scholarly journals Scientific Publication Packages – A Selective Approach to the Communication and Archival of Scientific Output

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 33-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Scientific Output ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
Selective Approach ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Open Archives

The use of digital technologies within research has led to a proliferation of data, many new forms of research output and new modes of presentation and analysis. Many scientific communities are struggling with the challenge of how to manage the terabytes of data and new forms of output, they are producing. They are also under increasing pressure from funding organizations to publish their raw data, in addition to their traditional publications, in open archives. In this paper I describe an approach that involves the selective encapsulation of raw data, derived products, algorithms, software and textual publications within “scientific publication packages”. Such packages provide an ideal method for: encapsulating expert knowledge; for publishing and sharing scientific process and results; for teaching complex scientific concepts; and for the selective archival, curation and preservation of scientific data and output. They also provide a bridge between technological advances in the Digital Libraries and eScience domains. In particular, I describe the RDF-based architecture that we are adopting to enable scientists to construct, publish and manage “scientific publication packages” - compound digital objects that encapsulate and relate the raw data to its derived products, publications and the associated contextual, provenance and administrative metadata.

scholarly journals The dominance of big teams in China’s scientific output

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Linlin Liu ◽  
Jianfei Yu ◽  
Junming Huang ◽  
Feng Xia ◽  
Tao Jia
Keyword(s):  
Natural Science ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientific Output ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
Innovative Work ◽  
Small Team

Modern science is dominated by scientific productions from teams. A recent finding shows that teams of both large and small sizes are essential in research, prompting us to analyze the extent to which a country’s scientific work is carried out by big or small teams. Here, using over 26 million publications from Web of Science, we find that China’s research output is more dominated by big teams than the rest of the world, which is particularly the case in fields of natural science. Despite the global trend that more papers are written by big teams, China’s drop in small team output is much steeper. As teams in China shift from small to large size, the team diversity that is essential for innovative work does not increase as much as that in other countries. Using the national average as the baseline, we find that the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) supports fewer small teams than the National Science Foundation (NSF) of the United States does, implying that big teams are preferred by grant agencies in China. Our finding provides new insights into the concern of originality and innovation in China, which indicates a need to balance small and big teams.

scholarly journals Science Diplomacy in Ecuador: Political Discourse and Practices Between 2007 and 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kleinsy Bonilla ◽  
Milena Serafim ◽  
Efraín Bámaca-López
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Scientific Output ◽  
The Political ◽  
International Mobility ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Science Diplomacy ◽  
Foreign Governments

The decade 2007–2017 was a period in which the Republic of Ecuador experienced a series of economic, social, cultural, and political transformations. This research focused on science, technology, and innovation (STI) changes with implications for Ecuador's foreign policy. One of the core components incorporated was Ecuador's engagement with foreign governments and various regional and global actors to further scientific and technological advances. These far-reaching collaborations aimed to reduce gaps the country experienced in science and research. Moreover, to incorporate Ecuador into worldwide initiatives to tackle cross-border issues, such as climate change and environmental sustainability. These measures included academic and scientific mobility through an extensive scholarship program, the Prometeo Fellowship Program, the Yasuni ITT Initiative, the creation of emblematic research universities, and certain guidelines released by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Human Mobility of Ecuador related to these policies. This article reports on qualitative research in which President Rafael Vicente Correa Delgado's political discourse was analyzed, along with key STI policies promoted in his administrations. The objective of this study was to establish different implications from the Science Diplomacy perspective (SD); particularly, reflecting on the consistency between the political rhetoric and the policy implementation. Evidence suggests that the political discourse materialized into concrete STI policies that could partially explain positive transformations in various aspects of the STI context in Ecuador. Institutional strengthening, international mobility (inward and outward), increased scientific output, and foreign policy practices involving SD which can be traced in the studied period. SD strategies could have been more effective and lasting if they were not discontinued upon Correa's departure from the Presidency.

Analysis of EPI-X4 binding to CXCR4 : raw data to be linked to a scientific publication

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Cano-Garrido ◽  
Patricia Alamo ◽  
Laura Sánchez ◽  
Aïda Falgàs ◽  
Alejandro Sánchez Chardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Raw Data

Worldwide research productivity of paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
SH Zyoud ◽  
SW Al-Jabi ◽  
WM Sweileh
Keyword(s):  
Research Productivity ◽  
Research Output ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientific Output ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Paracetamol Poisoning ◽  
Authorship Pattern ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World

