scholarly journals PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTI-MICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF STEMS OF THE PLANT TAGETES ERECTA L. (FAMILY-ASTERACEAE)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Jafar Ali ◽  
Dibyendu Shil
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Tagetes Erecta ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Tagetes Erecta L

Objective: To estimate the anti-microbial activity of ethanolic extract of Tagetes erecta L. (family-Asteraceae) in association with phytochemical analysis.Methods: The ethanolic extract of the stems of TageteseErecta L. was prepared and investigate for phytochemical constituents using standard methods. Antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of has been carried out against one Gram positive bacteria-Staphylococcus aureus and one Gram negative bacteria-Escherichia coli, and the antifungal activity of the plant extract was evaluated on Candida albicans species. The testing was done by the disc diffusion method to visualize the zone of inhibition of ethanolic extract was compared with that of standard drug i.e., Ciprofloxacin for anti-bacterial activity and Terbinafine for anti-fungal activity. The MIC was determined by the microdilution method (Cup-plate method).Results: The present investigation shows the phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic extract of the stems of Tagetes erecta L. Various phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of alkaloids, saponin glycosides, flavonoids, phenol, proteins and amino acids, cardiac glycosides, steroids, tanin and phenolic compounds. The anti-microbial activity of the ethanolic extract of the plant showed significant results against all three of the test organisms in compare to the standard drugs.Conclusion: The present study concluded that ethanolic extract of-of the stems of Tagetes erecta L. Proved the existence of phytochemical constituents. The ethanolic extract of the plant was found to possess promising antimicrobial activity when compared with the standards and it can be useful for the development of the antibiotics.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTI-MICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF DELONIX REGIA (HOOK) RAF. BARK (FAMILY-LEGUMINOSAE)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Bikash Gupta ◽  
Biswajit Dash ◽  
Sujata Paul ◽  
Aditya Bora
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Delonix Regia ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Anti Fungal

Objective: To estimate the anti-microbial activity of ethanolic extract of Delonix regia (Hook.) Raf (family-Leguminosae) in association with phytochemical analysis.Methods: The ethanolic extract of the bark of Delonix regia (Hook.) Raf was prepared and investigate for phytochemical constituents using standard methods. Antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of were carried out against one Gram positive bacteria= Staphylococcus aureus and one Gram negative bacteria= Escherichia coli. The anti-fungal activity of the plant extract was evaluated on Candida albicans. The testing was done by the disc diffusion method. A zone of inhibition of ethanolic extract was compared with that of standard Amikacin for anti-bacterial activities and Fluconazole for anti-fungal activity.Results: The present investigation shows the phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic extract of the bark of Delonix regia (Hook.) Raf. Various phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinone, phenol, terpenes, cardenolides, phlobatannins, tannin, chalcones, steroids. The anti-microbial activity of the ethanolic extract of the plant showed significant results against all three of the test organisms.Conclusion: The present study concluded that ethanolic extract of the bark of Delonix regia (Hook.) Raf contains the high existence of phytochemicals. The ethanolic extract of the plant was found to possess promising antimicrobial activity when compared with the standards.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF DRIED FLOWERS OF ADENIUM OBESUM

2019 ◽  
pp. 34-36
Author(s):  
SIREESHA KALVA ◽  
RAGHUNANDAN N.
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Inhibition Concentration ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Objective: To estimate the antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract of Adenium obesum (family Apocyanaceae) in association with phytochemical analysis. Methods: The methanolic extract of the flowers of Adenium obesum was prepared and investigated for phytochemical constituents using standard methods. Antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract Adenium obesum has been carried out against one gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and one gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and the antifungal activity of the plant extract was evaluated on Candida albicans species. The testing was done by the disc diffusion method to visualize the zone of inhibition of methanolic extract was compared with that of standard drug i.e., Ciprofloxacin for antibacterial activity and Fluconazole for antifungal activity. The minimum inhibition concentration was determined by micro dilution method (cup-plate method). Results: The present investigation shows the phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of alkaloids, saponin glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, proteins and amino acids, cardiac glycosides, steroids, tannin, and phenolic compounds. The anti-microbial activity of the methanolic extract of the plant showed significant results against all the three of the test organisms in compare to the standard drugs. Conclusion: The present study concluded that methanolic extract of the flowers of adenium obesum proved the existence of phytochemical constituents. The methanolic extract of the was found to possess promising antimicrobial activity when compared with the standards and it can be useful for the development of antibiotics.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF WHOLE AERIAL PART OF THE HERB LEUCAS PLUKENETII SPRENG (FAMILY-LAMINACEAE)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Uttam Borah ◽  
Biswajit Dash ◽  
Suvakanta Dash ◽  
Lawrence Kalita
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Leucas Plukenetii Spreng (family-laminaceae) in conjugation with phytochemical analysis.Methods: The ethanolic extract of whole aerial parts of the herb Leucas Plukenetiispreng (family-laminaceae) was prepared and analysed for phytochemical constituents using standard methods. The antimicrobial activity of the plant extract was examined against 2 bacterial strains among one is gram positive and other is gram negative and 2 fungal strains using agar well diffusion method.Results: The present investigation shows the phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic extract of the plant Leucas Plukenetii Spreng. Various phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponin, flavonoids, carbohydrates, glycosides, Steroids, proteins and amino acids and tannins. The antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic extract of the plant showed significant result against all the of the test organisms.Conclusion: The present study concluded that ethanolic extract of whole aerial parts of the Leucas Plukenetii Spreng contains the high presence of phytochemicals. The ethnaolic extract of the plant was found to possess promising antimicrobial activity when compared with the standards.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTI-MICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF FRUITS OF ANNONA RETICULATA AGAINST STANDARD PATHOGENIC STRAINS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Sujata Paul ◽  
Biswajit Dash ◽  
Aditya Jyoti Bora ◽  
Bikash Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Annona Reticulata

