scholarly journals THE ANALYSIS OF TRUST AS AN ELEMENT OF SUPPORT TO DEMOCRATIC PROCESSES

2019 ◽  
pp. 085
Author(s):  
Žarko Đorić
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Democratic Theory ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Third ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

Declining trust is one of the central problems in modem politics. Trust declines in collective action arrangements. Trust is one of the "big questions," and "one of the normal obligations of political life." Embedded within it are fundamental issues of politics and democratic theory. In this article, I want to discuss which different conceptions of trust (and relations to democracy). The paper  proceeds as  follows. In the first part, the conceptual and theoretical definition of trust is given. In the second part it points to one of the basic division of  trust which is present in the literature. Finally, in the third part, the relationship between trust and democracy is pointed out and appropriate argumentation is offered.

scholarly journals LEGAL AXIOMS: APPROACHES TO UNDERSTANDING

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Inna Zelenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Complex Phenomenon ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Common Features ◽  
The Third ◽  
Legal Science ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article reflects the diversity of views on the concept of "legal axiom". It is clarified that there are lawyers who deny the existence of the concept of "axiom" in law. It is presented that some scholars identify legal axioms with legal customs in terms of content, formulation and existence, as well as methods of provision. It is revealed that legal axioms have common features and differences with legal presumptions. It is emphasized that the legal presumption and legal axiom are understood as true without evidence. It is considered that the difference between a legal presumption and a legal axiom lies in the difference of circumstances: they allow to consider them plausible; possibilities (impossibilities) of refutation; significance, content and form It is demonstrated that there are several approaches to the relationship of legal axioms with the principles of law. It has been found that the first group of scholars identify the principles of law and axioms. Attention is drawn to the fact that the second group of scholars notes that axioms are prerequisites for the principles of law. It is presented that the representatives of the third group distinguish between the concepts of principles of law and legal axioms. It has been shown that the complex interrelationships of principles and axioms are reflected in their dialectical unity, their ability to pass from one to another, and the disclosure of one phenomenon through another. It is noted that axioms are subject to change, so axioms and presumptions are closely interrelated and under certain conditions can replace each other. The definition of legal axioms has been further considered. Legal axioms are a multifaceted complex phenomenon of legal reality related to law, legal awareness and legal science. regularities, properties of special legal principles of law and serve to simplify legal regulation.

scholarly journals On the relationship between neck length and bond radius during compression of snow

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (126) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Brown ◽  
M. Q. Edens
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Micro Structure ◽  
Neck Length ◽  
Geometric Effect ◽  
Section Data ◽  
The Third ◽  
Surface Section ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dimensional Surface

AbstractIn an earlier study on the variations in micro-structure during large volumetric deformations of snow, the authors observed that, contrary to expectations, the length of necked regions connecting adjacent grains did not necessarily decrease during compression. Rather, there was no discernible or predictable change in neck length, in some cases increasing and in others decreasing. Further evaluations of the data and an analysis of the mechanics of neck deformation determined that the process is complicated by three different effects: (1) increase in coordination number (number of bonds per grain), (ii) plastic deformation of the neck, and (iii) a geometric effect determined by bond growth and grain geometry. It is found that the first two effects tend to decrease the neck length and that the third produces an increase in mean neck length. A set of coupled differential equations is developed describing the variation of neck length and bond radius, and solved numerically for conditions consistent with the experimental data. Calculated results agree well with the data for the bond radius but the results for the neck length are less satisfactory. Reasons for this lie with difficulty in making accurate measurements of mean neck length from two-dimensional surface-section data and in the criteria for the definition of necks.

History, Identity, and the Present

2020 ◽  
pp. 251-290
Author(s):  
Donald Bloxham
Keyword(s):  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conceptual Difficulty ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
The Third ◽  
Past Action ◽  
Present Part ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

