scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Antimicrobial Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Tecoma stans and Abutilon indicum Leaves: An In vitro Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 609-615
Author(s):  
M. Binigha ◽  
R. Gayatri Devi ◽  
J. Selavaraj ◽  
A. Jothi Priya
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
The Family ◽  
Abutilon Indicum

Tecoma stans is a flowering plant belonging to the family Bignoniaceae. It is the floral emblem of the Bahamas. Abutilon indicum belongs to the family Malvaceae. It is also called Indian Mallow. Tecoma stans and Abutilon indicumhave antimicrobial activity and can be used in producing antibiotics. There is an urgent need to produce new antibiotics as there is an increase in the development of pathogen resistant drugs. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Tecoma stansand Abutilonindicum leaves. E.faecalis bacteria were maintained in nutrient agar slopes. The powder of the two herbs, were subjected to extraction by Soxhlet extractor and was concentrated to dry residue by Agar well diffusion method. The nutrient broth was inoculated with bacterial strains. The culture was adjusted to 0.5McFarland turbidity standard. Lawn culture was done in Muller-Hinton agar plate and then the plates were dried. A 6 mm diameter well is bored for different concentrations. The extracts were introduced into the well and allowed to stand for 24 hrs. The antibacterial activity was determined by measuring the zone of inhibition. The present finding on the antimicrobial potential of Abutilon indicum and Tecoma stands showed that the two plants have growth inhibitory activity against oral pathogen E. faecalis. Abutilon indicum has a zone of inhibition greater than Tecoma stans. Abutilon indicum exhibited better activity compared to Tecoma stans.

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL AND IN VIVO WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC AND ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACTS OF ABUTILON INDICUM ROOT

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (04) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
K Ravishankar ◽  
G.V.N Kiranmayi ◽  
J. M. Sruthi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Wound Healing Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts ◽  
Abutilon Indicum

The present study was aimed at comparing the in vivo wound healing and in vitro antibacterial activity of Abutilon indicum roots. Wound healing is a complex phenomenon which consists of three stages inflammatory, proliferative, and remodelling. Traditionally, A. indicum is used for wound healing. There is no specific scientific data available for the wound healing activity of Abutilon indicum root. The present study was designed to investigate the same. The wound healing activity of ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of A. indicum was evaluated in incision and burn wound models. The parameters studied include tensile strength, epithelialisation period and rate of wound contraction. A. indicum also possesses antimicrobial activity. Ethyl acetate and ethanolic extract of A. indicum was tested against both Gram positive, Gram negative and fungal organisms using agar well diffusion method. From the results, it was concluded that ethyl acetate extract of A. indicum root had greater wound activity and antimicrobial activity than the ethanolic extract.

scholarly journals Phytochemical investigation and in vitro antimicrobial activity of Richardia scabra

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathirvel Poonkodi ◽  
Subban Ravi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Agar Plug ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Simple Sugar

<p class="Abstract">The present study was aimed to evaluate the phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of the petroleum ether and methanol extracts from the mature leaves of <em>Richardia scabra</em> from India. Disc diffusion method was used to determine the zone inhibition of the tested samples for antibacterial and agar plug method was used to determine the antifungal activity, while the microtube-dilution technique was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration. Both extracts showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activities when tested against 10 bacterial and four fungal strains. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the methanol extract of<em> R. scabra</em> ranged between 12.5–100 μg/mL for bacterial strains. Alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, fatty acids, terpenoids and simple sugar were detected as phytoconstituents of extracts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report against antimicrobial activity of common weed species <em>R. scabra</em> found in India.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Evaluating the Antimicrobial Activity of Commercially Available Herbal Toothpastes on Microorganisms Associated with Diabetes Mellitus

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 924-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reena Kulshrestha ◽  
J Kranthi ◽  
P Krishna Rao ◽  
Feroz Jenner ◽  
V Abdul Jaleel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method

ABSTRACT Aim The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of commercially available herbal toothpastes against the different periodontopathogens. Materials and methods Six herbal toothpastes that were commonly commercially available were included in the study. Colgate herbal, Babool, Meswak, Neem active, Dabur red toothpastes were tested for the study whereas sterile normal saline was used as control. Antimicrobial efficacies of dentifrices were evaluated against Streptococcus mutans and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. The antimicrobial properties of dentifrices were tested by measuring the maximum zone of inhibition at 24 hours on the Mueller Hinton Agar media inoculated with microbial strain using disk diffusion method. Each dentifrice was tested at 100% concentration (full strength). Results The study showed that all dentifrices selected for the study were effective against the entire test organism but to varying degree. Neem active tooth paste gave a reading of 25.4 mm as the zone of inhibition which was highest amongst all of the test dentifrices. Colgate Herbal and Meswak dentifrices recorded a larger maximum zone of inhibition, measuring 23 and 22.6 mm respectively, compared to other toothpastes. All other dentifrices showed the zone of inhibition to be between 17 and 19 mm respectively. Conclusion The antibacterial properties of six dentifrices were studied in vitro and concluded that almost all of the dentifrices available commercially had antibacterial properties to some extent to benefit dental health or antiplaque action. How to cite this article Jenner F, Jaleel VA, Kulshrestha R, Maheswar G, Rao PK, Kranthi J. Evaluating the Antimicrobial Activity of Commercially Available Herbal Toothpastes on Microorganisms Associated with Diabetes Mellitus. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):924-929.

