agent. In this study, 15 formulas were prepared with many variables in order to achieve an optimum dissolution and floating behaviour for the floating tablet. The all prepared formulas were tested for bulk density, tap density, angle of repose, Carr's Index, thickness, weight variation, hardness, friability, drug content, <em>in vitro</em> dissolution test, <em>in vitro </em>buoyancy, and swelling index.</p><p class="Default"><strong>Results: </strong>Formula (F2) that contain 55% (w/w) <a href="https://www.google.iq/url?sa=t&amp;rct=j&amp;q=&amp;esrc=s&amp;source=web&amp;cd=3&amp;ved=0ahUKEwjh383ow9LPAhWF6RQKHRChCVgQFggpMAI&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ulprospector.com%2Fen%2Fna%2FFood%2FDetail%2F895%2F563462%2FBenecel-Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose-HPMC-K4M&amp;usg=AFQjCNGgfyJECkumK5cpU_6luVwwJ2fKxA&amp;bvm=bv.135258522,d.d24">hydroxypropyl methylcellulose</a> k4M (HPMCK4M), 5 % (w/w) sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO<sub>3</sub>) have acceptable flow properties and compressibility index and good physical properties with floating lag time (16±0.57) seconds and total floating time (32±0.29) h with 100% release of prochlorperazine maleate at the end of 24 h. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) study of optimum formula (F2) showed no chemical interaction between the drug and the excipients that used in the formula.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It can be concluded that that the selected formula (F2) can be a promising formula for the preparation of gastro retentive floating drug delivery systems of prochlorperazine maleate.</p>

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FENOVERINE FLOATING TABLETS

2021 ◽  
pp. 175-180
Author(s):  
RASHMITHA V ◽  
MADHUSUDAN RAO Y ◽  
PAVANI S
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Release Time ◽  
Floating Tablets ◽  
Dissolution Studies ◽  
Weight Variation

Objective: The purpose of this research was to develop a fenoverine gastroretentive drug delivery system which, following oral administration should have the ability to enhance and prolong the period of gastric residence time (GRD) with the desired in vitro release profile. Methods: In the present study, fenoverine floating tablets were prepared using an effervescent method using sodium bicarbonate and citric acid as a gas-generating agent. The tablets were formulated using direct compression technology using xanthan gum and sodium alginate as polymers. Pre-compression powders were evaluated for angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, Carr’s index, and Hausner’s ratio, and the prepared tablets were evaluated for weight variation, thickness, diameter, hardness, friability, drug content, floating lag time, total floating time, and in vitro dissolution studies. The formulations were optimized for the different concentrations of xanthan gum, sodium alginate, and their combinations. Results: All the prepared formulations showed well in vitro buoyancy. The tablets remained buoyant for 6–12 h. The in vitro drug-release pattern of fenoverine floating tablets was adapted to different kinetic models with the highest regression to zero-order and Korsmeyer-Peppas, and the mechanism was found to be a Fickian mechanism. Conclusion: Out of all the formulations prepared, in vitro dissolution studies of the F4 formulation were found to be maximum than other batches, which exhibited desired sustained release time followed by acceptable floating properties.

scholarly journals Formulation and evaluation of bi-layer floating tablets of ziprasidone HCl and trihexyphenidyl HCl

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sathis Kumar Dinakaran ◽  
Santhos Kumar ◽  
David Banji ◽  
Harani Avasarala ◽  
Venkateshwar Rao
Keyword(s):  
Sustained Release ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Matrix Tablets ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Floating Tablets ◽  
Ir Studies ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
The Matrix