Purpose: There is a lack of data concerning the evaluation of scientific research productivity in paracetamol poisoning from the world. The purposes of this study were to analyse the worldwide research output related to paracetamol poisoning and to examine the authorship pattern and the citations retrieved from the Scopus database for over a decade. Methods: Data were searched for documents with specific words regarding paracetamol poisoning as ‘keywords’ in the title or/and abstract. Scientific output was evaluated based on a methodology developed and used in other bibliometric studies. Research productivity was adjusted to the national population and nominal gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. Results: There were 1721 publications that met the criteria during study period from the world. All retrieved documents were published from 72 countries. The largest number of articles related to paracetamol poisoning was from the United States (US; 30.39%), followed by India (10.75%) and the United Kingdom (UK; 9.36%). The total number of citations at the time of data analysis was 21,109, with an average of 12.3 citations per each documents and median (interquartile range) of 4 (1–14). The h-index of the retrieved documents was 57. After adjusting for economy and population power, India (124.2), Nigeria (18.6) and the US (10.5) had the highest research productivity. Countries with large economies, such as the UK, Australia, Japan, China and France, tended to rank relatively low after adjustment for GDP over the entire study period. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates evidence that research productivity related to paracetamol poisoning has increased rapidly during the recent years. The US obviously dominated in research productivity. However, certain smaller country such as Nigeria has high scientific output relative to their population size and GDP. A highly noticeable increase in the contributions of Asia-Pacific and Middle East regions to scientific literature related to paracetamol poisoning was also observed.

scholarly journals Experiences with making diffraction image data available: what metadata do we need to archive?

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 2502-2509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loes M. J. Kroon-Batenburg ◽  
John R. Helliwell
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Archive ◽  
Resolution Limit ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
Data Processing Software ◽  
Lysozyme Crystals

Recently, the IUCr (International Union of Crystallography) initiated the formation of a Diffraction Data Deposition Working Group with the aim of developing standards for the representation of raw diffraction data associated with the publication of structural papers. Archiving of raw data serves several goals: to improve the record of science, to verify the reproducibility and to allow detailed checks of scientific data, safeguarding against fraud and to allow reanalysis with future improved techniques. A means of studying this issue is to submit exemplar publications with associated raw data and metadata. In a recent study of the binding of cisplatin and carboplatin to histidine in lysozyme crystals under several conditions, the possible effects of the equipment and X-ray diffraction data-processing software on the occupancies andBfactors of the bound Pt compounds were compared. Initially, 35.3 GB of data were transferred from Manchester to Utrecht to be processed withEVAL. A detailed description and discussion of the availability of metadata was published in a paper that was linked to a local raw data archive at Utrecht University and also mirrored at the TARDIS raw diffraction data archive in Australia. By making these raw diffraction data sets available with the article, it is possible for the diffraction community to make their own evaluation. This led to one of the authors ofXDS(K. Diederichs) to re-integrate the data from crystals that supposedly solely contained bound carboplatin, resulting in the analysis of partially occupied chlorine anomalous electron densities near the Pt-binding sites and the use of several criteria to more carefully assess the diffraction resolution limit. General arguments for archiving raw data, the possibilities of doing so and the requirement of resources are discussed. The problems associated with a partially unknown experimental setup, which preferably should be available as metadata, is discussed. Current thoughts on data compression are summarized, which could be a solution especially for pixel-device data sets with fine slicing that may otherwise present an unmanageable amount of data.

scholarly journals Coronavirus: A Scientometric Study with Special Reference to Web of Science

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-217
Author(s):  
L Radha
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Research Publication ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Scientometric Study ◽  
The Web

Scientometrics study is one of the most efficient methods of quantitative evaluation of the scientific publication. Coronaviruses are one of the common viruses affect the human and animals some time. There is 7 type of corona already in existence, but the recent Coronavirus called novel corona (Covid19) which spreads among human rapidly. This study is to know the recent research publication of Coronavirus from the web of science, especially after December 2019, where the real spreads started and impact the world economy due to lock down. The data for this study is retrieved from the web of science for the year of 2018, 2019, and 2020 (till March). This study is an attempt to know the publication pattern, year-wise growth of publications, country-wise research output, and top-cited paper. Also, this paper is focusing on the research output of China and Wuhan University in the publications and the Wuhan University’s participation in this research publication during the period.

scholarly journals Publication analysis in Bay for Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation Nations

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 510
Author(s):  
Manthan Janodia ◽  
Aparna I. Narayan ◽  
Santhosh Krishnan Venkata ◽  
Bharti Chogtu
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Citation Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Scientific Output ◽  
Research Publication ◽  
Publication Number ◽  
Subject Areas ◽  
Insight Into