Antimicrobial activity of Syzygium caryophyllatum L.

2021 ◽  
pp. 4275-4276
Author(s):  
Rohit Raj ◽  
Chandrashekar. K. S ◽  
Vasudev Pai
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Small Tree ◽  
Good Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Tropical Area ◽  
The Family ◽  
Agar Diffusion Method ◽  
India And China

Syzygium caryophyllatum L. is a small tree or large shrub grow widely mainly in the tropical area. It is native to India and China. S. caryophyllatum L. belonging to the family Myrtaceae is taken for screening antimicrobial activity. Ethanolic extract of the leaves of Syzygium caryophyllatum was screened for antibacterial activity using Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Activity of ethanolic extract was good when compared to Ampicillin. The antimicrobial activity was determined by Agar diffusion method and also MIC technique. From the result it was found that ethanolic extract of the leaves of Syzygium caryophyllatum exhibited good antibacterial activity against these gram +ve and gram –ve microorganisms.

IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CYNODON DACTYLON (L.) PERS. LEAF EXTRACTS. ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY BY ZONE OF INHIBITION ESTIMATION

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (04) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
S. M Pawaskar ◽  
◽  
K. C. Sasangan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity

The present study was undertaken to evaluate in vitro antimicrobial activity of the successive leaf extracts of Cynodon dactylon in petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol, methanol and water, against various gram positive & gram negative bacterial strains using zone of inhibition. Both Agar well diffusion method & Agar disc diffusion method were used to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy. The microorganisms used in the test were – Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi A, Salmonella paratyphi B, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Vibrio cholerac and Enterobacter aerogenes. Two fungal strains - Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were also tested to evaluate the antifungal potential of the said plant extract. The reference antibiotics chloramphenicol & ampicillin (antibacterial); nystatin & clotrimazole and (antifungal) were also tested against these standard microorganisms used in the assay and the results were compared with that of the plant extracts.The results of the study revealed that all the seven successive extracts of the leaf powder of Cynodon dactylon ( L.) Pers. exhibited prominent antimicrobial and antifungal activity against all microorganisms used in the study. The nonpolar extracts i.e. petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and acetone showed the most significant antibacterial and antifungal activity against all tested organisms. The petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts showing maximum inhibition in the range of 8 mm - 15 mm. This was closely followed by, acetone extract, which showed the inhibition in the range of 9 mm - 13 mm.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity Of Asparagus Racemosus Willd. and Asparagus Curillus Buch.-Ham. Ex Roxb

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Rose Shrestha ◽  
Astha Shakya ◽  
Krishna Kumar Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Asparagus Racemosus ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Different Strains

Asparagus racemosus Willd. is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical regions of Nepal and India. Its medicinal usage has been reported in the Indian and British Pharmacopoeias and in traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha. Asparagus curillus Buch-Ham.ex Roxb. is also one of the species found in higher altitude of Nepal. Its roots are used as substitute for A. racemosus. Phytochemical investigation was done for these two species of Nepalese Asparagus as per Methodology for Analysis of Vegetable Drugs by I. Ciulei.1982. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of coumarin, flavonoid, catecholic tannin, reducing compound in alcoholic extract of A. racemosus while its aqueous extract revealed polyuronoid, reducing compound, polyoses, saponin, gallic tannin, catecholic tannin, etc. Similarly, alcoholic extract of A. curillus revealed catecholic tannin, reducing compound and aqueous extract revealed polyuronoid polyoses, saponin, gallic tannin as main phytochemical compounds. Comparative antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of these two species has been evaluated using Kirby-Bauer Agar well diffusion method. The extracts were screened for their antimicrobial activity on nine different strains of human pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalies, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans. Among them A. racemosus has shown selected antimicrobial effects against B. subtilis, E. coli, E. faecalis, S. cerevisiae and C. albicans with zone of inhibition of 25 mm in an average. While A. curillus showed effects on S. cerevisiae and C. albicans only with zone of inhibition about12 mm.J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 29, 2015, Page: 91-102 

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity and Synergistic Effect of Spices against Few Selected Pathogens

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Renuka Maharjan ◽  
Saru Thapa ◽  
Amrit Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Fractional Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Mic Value