The purpose of this research study was to establish ziprasidone HCl NR 40 mg and trihexyphenidyl HCl SR 4mg in the form of bi-layer sustained release floating tablets. The tablets were prepared using sodium HPMC K4M / HPMC K15M as bio-adhesive polymers and sodium bicarbonate acting as a floating layer. Tablets were evaluated based on different parameters such as thickness, hardness, friability, weight variation, in vitro dissolution studies, content of active ingredient and IR studies. The physico-chemical properties of the finished product complied with the specifications. In vitro release from the formulation was studied as per the USP XXIII dissolution procedure. The formulations gave a normal release effect followed by sustained release for 12 h which indicates bimodal release of ziprasidone HCl from the matrix tablets. The data obtained was fitted to Peppas models. Analysis of n values of the Korsmeyer equation indicated that the drug release involved non-diffusional mechanisms. By the present study, it can be concluded that bi-layer tablets of ziprasidone HCl and trihexyphenidyl HCl will be a useful strategy for extending the metabolism and improving the bioavailability of Ziprasidone HCl and Trihexyphenidyl HCl.

scholarly journals Design, Development and Evaluation of Instant Release Oral Thin Films of Flunarizine

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asfiya Fatima ◽  
Mamatha Tirunagari ◽  
Divya Theja Chilekampalli
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Accelerated Stability

The main objective of the present study was to prepare and evaluate the instant release oral thin films of Flunarizine, in order to enhance the bioavailability of the drug and to provide rapid onset of action thereby improving patient compliance. The instant release oral thin films of Flunarizine were prepared by solvent casting method using film forming polymer like Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose E-15. The film was evaluated for various physicochemical parameters that include thickness, weight variation, folding endurance, tensile strength, drug content and in vitro drug release studies. No differences were observed in in vitro dissolution of drug from the formulated film F1-F9 as the film instantly gets wet by dissolution medium. The drug release for F5 formulations was about 98.1%. The accelerated stability studies for the optimized film formulations F5 were performed that indicates that the formulated instant release oral thin films were unaffected after initial and 3 months storage under accelerated conditions.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT, FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MECLOFENAMATE FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Mahipal Shakkarwal ◽  
Dr. Mukesh Sharma ◽  
Dr. Ram Garg ◽  
Shankar Lal Soni ◽  
Gopal Kumar Paswan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Dissolution Time ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Suitable Treatment ◽  
The Stability

The demands for fast dissolving tablets have received ever increasing day by day during the last 10-15 years for the onset of action. In the present study, the effect of superdisintegrant was compared with synthetic super disintegrants and other conventional super disintegrants in the of fast dissolving tablet formulation of Meclofenamate. Meclofenamate is an antihypertensive drug and in case of hypertension immediate treatment is required so the proposed investigation is totally based to provide the suitable treatment for hypertension. In the present work 9 formulations of Fast dissolving tablets of Cilnidipine were prepared by using Synthesized Co-proceed was evaluated and compiles with the official standards, parameters and specifications. Various formulations were prepared using four different superdisintegrant namely- kyron T-304, sodium starch glycolate, cross carmelose sodium with three concentrations (2%, 4%, 6%) by direct compression method. The blend was evaluated for pre-compression parameters like Angle of repose , bulk density , tapped density , and then tablet  evaluated post-compression parameters like thickness , drug content , hardness , weight variation  , wetting time , friability , disintegration time , dissolution time, drug release study. Formulation A8 showed the lowest disintegration time and in-vitro dissolution studies recorded that formulation A8 showed 98.64% drug release at the end of 3 minutes. The best formulations were also found to be stable and optimized formulations were subjected to the stability studies as per ICH guideline and standards.

scholarly journals Formulation, Evaluation and Optimization of Orodispersible Tablets of Naproxen sodium by using Superdisintegrant

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4-s) ◽  
pp. 462-468
Author(s):  
Mohd. Razi Ansari ◽  
Sumer Singh ◽  
M.A. Quazi ◽  
Yaasir Ahmed Ansari ◽  
Jameel Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Patient Compliance ◽  
Naproxen Sodium ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Drug Dissolution ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Weight Variation

