Natural Cysticercus fasciolaris infection in rodents from a rural area in Yucatan, Mexico

Cysticercus fasciolaris is the larval stage of Taenia taeniaeformis, a parasite that predominantly affects felines. It, however, has zoonotic significance since humans can be accidental hosts. Rodents and lagomorphs act as Intermediate hosts in this parasite’s life cycle. The aim of this study was to determine the natural occurrence of infection with Cysticercus fasciolaris in rodents from a rural area in Yucatan, Mexico. Rodents were captured in 40 dwellings and two neighboring areas of low deciduous forest. A total of 153 individuals of seven different species were captured: 65 Rattus rattus (42.5%), 44 Mus musculus (28.8%), 22 Heteromys gaumeri (14.4%), 11 Ototylomys phyllotis (7.2%), 9 Peromyscus yucatanicus (5.9%), 1 Peromyscus leucopus (0.6%), and 1 Sigmodon hispidus (0.6%). All animals were examined for evidence of parasitic liver infection. Rattus rattus was the only species to present positive Cysticercus fasciolaris infection (18.5%, 12/65). We thus concluded that there was no evidence of a transmission cycle with wild rodent species.

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The occurrence of the larval cestode Cysticercus fasciolaris in rodent populations from the Cuxtal ecological reserve, Yucatan, Mexico

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x10000817 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 85 (4) ◽

pp. 458-461 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

R.I. Rodríguez-Vivas ◽

J.A. Panti-May ◽

J. Parada-López ◽

S.F. Hernández-Betancourt ◽

H.A. Ruiz-Piña

Keyword(s):

Larval Stage ◽

Wild Species ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Rattus Rattus ◽

Adult Males ◽

Intermediate Hosts ◽

Animal Populations ◽

Cysticercus Fasciolaris ◽

Ecological Reserve ◽

Rodent Populations

AbstractCysticercus fasciolaris is the larval stage of the cestode Taenia taeniaeformis, whose definitive hosts are mainly cats. This larval stage uses a wide variety of small rodents, and occasionally birds and humans, as intermediate hosts. In the Yucatan, there are no reports of the presence of this cestode in animal populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of C. fasciolaris in rodent populations from the Cuxtal ecological reserve, Yucatan, Mexico. Trapping of rodents was conducted from October 2009 to April 2010 in 40 households in Molas, in which Sherman traps were placed both inside and outside backyards. Rodents were dissected to inspect the liver for the presence of the worm. To determine risk factors associated with infection, univariate analysis was performed using sex, age, species, trapping site, and season as independent variables. Variables with a P value < 0.2 were analysed using a logistic regression model. In this study, 411 individuals of six rodent species were trapped; Mus musculus was the most abundant (78%), followed by Rattus rattus (13%) and the wild species Peromyscus yucatanicus, Ototylomys phyllotis,Heteromys gaumeri and Reithrodontomys gracilis (9%). Only 7.5% (n = 31) of M. musculus and R. rattus were infected with C. fasciolaris (demonstrated by the presence of liver cysts) with a prevalence of 9.0% and 3.5%, respectively. Both adults and male mice were 4.33 and 3.46 (OR values) times more likely to have C. fasciolaris than juveniles and females respectively. We can conclude that in the Cuxtal Reserve, Yucatan, Mexico, the prevalence of C. fasciolaris is higher in M. musculus, and that adult males had a higher probability of infection. Wild species, mainly P. yucatanicus, were not found to be infected with the cestode, but its presence in the backyards of households could result in a potential risk of acquiring this infection.

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Concurrent infection of Taenia taeniaeformis and Isospora felis in a stray kitten: a case report

Veterinární Medicína ◽

10.17221/1914-vetmed ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 54 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 81-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

L.D. Singla ◽

G.S. Aulakh ◽

R. Sharma ◽

P.D. Juyal ◽

J. Singh

Keyword(s):

Histopathological Examination ◽

Present Report ◽

Acute Diarrhoea ◽

Necrotic Enteritis ◽

Concurrent Infection ◽

Intermediate Hosts ◽

Bandicota Bengalensis ◽

Cysticercus Fasciolaris ◽

Electron And Light Microscopy ◽

Taenia Taeniaeformis

The present report describes a unique case of acute diarrhoea, dehydration and weakness in a stray female kitten due to concurrent infection of Taenia taeniaeformis and Isospora felis. Death occured before any treatment could be attempted and postmortem examination revealed the presence of live tapeworms embedded in the mucosa of the small intestine. The tapeworms were identified as Taenia taeniaeformis by Scanning Electron and Light microscopy. The uterus of the tapeworms was filled with eggs. The intestinal contents were yellow in colour and upon their examination by faecal floatation the presence of Isospora oocysts was revealed. On histopathological examination, necrotic enteritis along with endogenous tissue stages of Isospora spp. were observed in the intestine. The other cats in the area were found to pass eggs and/or gravid segments of T. taeniaeformis in their faeces. Infection with the metacestodes (Cysticercus fasciolaris) of this indirectly transmitted parasite was found in the liver of the intermediate hosts, i.e., the wild rats Bandicota bengalensis.

