scholarly journals PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF ANTIANXIETY ACTIVITY OF DESMOSTACHYA BIPINNATA LEAVES IN ANIMAL MODELS

2017 ◽  
pp. 152-154
Author(s):  
Veena Rani I. ◽  
Kiranmai G. ◽  
Ravi Pratap Pulla
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Pharmacological Evaluation ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
The Family

Objective: Anxiety is a widespread psychiatric disorder affecting around 5% of the population. Furthermore, it is difficult to predict patient’s response to any given treatment. In the traditional systems of medicine, many plants have been used to treat anxiety and depression for thousands of years. Desmostachyabipinnata belongs to the family Poaceae, have pharmacological actions like dysentery and menorrhagia, and as a diuretic. The present study was designed to evaluate the antianxiety activity of the alcoholic and aqueous extracts of Desmostachyabipinnata leaves in rodents.Methods: Antianxiety activity was screened by different methods like elevated plus maze model and actophotometer.Results: The results infer that reduced aversion fear elicits anti-anxiety activity.Conclusion: It was concluded that alcoholic and aqueous extracts of Desmostachyabipinnata leaves are having anti-anxiety activity among which alcoholic extract of Desmostachyabipinnata leaves showing more significant activity over the aqueous extract. 

scholarly journals Evaluation of anxiolytic potential of Cichorium Intybus methanolic root extracts

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
S.Tripathy ◽  
N.K.S Neeraja
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Cichorium Intybus ◽  
Significant Alteration ◽  
Anticipatory Anxiety ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
The Family

Cichorium Intybus L. is a medicinally important plant that belongs to the family Asteraceae. The plant root is used as anti-hepatotoxic, antiulcerogenic, antiinflammatory, appetizer, digestive, stomachic, liver tonic, cholagogue, cardiotonic, depurative, diuretic, emmenagogue, febrifuge, alexeteric and also as tonic. The present study was carried to screen the anxiolytic potential of Cichorium Intybus L methanolic root extracts by using different animal models like  actophotometer, rotarod, staircase, holeboard, elevated plus maze tests . In the experiment the extracts found to decrease the anticipatory anxiety of the animal without significant alteration in motor coordination. Efficacy may be attributed to the presence of different phytochemicals like coumarins, flavonoids in the extracts.

scholarly journals Anxiety And Depressive Effects Of Antiepileptics In Animal Models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasemin Karal ◽  
Mehmet Azizoğlu ◽  
Çetin Hakan Karadağ ◽  
Serap Tevhide Karasalihoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Swimming Test

Aim: Cognitive impairment is frequently observed in epileptic patients. It has been seen that not only epilepsy but antiepileptic drugs also impair cognitive functions. The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of three anticonvulsants Levetiracetam (60 mg/kg, p.o.), Vigabatrin (100 mg/kg, p.o.) and Sodyum Valproat (50 mg/kg, p.o.) on anxiety and depression on animal models of rats. Materials and methods: Elevated plus maze (EPM) and Forced swimming test- Porsolt tests (FST) were carried out after 12th weeks of the lifes of rats those that took the three anticonvülsion therapy administration. Results: The results of the present study indicate that none of the three antikonvülsan drugs taken in childhood period impairs anxiety and depression in adult hood. Conclusion: To conclude, long term administration of Levetiracetam, Vigabatrin and Sodyum Valproat have no effect on the anxiety and depression at adulthood time if epilepsy does not exist.

Effects of Cecropia pachystachya and Larrea divaricata aqueous extracts in mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 601-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
MC Bigliani ◽  
E. Grondona ◽  
PM Zunino ◽  
AA Ponce
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Larrea Divaricata

Our studies were performed to investigate the effects of the aqueous extracts of Cecropia pachystachya and Larrea divaricata. These plants are used in folkloric medicine in infusion and were administered orally (0.76 g/kg) to male Albino Swiss mice for 16 days, on drink intake, organ weight/body weight (OW/BW × 100) ratio, histology, broqueoalveolar fluid (BALF) and elevated plus-maze (EPM). Feeding as well as body weight were unaffected by the consumption of these extracts. There were no signs of toxicity in BALF, morbidity or mortality during the study. C. pachystachya caused an increase in relative kidney OW/BW (p ≤ .05 vs control). The macroscopic and microscopic morphologic analyses of the organs were not altered by administration of these plants. A non-anxiolytic-like activity of an aqueous extract prepared from the leaves of C. pachystachya and L. divaricata in EPM was observed. We conclude that the crude aqueous extracts of leaves tested on mice orally did not produce signs of toxicity or behavioral changes in routine histological and clinical evaluation. However, knowledge of the biological activity of many herbal medicine used in Latin American is still deficient and more studies will be needed to elucidate the possible toxic effects.