Among the different type of route of administration oral route for drug administration is most common route in which Orodispersible tablet is preferred for the patient which are unconscious, week or for immediate control. The tablet gets dispersed in mouth cavity without water, present study deals with formulation of Naproxen sodium mouth dissolving tablets using super disintegrants. Naproxen sodium is analgesic and NSAID, used for the treatment of pain and inflammation caused by different condition such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and menstrual cramps. However gastric discomfort caused by naproxen sodium result in poor patient compliance associated with it conventional doses form but now days Naproxen sodium MDTs produces rapid onset of action and minimise gastric discomfort associated with it. Thus improves patient compliance, enhance bioavailability and reduces the dose of drug. MDTs are formulated by direct compression method using super disintegrants in different proportion. The powder blend is subjected to pre-compression evaluation parameters like bulk density, true density, and tapped density and angle of repose. Formulations are evaluated for weight variation, hardness, wetting time, water absorption time, disintegration time. And in vitro dissolution studies and all formulations complies Pharmacopoeias standards. The tablets are evaluated and result compared for all five formulation the most efficacious super disintegrants for MTDs of Naproxen sodium as suggested by the dispersion time, disintegration time and drug dissolution profiles. Keywords: - MDT, Naproxen Sodium, crosscarmellose Sodium, Sodium starch glycolate, Cross-povidone.

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ORAL DISINTEGRATING FILM OF ATENOLOL

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Sanjay P ◽  
Vishal Gupta N ◽  
Gowda Dv ◽  
Praveen Sivadasu
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Surface Ph ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Folding Endurance ◽  
Drug Polymer Interaction ◽  
Oral Films

Objective: The main objective of the study was to formulate the oral disintegrating films loaded with atenolol by solvent-casting method and to carry out its evaluation studies.Methods: The films were prepared using the film-forming hydrophilic polymer like hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (E-5) and super disintegrant like pectin in various proportions.The formulated oral films were characterized for Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and morphological evaluations. Various physicochemical parameters such as weight variation, folding endurance, surface pH, in vitro disintegration, and in vitro dissolution studies were carried out.Results: FTIR studies revealed that there was no drug-polymer interaction. The morphological evaluation of films showed that all the films were homogenous and transparent. The folding endurance test ensured that the films had sufficient brittleness and by weight variation test, it was inferred that all the films were within the deviation. The surface pH study showed the pH of the films was around neutral pH. The drug was well distributed in all the films. The films disintegrated within 120 s and the fastest being disintegrated in 30 s. Based on all the evaluation parameters, F6 had shown optimal performance and remarkable increase in drug release of 94.38% in 2 min.Conclusion: Thus, formulated oral disintegrating films can be termed as an alternative approach to deliver atenolol.

scholarly journals Use of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers for the development of controlled release tizanidine matrix tablets

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 799-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Ali ◽  
Muhammad Harris Shoaib ◽  
Rabia Ismail Yousuf ◽  
Sabahat Jabeen ◽  
Iyad Naeem Muhammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Vitro Release

The aim of the present study was to develop tizanidine controlled release matrix. Formulations were designed using central composite method with the help of design expert version 7.0 software. Avicel pH 101 in the range of 14-50% was used as a filler, while HPMC K4M and K100M in the range of 25-55%, Ethylcellulose 10 ST and 10FP in the range of 15 - 45% and Kollidon SR in the range of 25-60% were used as controlled release agents in designing different formulations. Various physical parameters including powder flow for blends and weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability, disintegration time and in-vitro release were tested for tablets. Assay of tablets were also performed as specified in USP 35 NF 32. Physical parameters of both powder blend and compressed tablets such as compressibility index, angle of repose, weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability, disintegration time and assay were evaluated and found to be satisfactory for formulations K4M2, K4M3, K4M9, K100M2, K100M3, K100M9, E10FP2, E10FP9, KSR2, KSR3 & KSR9. In vitro dissolution study was conducted in 900 ml of 0.1N HCl, phosphate buffer pH 4.5 and 6.8 medium using USP Apparatus II. In vitro release profiles indicated that formulations prepared with Ethocel 10 standard were unable to control the release of drug while formulations K4M2, K100M9, E10FP2 & KSR2 having polymer content ranging from 40-55% showed a controlled drug release pattern in the above mentioned medium. Zero-order drug release kinetics was observed for formulations K4M2, K100M9, E10FP2 & KSR2. Similarity test (f2) results for K4M2, E10FP2 & KSR2 were found to be comparable with reference formulation K100M9. Response Surface plots were also prepared for evaluating the effect of independent variable on the responses. Stability study was performed as per ICH guidelines and the calculated shelf life was 24-30 months for formulation K4M2, K100M9 and E10FP2.