part 4 History, Identity, and the Present Part 4 considers the role of historical consciousness in shaping present-day identity. It is critical of prejudicial ‘Identity History’ while enjoining historians to embrace their roles in historical arguments pertaining to identity. The first section clarifies what falls outside the definition of ‘Identity History’, noting that much excellent scholarship pertains to identity and even serves identity goals without being prejudicial. The second section highlights where historians working on identity matters are likely to fall into conceptual difficulty. Is the relationship between past ‘them’ and present ‘us’ a matter of identity or difference or a bit of both? Identity History is inconsistent here, with different attitudes taken depending on whether that past behaviour was good or bad by present lights. There are consequences for the historian’s engagement with past rights and wrongs, harms and benefits, because claims on these matters constitute stakes in the identity game whose winner gets to decide what is desirable in the here and now. The third section develops such themes and distinguishes between more and less appropriate idioms for characterizing the relationship between contemporary polities and groups on one hand and the deeds of relevant ‘forebears’ on the other hand. It is a mistake to talk of contemporary guilt, or for that matter virtue, in light of what one’s predecessors did, but the language of shame or pride may be appropriate. The fourth section addresses the material legacies of past action, considering matters of compensation and redistribution. The concluding section returns to broader principles.

Representing Efficiency: Corporatism and Democratic Theory

1988 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor V. Magagna
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Theory ◽  
Usual Method ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Representative Government ◽  
Democratic Representation ◽  
Textual Exegesis ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Core ◽  
Economic Practices ◽  
Definition Of

What follows is an attempt to contribute to the renewal of democratic theory. The argument does not offer yet another substantive definition of “genuine” democracy. Nor does it proceed through the usual method of textual exegesis of the texts of democratic thinkers. Instead, it explores the implications for representative government of the set of political and economic practices to which comparativists have attached the label of corporatism. The central proposition of the argument is that corporatism poses a challenge to traditional notions about the core principles of democratic representation. Part one shows that corporatism can be seen as an alternative to the mode of democratic interest articulation known as pluralism. However, part two will show the ways in which the logic of corporatism implies a significant shift from established conventions of representation. The third section tries to build a defense of pluralism as a more democratic mode of representation than either corporatism or neo-Marxism.

The Moralizing Message of the Senatus Consultum de cn. Pisone Patre

1998 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Cooley
Keyword(s):  
Political Life ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

The recently published senatus consultum de Cn. Pisone patre provides the opportunity not only to explore afresh an episode in Tiberius' reign recounted by Tacitus, but also to reassess several aspects of political life during the early Principate. This decree outlines the Senate's judgement of the conduct of Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso who had been accused of maiestas for seditious activities in the East, but had committed suicide before the conclusion of his trial. The document adds a considerable number of details to those recorded by Tacitus. Quite apart from its main theme, the text has shed light on such thorny problems as the definition of imperium maius, and the relationship between the fiscus and aerarium The aim of this article, however, is not to investigate such matters, but to consider the rhetorical language with which the Senate treats the whole affair.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Language and Literature in Dildar's View

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hemin Shams ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Writing Style ◽  
Grammatical Structure ◽  
The Third ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

Literature is language itself; writers draw an aesthetic and effective portrait by playing on the meaning and the canonical grammatical structure, and depending on their literary artistry, they reconceptualise and rearrange the picture. This study is mainly concerned with Dildar’s viewpoint about the relation between language and literature to this end, three articles have been chosen as the data for analysis, namely ‘Kurdish language and literature', 'misconceptions of Literature' and 'Kurdish writing’, all of which were published in ‘Daldar: the Kurdish revolutionary poet’ by Abdulkhaliq Alaaddin, and available in ‘100-116 pp.’ The study consists of three parts. In the first part, literature, language, and the linguistic definition of literature are presented. Then, the role of language in literature is discussed inasmuch as literature adds an aesthetic role to the major functions of language. Next, based on Dildar's perspective, the role language plays in literature is given an account. In the second part, the functions and the components of language from Dildar's perspective are dealt with. In particular the psychological and the emotive functions of language, ‘tewzîf’ in literature, and Dildar's view on the role that language plays in literary innovations are highlighted. The third part covers his views regarding writing style and the writer's duty in Kurdish language development. It is mainly concluded that Dildar's approach to language and its functions is purely scientific. In addition, Dildar tackles style, the background, and the enterprise of the author from a linguistic perspective.