Effects of single and combined gabapentin use in elevated plus maze and forced swimming tests

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Sultan Kilic ◽  
Sule Ismailoglu ◽  
Bilgin Kaygisiz ◽  
Setenay Oner
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychiatric Illnesses ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Antidepressant Effects

BackgroundGabapentin, a third-generation antiepileptic drug, is a structural analogue of γ-aminobutyric acid, which is an important mediator of central nervous system. There is clinical data indicating its effectiveness in the treatment of psychiatric illnesses such as bipolar disorder and anxiety disorders.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the antidepressant and anxiolytic-like effects and mechanisms of gabapentin in rats.Material and MethodsFemale Spraque–Dawley rats weighing 250±20 g were used. A total of 13 groups were formed, each containing 8 rats: gabapentin (5, 10, 20, 40 mg/kg), amitriptyline (10 mg/kg), sertraline (5 mg/kg), diazepam (5 mg/kg), ketamine (10 mg/kg), gabapentin 20 mg/kg was also combined with amitriptyline (10 mg/kg), sertraline (5 mg/kg), diazepam (5 mg/kg) and ketamine (10 mg/kg). All the drugs were used intraperitoneally as single dose. Saline was administered to the control group. Elevated plus maze and forced swimming tests were used as experimental models of anxiety and depression, respectively.ResultsIt was observed that gabapentin showed an anxiolytic-like and antidepressant-like effect in all doses in rats. Its antidepressant effect was found to be the same as the antidepressant effects of amitriptyline and sertraline. There was no change in the antidepressant effect when gabapentin was combined with amitriptyline and ketamine, but there was an increase when combined with sertraline and diazepam. Gabapentin and amitriptyline showed similar anxiolytic effect, whereas ketamine and diazepam had more potent anxiolytic effect compared with them.ConclusionsThese data suggest that gabapentin may possess antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects.

Pharmacological evaluation of the anxiolytic-like effects of EMD 386088, a partial 5-HT6 receptor agonist, in the rat elevated plus-maze and Vogel conflict tests

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 253-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Jastrzębska-Więsek ◽  
Agata Siwek ◽  
Anna Partyka ◽  
Monika Kubacka ◽  
Szczepan Mogilski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Pharmacological Evaluation ◽  
Plus Maze

scholarly journals Tamoxifen antagonizes the effects of ovarian hormones to induce anxiety and depression-like behavior in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Azizi-Malekabadi ◽  
Masoume Pourganji ◽  
Hoda Zabihi ◽  
Mohsen Saeedjalali ◽  
Mahmoud Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Sham Group ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Ovarian Hormones ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Ovarian Hormone ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Swimming Test

The effects of tamoxifen (TAM) on anxiety and depression-like behavior in ovariectomized (OVX) and naïve female rats were investigated. The animals were divided into Sham-TAM, OVX-TAM, Sham and OVX groups. Tamoxifen (1 mg/kg) was administered for 4 weeks. In the forced swimming test, the immobility times in the OVX and Sham-TAM groups were higher than in the Sham group. In the open field, the numbers of central crossings in the OVX and Sham-TAM groups were lower than the number in the Sham group, and the number of peripheral crossings in the OVX group was lower than the number in the Sham group. In the elevated plus maze, the numbers of entries to the open arm among the animals in the Sham-TAM and OVX groups were lower than the number in the Sham group, while the number of entries to the open arm in the OVX-TAM group was higher than the number in the OVX group. It was shown that deletion of ovarian hormones induced anxiety and depression-like behavior. Administration of tamoxifen in naïve rats led to anxiety and depression-like behavior that was comparable with the effects of ovarian hormone deletion. It can be suggested that tamoxifen antagonizes the effects of ovarian hormones. It also seems that tamoxifen has anxiolytic effects on ovariectomized rats.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTI-ALZHEIMER ACTIVITY OF ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF COSTUS PICTUS D. DON LEAVES IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
PASHA KHOOSHBU ◽  
IMTIYAZ ANSARI
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Object Recognition Test ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