scholarly journals CINNARIZINE LIQUID SOLID COMPACTS: PREPARATION EVALUATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Sreenivas Patro Sisinthy ◽  
Shubbaneswarei Selladurai
Keyword(s):  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Dissolution Profile ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Dsc Studies ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
R Value

Objective: The objective of this research was to formulate cinnarizine tablets using the liquid-solid compact technique to enhance its solubility and dissolution rate.Methods: Cinnarizine liquid-solid compacts were formulated using propylene glycol as the non-volatile solvent, Neusilin US2 as the carrier material, Aerosil 200 as the coating material and croscarmellose sodium as the disintegrant. The interaction between drug and excipients were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies. Different batches of liquid, solid compacts were prepared by using varying carrier-coating excipient ratio and different concentration of liquid medication. Flow parameters such as bulk density, tapped density, Carr’s Index, Hausner’s Ratio as well as an angle of repose were used to test the flowability of the powder blend. The liquid-solid compacts were produced by direct compression method and were evaluated for tests such as weight variation, drug content, hardness, thickness, friability, wetting time, disintegration time as well as the in vitro dissolution studies.Results: The results of the preformulation studies of liquisolid compacts showed acceptable flow properties. The results of FTIR and DSC studies showed that there is no drug-excipient interactions. The different R values and concentrations were found to have a marked effect on the dissolution profile. Formulations with higher carrier: coating ratio (R-value) and lower drug concentrations displayed a better dissolution profile. The percentage of drug release of F3 with an R-value of 20 and a drug concentration of 10% was found to be 88.11% when compared to the conventional marketed tablet which released only 44.07% at the end of 2 h.Conclusion: From this research, it is inferred that liquid-solid technique is a promising and effective approach that can be used to enhance the dissolution rate of cinnarizine.

scholarly journals Formulation and In-Vitro Evaluation of Sustained Release Matrix Tablets of Domperidone

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Chhitij Thapa ◽  
Roma Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Sustained Release ◽  
Epigastric Pain ◽  
Matrix Tablets ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Wet Granulation ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release ◽  
Weight Variation

INTRODUCTION Domperidone is a unique compound with gastro kinetic and antiemetic effects. It is used in the management of disorder by impaired motility like gastroesophageal reflux (in some instances), gastroparesis, dyspepsia, heartburn, epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, and colonic inertia. The sustained release system is a widely accepted approach for slow drug release over an extended period to address the challenges of conventional oral delivery, including dosing frequency, drug safety, and efficacy. The study aims to formulate a domperidone sustained release tablet and compare the dissolution rate with the marketed formulations. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sustained release matrix tablets of domperidone were prepared by wet granulation method using different polymers such as HPMC K4M, ethyl cellulose, Gum acacia. Pre-compression studies like angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, Carr's index, and Hausner’s ratio, and post-compression studies like weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability, drug content, and in-vitro drug release were evaluated.   RESULTS The release profile of domperidone sustained-release tablets was studied spectrophotometrically. The in-vitro dissolution study suggests the minimum %-cumulative drug release with 98.33% in F5. The %-cumulative drug release was maximum in F3 with 99.69%. The in-vitro drug release of all the formulations was non-significant compared to the marketed formulation (p<0.05), exhibiting the sustained-release property by all the formulations. CONCLUSION The pre-compression study concludes the better flow property of the granules of different formulations. The sustained release domperidone tablets were prepared successfully by the wet granulation method. The post-compression parameters of different formulations were within the acceptable range.

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