Theoretical preliminaries

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-62
Author(s):  
Diego Pescarini
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Structure ◽  
Relevant Factor ◽  
Simple Representation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Syntactic Position ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Clitic Placement

The chapter introduces some terminological conventions and a simple representation of sentence structure for the analysis of clitic placement and other syntactic displacements. It elaborates on four key notions: dependencies, nesting, domains, and criteria. The term dependency refers to the relationship between the clitic and the syntactic position where the corresponding argument is (allegedly) projected. The second important factor regarding clitic placement has to do with the identification of the clausal domains where clitics can occur. The third relevant factor in the definition of clitic placement is nesting, i.e. the mechanism whereby clitics are attached to morphosyntactic structures. Lastly, clitic placement is dependent on discourse-driven displacements that are triggered by instructions termed criteria.

scholarly journals On the relationship between neck length and bond radius during compression of snow

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (126) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Brown ◽  
M. Q. Edens
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Micro Structure ◽  
Neck Length ◽  
Geometric Effect ◽  
Section Data ◽  
The Third ◽  
Surface Section ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dimensional Surface

AbstractIn an earlier study on the variations in micro-structure during large volumetric deformations of snow, the authors observed that, contrary to expectations, the length of necked regions connecting adjacent grains did not necessarily decrease during compression. Rather, there was no discernible or predictable change in neck length, in some cases increasing and in others decreasing. Further evaluations of the data and an analysis of the mechanics of neck deformation determined that the process is complicated by three different effects: (1) increase in coordination number (number of bonds per grain), (ii) plastic deformation of the neck, and (iii) a geometric effect determined by bond growth and grain geometry. It is found that the first two effects tend to decrease the neck length and that the third produces an increase in mean neck length. A set of coupled differential equations is developed describing the variation of neck length and bond radius, and solved numerically for conditions consistent with the experimental data. Calculated results agree well with the data for the bond radius but the results for the neck length are less satisfactory. Reasons for this lie with difficulty in making accurate measurements of mean neck length from two-dimensional surface-section data and in the criteria for the definition of necks.

scholarly journals Nature of the common good as the foundation of the community

2021 ◽  
Vol XIX (1) ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
Karol Jasiński
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Common Life ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
The Third ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Integral Development ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of

The subject of interest of the author of the text is the common good as an inalienable element of the organization of the human community. The paper consists of three parts. The first part analyses the need for a common good as the basis of social and political life. The starting point was the distinction of four forms of common life (community, society, political body and state), defining the nature of society, presentation of three forms of relationship between man and society (individualism, collectivism and personalism) and identifying problems related to the definition of the common good. In the second part, the author presented a reflection on the procedural common good in the liberal tradition, the issue of impartiality and identification of the common good in the process of the debate. In the third part, attention is paid to the personalistic view of the common good, which is based on the integral development of personal human nature in the framework of the appropriate institutions and structures. This understanding of the common good is, in the author’s conviction, the best point of reference in social and political life.

scholarly journals Sustancia y pensamiento en la teología aristotélica. Hitos históricos de la definición de persona. Substance and Thinking in the Aristotelic Theology. Historical Landmarks of the Definition of Person

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Ross
Keyword(s):  
Initial Step ◽  
The Third ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Crucial Part ◽  
Pure Activity ◽  
Made In ◽  
Do So

El propósito de este artículo es mostrar el itinerario argumentativo que sigue el Estagirita en su Metafísica para llegar a la conclusión de que hay una substancia cuya única actividad es pensarse a sí misma y que dicha substancia puede identificarse con dios. Para ello, en el apartado inicial reconstruiremos el primer paso de la argumentación aristotélica a favor de que hay una substancia eterna e inmóvil. Después, en el segundo, ahondaremos en el carácter inmaterial de esa substancia eterna, así como en la advertencia de que la esencia de dicha entidad es pura actividad. Finalmente, en el tercer apartado, expondremos las razones que ofrece Aristóteles para probar que la actividad de esa substancia es pensar y que el objeto de ese pensamiento es ella misma. De esta forma, intentaré aclarar la relación entre substancia y pensamiento que emerge de esta teoría, la cual ha jugado un papel crucial en la formulación posterior de la definición de persona ya referida.The main purpose of this article is to show the argumentative route that Aristotle made in his Metaphysics to conclude that there is a substance whose sole activity is to think itself and that this substance can be identified as god. In order to do so, in the first part we will reconstruct the initial step into Aristotelian argumentation which argues that there is an eternal and immobile substance. Later, on the second part, we will get into detail in the immaterial character of that eternal substance, being aware that the essence of this entity is pure activity. Finally, in the third part, we will expose the reasons that Aristotle offers to prove that this substance´s sole activity is to think and that the object of its thought is itself. In this way, I will try to clarify the relationship that emerges from this theory between substance and thought, which has played a crucial part in the latter formulation of the definition of person that has already been referred.

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