Objective: The aim was to assess the effect of anti-Alzheimer’s activity of the alcoholic extract of Costus pictus D. Don Leaves in Alzheimer induce Wistar albino rats. Methods: In the present study, the efficacy of an Extract of Costus pictus D. Don (ECPDD) was evaluated against scopolamine-induced Alzheimer in the Wistar albino rat. Donepezil at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg, ECPDD was given in rat at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight, 150 mg/kg body weight, and 200 mg/kg body weight. Anti-Alzheimer activity was assessed by victimization novel object recognition test, elevated plus maze, and Y-maze. And by biochemical test like neurotransmitter esterase activity, catalase activity, malonyldialdehyd and glutathione assays. Results: Results showed that extracts treatment prevents Alzheimer and increases the level of acetylcholine, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and phytochemical studies identified the presence of flavonoid and alkaloid in the ECPDD. Conclusion: According to the results, it was concluded that the leave of C. pictus D. Don has significant anti-Alzheimer activity due to the presence of potent antioxidants such as flavonoid and anticholinesterase enzyme present in alkaloids.

scholarly journals Behavioural and neurochemical characterisation of the anxiolytic properties of an aqueous extract of Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin and Clemants (Chenopodiaceae) in experimental mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 265-276
Author(s):  
Bigued ◽  
Germain Sotoing Taiwe ◽  
Jacqueline Stephanie Kameni Njapdounke ◽  
Joseph Ngaibi ◽  
Yvette Nguezeye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Gaba Concentration ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Brain Gaba

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants (Chenopodiaceae) is a medicinal plant known for its anxiolytic, antidepressant and anticonvulsant activities in Cameroonian folk medicine. Aim of the study: The aim of this work is to evaluate the anxiolytic effects of Dysphania ambrosioides aqueous extracts and investigate its mechanism of action. Materials and methods: Elevated plus maze test and open field test were used for detecting it anxiolytic properties. The possible mechanism of action of the aqueous extracts were investigated after pretreatment of animals with different antagonists of GABAA complex receptors (5 mg/kg N-methyl-β-carboline-3-carboxamide, 4 mg/kg flumazenil or 2 mg/kg bicuculline) 30 minutes prior to the oral administration of 370 mg/kg Dysphania ambrosioides aqueous extract. Results: Dysphania ambrosioides increased the percentage of entries into and percentage of time in open arms, and reduced rearing, head dipping, and percentage of time in closed arms, in the elevated plus maze. It reduced rearing and defecation, and increased crossing, in the open field. In addition, anxiolytic-like properties of Dysphania ambrosioides were blocked by different antagonists of GABAA complex receptors (N-methyl-β-carboline-3-carboxamide, flumazenil or bicuculline) as examined in elevated plus maze test. Finally, the activity of GABA-T activity was inhibited and the brain GABA concentration was increased by the extracts, respectively. Conclusion: These results suggest that Dysphania ambrosioides possess anxiolytic-like properties in mice that might involve an action on benzodiazepine and/or GABA sites in the GABAA receptor complex or by modulating brain GABA concentration in the central nervous system.

Anxiogenic and anxiolytic effects of memantine injected into the ventral hippocampus in male stressed mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sahraei ◽  
Hedayat Sahraei ◽  
Masoomeh Rahimi ◽  
Maryam Khosravi ◽  
Mahin Ganjkhani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Ventral Hippocampus ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Nmda Glutamate Receptors ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Shock Stress

Abstract Objectives The effects of intra-ventral hippocampal memantine administration in male NMRI stressed mice were studied. Methods Two stainless steel gauge 23 guide cannulas were placed in the middle part of the mice ventral hippocampus using stereotaxic coordination. Seven days later, the animals were undergone to the stress protocol as follows: They experience four consecutive electro-foot shock stress sessions lasting for 10 min. Five or 30 min before each stress session, the animals received intra-ventral hippocampal (0.1, 1 and, 5 µg/mouse) or intraperitoneal (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg) memantine respectively. Eight days after stress termination, the animals were tested either for the maintenance of either anxiety (elevated plus maze) or depression (forced swimming test). Results Animals show anxiety eight days after stress termination. Intra-ventral hippocampal infusion of memantine (5 µg/mouse) 5 min before stress inhibited the anxiety-like behaviors. However, other doses of the drug exacerbate the stress effect. The drug, when injected peripherally exacerbated the stress effect in all doses. The drug by itself had no effect. In addition, animals also show depression nine days after stress termination and memantine (0.1, 1, and 5 µg/mouse) reduced the stress effect. The drug (0.1 µg/mouse) by itself induced depression in the animals. However, the drug when injected peripherally reduced the stress effect in all doses. Conclusions It could be concluded that NMDA glutamate receptors in the ventral hippocampus may play a pivotal role in the mediation of maintenance of anxiety and depression induced by stress in the mice.

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