Objectives: The main objective of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of spices along with determination of its synergistic effect against few selected pathogens. Methods: In this study, ethanolic extract of 5 different spices; Zingiber officinale (Ginger), Allium sativum (Garlic), Curcuma longa (Turmeric), Capsicum annum (Chili) and Allium cepa (Onion) were obtained by using Soxhlet apparatus. The ethanolic extract was concentrated by evaporation and different concentrations of extract were prepared in Dimethy Sulphoxide (DMSO) solvent. Test organisms included mainly pathogens i.e. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae. The antimicrobial activities of the extracts were determined by well diffusion technique both individually and in combination. On the other hand, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was determined by serial dilution technique. The result were interpreted on the basis of the fact that the growth occurs in positive control and other tubes with inadequate amount of extract whereas the lowest concentration of agent that inhibits growth of organism, detected by lack of visible turbidity by inhibition of 99% is designed as the MIC. The MBC is identified by determining the lowest concentration of extract solution that reduces the viability of the initial bacterial inoculum by a predetermined reduction such as ≥99.9%. Likewise, for determination of Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI), two extracts were combined along with standardized inoculum of bacterial strain. Tubes without visible turbidity were streaked on agar plate and observed for 99.9% killing.   Results: All the tested extract of spices were found effective against S. aureus and K. pneumoniae only. The highest zone of inhibition (ZOI) was found in chili extract (ZOI=26 mm) against S. aureus whereas lowest zone of inhibition was found in garlic extract against K. pneumoniae (ZOI=12mm). Similarly, highest ZOI was produced by combined extract of both Turmeric and Ginger (ZOI= 26 mm). Turmeric extract was found to be effective against S. aureus (MIC value = 62.5 mg /ml and MBC value = 31.25 mg/ml) and K. pneumoniae (MIC value 125 mg/ml and MBC value = 62.5 mg/ml). The Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC) values of combined extract suggested synergistic and additive effect (0.5<FIC<1). Chili and ginger were effective with FIC value of 0.25. Conclusion: To recapitulate, the extract of spices can be used to prevent the pathogenic organism.

Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Combined Plant Extract of Pyracantha crenulata and Zanthoxylum armatum

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (29) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Semwal Amit Negi Sweta
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Zanthoxylum Armatum ◽  
Plant Extraction

Abstract-Medicinal plants represent an essential source of drugs and have played an important role in healthcaresystem.PyracanthacrenulataandZanthoxylum armatumhave been used as traditional medicine. The main aim of the study was to find the antibacterial activity of the selected plants against bacterialspecies:E.coliandPseudomonasaeruginosa. The solvents used for plant extraction were hexane, chloroform, ethanol and aqueous. The in vitro antimicrobial activity was performed by Agar disk diffusion method. The hexane and aqueous extracts showed moderate activity whereas theethanolicextractsshowedasignificantantibacterial activity. In the study Tetracycline was used as standard. The combined ethanolic extract of both the selected plant showed the synergistic effect on the bacterial strain tested. This leads to the conclusion that the combined effect can have possible application in the development of products as antimicrobial.

scholarly journals Phytochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Ethanolic Seed Extracts of Chrysophyllum albidum (African Star Apple)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 05-09 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel L. Oputah ◽  
Kolawole O. Ajanaku ◽  
Raphael C. Mordi ◽  
Joseph A. O. Olugbuyiro ◽  
Shade J. Olorunshola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Seed Extracts ◽  
African Star Apple

Phytochemical and antibacterial properties of ethanolic extract of the seeds of African Star Apple (Chrysophyllum albidum) were investigated. The phytochemical result revealed the presence of saponins, carbohydrates, flavonoids, quinones, cardiac glycosides, fatty acids and terpenoids. The antibacterial activity was studied using agar well diffusion method at different concentrations against six pathogenic bacterial strains, three Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus varians and Bacillus cereus) and three Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris). Significant inhibitory activities were exhibited by the ethanolic seed extracts for all test organisms except Bacillus cereus. Zone of inhibition of the crude ethanolic extract was correlated with that of a standard antibiotic Gentamicin, for antibacterial activity. The results indicated a notable inhibition of the bacterial growth.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and antibacterial effect of root extract of Boerhaavia diffusa L. (Family Nyctaginaceae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepti Malhotra ◽  
Amir Khan ◽  
Fouzia Ishaq
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
The Family ◽  
Boerhaavia Diffusa

Boerhaavia diffusa belonging to the family of the Nyctaginaceae is mainly a diffused perennial herbaceous creeping weed of India. The present study deals with the investigation of phytochemical analysis and evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of the aqueous and methanolic extract of the roots of Boerhaavia diffusa. The result revealed the presence of alkaloid, glycoside, saponins, flavonoids, polysaccharides, steroid and tannin in both the root extracts. B. diffusa root extract possesses antimicrobial activity as the zone of inhibition was observed for both gram positive as well as gram negative bacterial strains.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document