Background: Research output provides an insight into the development of the scientific capability of a country. Budget allocation for research and development (R&D) is directly proportional to the research output of a country. While developed countries spend a significant percentage of their GDP on R&D, developing countries do not have enough resources to invest in R&D. Countries in the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) Nations has received significantly less attention from outside the region in studying R&D and research publication scenario of the region. The research output of BIMSTEC countries was analyzed using various metrics in this paper. Methods: Data on citation per paper, Field Weight Citation Impact (FWCI), paper per researcher, collaborative publications, and output in top 10 percent journals was extracted from one of the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature, Scopus and its affiliate SciVal, for a period of 6 years between 2012-2017. Percentage of R&D spend, researchers per million population, and total scientific output were extracted from World Bank data. Results: India and Thailand have a higher quantum of publications compared to other countries. Subjects like clinical, technology, Computer Science have a larger publication number as compared to other subject areas like Social Science, Arts, Education, Law, and Physiology. The researcher population and research spend of a nation have an evident implication on the publication though no direct relation can be derived. Conclusion: Huge disparities in terms of percentage of research spent, research output, papers per researcher, and output with national and international authorship differ for countries. Higher research spent and publication count are not positively correlated with better FWCI.

scholarly journals Making FAIR trustworthy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamika Chatterjee ◽  
Tsjalling Swierstra
Keyword(s):  
Data Management ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Sufficient Reason ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Scientific Data Management

The life sciences community is now increasingly leaning on the processing powers of machines to carry out advanced scientific research. So in order to adequately exploit the capabilities of machines in science, the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) principles for scientific data management and stewardship have been proposed. These principles are to assist scientists in tweaking their established research routines so as to unlock the true potential of machines and contribute to better science. However, through interviews with key scientist groups implicated by FAIR we have learned that doing what FAIR demands also presents certain epistemic concerns that discourage scientists to trust FAIR. One such concern is the loss of valuable knowledge in the translation of versatile human readable research output to a restricted, machine friendly language to enable machine action (semantic freedom). A second concern is evident in the displacement of human expertise by this increasing reliance on machines and the ensuing loss of knowledge contributed by these displaced experts (expert intuition). Thus, through this article, we highlight how incorporating FAIR also presents an epistemic loss to the scientific community. But the lack of attention given to these concerns by the proponents of FAIR offers scientists who have to abide by FAIR sufficient reason to resist it. We thus propose that while the implementation of FAIR has so far been paternalistic and top-down, such concerns have also made the scientist sceptical. So by initiating a more balanced, open and honest discussion of not just the benefits and promises of FAIR but also such epistemic costs, FAIR could lay to rest reasons for such scepticism and foster trust within the stakeholders of FAIR.

Using Digital Libraries to Support Undergraduate Learning in Geomorphology

2010 ◽  
pp. 76-99
Author(s):  
Stephen Darby ◽  
Sally J. Priest ◽  
Karen Fill ◽  
Samuel Leung
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Virtual Learning Environment ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Library Resources ◽  
Traditional Lectures

In this chapter we outline the issues involved in developing, delivering, and evaluating a Level 2 undergraduate module in fluvial geomorphology. The central concept of the module, which was designed to be delivered in a “blended” mode, involving a combination of traditional lectures and online learning activities, was the use of online digital library resources, comprising both data and numerical models, to foster an appreciation of physical processes influencing the evolution of drainage basins. The aim of the module was to develop the learners’ knowledge and understanding of drainage basin geomorphology, while simultaneously developing their abilities to (i) access spatial data resources and (ii) provide a focus for developing skills in scientific data analysis and modeling. The module adopts a global perspective, drawing on examples from around the world. We discuss the process of course and assessment design, explaining the pedagogy underlying the decision to adopt blended delivery. We share our teaching experiences, involving a particular combination of “face-to-face” lectures and online sessions, complemented by independent online learning, and supported by the associated virtual learning environment. Finally, we discuss the issues highlighted by a comprehensive module evaluation.

Develop Your Lay-Level Research Communication Strategy

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
Dennis Meredith
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Successful Strategy ◽  
Research Communication ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
The Media

This chapter covers the practical steps to creating a communication strategy to enhance your research and your career. Developing a strategy for communicating to lay audiences is important for successfully reaching those audiences. That strategy involves first protecting scientific publication against premature public release of scientific data and conclusions. A strategy also involves giving a comprehensive, coherent view of one’s research, sharing one’s research process, and fitting into the institution’s mission. Finding popular “hooks” for communication, or vivid metaphors familiar to people in their everyday lives, will engage your audience and greatly help communicate your work. A successful strategy also entails coordinating with funding agencies and becoming an expert resource for the media.

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