Objective: To evaluate the anti-microbial activity of ethanolic extract of fruits of Annona reticulata (family-Annonaceae) in conjugation with phytochemical analysis.Methods: The ethanolic extract of fruits of Annona reticulata (family-Annonaceae) was prepared by Soxhlet extraction and analysed for phytochemical constituents using standard methods. The anti-microbial activity of the plant extract was examined against bacterial strains and fungal strains using disc diffusion method.Results: The present investigation shows the phytochemical analysis, anti-microbial activity of the ethanolic extract of the plant Annona reticulata. Various phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponin, flavonoids, carbohydrates, glycosides, steroids, proteins and amino acids and tannins. The anti-microbial activity of the ethanolic extract of the plant showed significant result against all the of the test organisms.Conclusion: The present study concluded that ethanolic extract of fruits of the Annona reticulata contain high presence of phytochemicals. The ethanolic extract of the plant was found to possess promising anti-microbial activity when compared with the standards.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF DRIED FLOWERS OF ADENIUM OBESUM

2019 ◽  
pp. 34-36
Author(s):  
SIREESHA KALVA ◽  
RAGHUNANDAN N.
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Inhibition Concentration ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Objective: To estimate the antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract of Adenium obesum (family Apocyanaceae) in association with phytochemical analysis. Methods: The methanolic extract of the flowers of Adenium obesum was prepared and investigated for phytochemical constituents using standard methods. Antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract Adenium obesum has been carried out against one gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and one gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and the antifungal activity of the plant extract was evaluated on Candida albicans species. The testing was done by the disc diffusion method to visualize the zone of inhibition of methanolic extract was compared with that of standard drug i.e., Ciprofloxacin for antibacterial activity and Fluconazole for antifungal activity. The minimum inhibition concentration was determined by micro dilution method (cup-plate method). Results: The present investigation shows the phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of alkaloids, saponin glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, proteins and amino acids, cardiac glycosides, steroids, tannin, and phenolic compounds. The anti-microbial activity of the methanolic extract of the plant showed significant results against all the three of the test organisms in compare to the standard drugs. Conclusion: The present study concluded that methanolic extract of the flowers of adenium obesum proved the existence of phytochemical constituents. The methanolic extract of the was found to possess promising antimicrobial activity when compared with the standards and it can be useful for the development of antibiotics.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Antimicrobial Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Tecoma stans and Abutilon indicum Leaves: An In vitro Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 609-615
Author(s):  
M. Binigha ◽  
R. Gayatri Devi ◽  
J. Selavaraj ◽  
A. Jothi Priya
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
The Family ◽  
Abutilon Indicum

Tecoma stans is a flowering plant belonging to the family Bignoniaceae. It is the floral emblem of the Bahamas. Abutilon indicum belongs to the family Malvaceae. It is also called Indian Mallow. Tecoma stans and Abutilon indicumhave antimicrobial activity and can be used in producing antibiotics. There is an urgent need to produce new antibiotics as there is an increase in the development of pathogen resistant drugs. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Tecoma stansand Abutilonindicum leaves. E.faecalis bacteria were maintained in nutrient agar slopes. The powder of the two herbs, were subjected to extraction by Soxhlet extractor and was concentrated to dry residue by Agar well diffusion method. The nutrient broth was inoculated with bacterial strains. The culture was adjusted to 0.5McFarland turbidity standard. Lawn culture was done in Muller-Hinton agar plate and then the plates were dried. A 6 mm diameter well is bored for different concentrations. The extracts were introduced into the well and allowed to stand for 24 hrs. The antibacterial activity was determined by measuring the zone of inhibition. The present finding on the antimicrobial potential of Abutilon indicum and Tecoma stands showed that the two plants have growth inhibitory activity against oral pathogen E. faecalis. Abutilon indicum has a zone of inhibition greater than Tecoma stans. Abutilon indicum exhibited better activity compared to Tecoma stans.

Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Combined Plant Extract of Pyracantha crenulata and Zanthoxylum armatum

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (29) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Semwal Amit Negi Sweta
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Zanthoxylum Armatum ◽  
Plant Extraction

Abstract-Medicinal plants represent an essential source of drugs and have played an important role in healthcaresystem.PyracanthacrenulataandZanthoxylum armatumhave been used as traditional medicine. The main aim of the study was to find the antibacterial activity of the selected plants against bacterialspecies:E.coliandPseudomonasaeruginosa. The solvents used for plant extraction were hexane, chloroform, ethanol and aqueous. The in vitro antimicrobial activity was performed by Agar disk diffusion method. The hexane and aqueous extracts showed moderate activity whereas theethanolicextractsshowedasignificantantibacterial activity. In the study Tetracycline was used as standard. The combined ethanolic extract of both the selected plant showed the synergistic effect on the bacterial strain tested. This leads to the conclusion that the combined effect can have possible application in the development of products as antimicrobial.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening, Mathematical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Methanolic Seed Extract of Hunteria Umbellata

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Oluwaseun Raphael Aderele ◽  
Adekunle Kareem Rasaq ◽  
Johnson Oshiobugie Momoh
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
T Test ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

Aim: The study evaluates the in-vitro antimicrobial activity of Hunteria umbellata against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus sp. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out for three months in 2019 in Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences (Biochemistry unit), School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Lagos State Polytechnic, Ikorodu, Lagos- Nigeria. Methodology: The qualitative and GC-MS analysis of Hunteria umbellata methanolic seed extract were determined using standard procedure. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the disc diffusion method and agar well diffusion method. The experimental data was resampled 1000 times to allow for higher degrees of freedom in carrying out t-test to test for the difference of the effect of in-vitro antimicrobial activity of H. umbellata against E. coli, S. aureus and Streptococcus sp using mathematical software R language (3.6.1 version). Line plots, histogram and t-test are used to explain the effect of antimicrobial activity of H. umbellate on the selected bacteria. MIC and MBC were determined using standard methods. Results: The Phytochemical analysis of methanolic seed extract of Hunteria umbellata showed the presence of secondary metabolites like saponins, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, phenol among others. GC-MS assay of the H. umbellata seed extract revealed the presence of eight different compounds. Agar well diffusion method was characterized by inhibition zones of 18.36±0.87, 19.13±1.03 and 21.62±2.53 mm for E.coli, S. aureus and Streptococcus sp respectively at 300 mg/ml-1 and 21.70± 1.60, 23.83± 2.64 and 28.57± 1.52 for E.coli, S. aureus and Streptococcus sp respectively at 500 mg/ml. The results of the analysis show that there is a significant difference between the effects of in-vitro antimicrobial activity of H. umbellate on 3001 and 500 mg/ml on each bacteria tested at 5% level of significance. E.coli, S. aureus and Streptococcus sp were tested against 12 standard antimicrobial agents, of which six was sensitive and another six was resistance to E .coli, seven was sensitive, and five was resistance to S. aureus while four was resistance and eight sensitive to Streptococcus sp. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for E.coli, S. aureus, and  Streptococcus sp were 250, 125 and 31.25 mgml-1 while their minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were 500, 250 and 125 respectively. MIC and MBC tests showed that H. umbellata methanolic seed extract had noticeable bactericidal effects with MBC/MIC values ranging between 2 to 4. The extract has strong potency against these microorganisms with Streptococcus sp being the most susceptible. Conclusions: Hunteria umbellata has potential as natural therapeutic agents against E. coli, S. aureus and Streptococcus sp and they may prevent pathogenic diseases.

Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis and its Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activitiy of Leaf Extract of Justicia Adhatoda

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Antibacterial Study ◽  
Antibacterial Screening ◽  
Justicia Adhatoda

Justicia Adhatoda is one of the medicinal plant native to Asia that is widely used in antidiabetic, anti inflammatory, antibacterial properties, treatment of cough and other respiratory ailments. In the present study, few steps procedure method was used to extract the major compound in the leaves.From the leaf extracts, phytochemical tests, measurement of antioxidant activity andantibacterial activities were studied. The results showed that the ethanol leaf extracts contains Phenols, Flavonoids, Tannis, Alkaloids and Saponins. The antioxidant activitywas evaluated in-vitro by radical scavenging DPPH, FRAP and H2O2 method and the disc diffusion method was employed for the antibacterial study on Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, E.coli using chloramphinicol antibiotic as standard. Antibacterial screening showed that the maximum zone of inhibition for ethanolic extract against E.Coli is around 1.35 cm.

In vitro antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of fruits of Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry - An important medicinal Plant

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-140
Author(s):  
Duraisamy Kayal Vizhi ◽  
◽  
Kokkaiah Irulandi ◽  
Palanichamy Mehalingam ◽  
Natarajan Nirmal Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

The fruit of Syzygium aromaticum is an important medicinal plant was subjected to phytochemical screening and antimicrobial effect of methanol, ethyl acetate and acetone extracts. Antimicrobial activity was analyzed by agar well diffusion method against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The phytochemical analysis carried out revealed the presence of alkaloids, coumarins, catechins, flavanoids, phenols, saponins, terpenoids, tannins and steroids in various solvent extracts. Methanol extract of S. aromaticum showed good antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staohylococcus aureus. It has been showed that the methanol extracts had wider range of activity on these organisms than the acetone and ethyl acetate extracts, which indicates that the methanol extracts of selected plants may contain the active components. The use of plant extracts with known antimicrobial properties can be of great significance in therapeutic treatments.

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