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INTERACTIONS BETWEEN CYSTICERCUS FASCIOLARIS AND COMMON RATS

FLORA AND FAUNA ◽

10.33451/florafauna.v23i2pp453-456 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

Author(s):

SHASHI KIRAN

Keyword(s):

Granulation Tissue ◽

Larval Stage ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Sylvatic Cycle ◽

Mature Larva ◽

Hepatic Cysts ◽

Cysticercus Fasciolaris ◽

Taenia Taeniaeformis ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship of C. fasciolaris with common rats. Cysticercus fasciolaris is the larval stage of Taenia taeniaeformis . Development of metacestodes ( Cysticercus fasciolaris) occur in the liver of rodents. An urban and a sylvatic cycle occurs. A total of 40 liver specimens of rats were examined. Histopathological examination revealed the presence of multiple hepatic cysts, and the C. fasciolaris larva was surrounded by granulation tissue. Large and separated ûbroblasts in different orientations with some neoplastic changes were seen in advanced hepatic cysticercosis. The bladder involved the larva and large chamber containing the small chamber and opalescent fluid. The scolex of the mature larva is distinctly large, bearing four lateral distinct suckers, a rostellum armed with double, and alternating rows of hooks.

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Detection ofToxoplasma gondiiby PCR and Mouse Bioassay in Rodents of Ahvaz District, Southwestern Iran

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/383859 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

J. Saki ◽

S. Khademvatan

Keyword(s):

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

Chronic Infection ◽

Rattus Rattus ◽

Mouse Bioassay ◽

Intermediate Hosts ◽

Khuzestan Province ◽

Zoonotic Parasite ◽

Southwestern Iran ◽

Southwest Of Iran ◽

Southwest Iran

Toxoplasma gondiiis obligate coccidian zoonotic parasite. Felidae family is definitive and wide ranges of warm-blooded vertebrates are intermediate hosts for the parasite. Rodents are measured as an important source ofT. gondiiinfection for the definitive host. Thus, this study aimed to investigateToxoplasminfection in rodents of Ahvaz district, southwest of Iran. A total of 100 rodents (73Rattus norvegicus, 21Rattus rattus, and 6Mus musculus) were collected and studied by GRA6PCR and mouse bioassay. The finding indicated that 6 out of 100 (6%) and 2 out of 100 (2%) samples were positive by PCR and mouse bioassay, respectively. The results show notable chronic infection in the rodent and potential transmission of the infection among animal and men in the region. Accordingly, this study recommended investigating of theT. gondiiinfection in definitive and other intermediate hosts in other points of Khuzestan province, Southwest, Iran.

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Prevalence of Calodium hepaticum and Cysticercus fasciolaris in Urban Rats and Their Histopathological Reaction in the Livers

Journal of Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.1155/2014/172829 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Bharathalingam Sinniah ◽

Muniandy Narasiman ◽

Saequa Habib ◽

Ong Gaik Bei

Keyword(s):

Close Contact ◽

Rattus Rattus ◽

Liver Parenchyma ◽

Zoonotic Diseases ◽

Infection Rates ◽

Cysticercus Fasciolaris ◽

High Infection ◽

Calodium Hepaticum ◽

Granulomatous Lesions ◽

Almost All

Humans can get infected with several zoonotic diseases from being in close contact with rats. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and histopathological changes caused by Calodium hepaticum and Cysticercus fasciolaris in infected livers of wild caught urban rats. Of the 98 urban rats (Rattus rattus diardii and Rattus norvegicus) autopsied, 64.3% were infected; 44.9% were infected with Caladium hepatica, 39.3% were infected with Cysticercus fasciolaris, and 20.4% were infected with both parasites. High infection rates suggest that urban rats are common reservoir for both parasites, which are potentially a threat to man. Calodium hepaticum infections were identified by the presence of ova or adults in the liver parenchyma. They appear as yellowish white nodules, measuring 1–7 mm in diameter or in streaks scattered widely over the serosal surface of the liver. Cysticercus fasciolaris infections are recognized morphologically by their shape (round or oval) and are creamy white in colour. Histological studies of Calodium hepaticum showed areas of granulomatous lesions with necrotic areas around the dead ova and adults. In almost all cases, the rats appeared robust, looked healthy, and showed no visible signs of hepatic failure despite the fact that more than 64.0% of their livers were infected by either one or both parasites.

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Cysticercus fasciolaris in Brown Rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Grenada, West Indies

Journal of Parasitology Research ◽

10.1155/2017/1723406 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ravindra Sharma ◽

Keshaw Tiwari ◽

Kristen Birmingham ◽

Elan Armstrong ◽

Andrea Montanez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Larval Stage ◽

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

West Indies ◽

Small Rodents ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cysticercus Fasciolaris ◽

Taenia Taeniaeformis ◽

Single Larva

Cat is the definitive host of Taenia taeniaeformis (T. taeniaeformis). Cysticercus fasciolaris (C. fasciolaris), the larval stage of T. taeniaeformis, develops in small rodents which act as intermediate host. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of C. fasciolaris in brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) in the densely human populated parishes, St. George’s and St. David’s of Grenada, West Indies. One hundred and seventy rats were trapped near the residential areas from May to July, 2017 and examined for C. fasciolaris in their liver. Of the 170 rats 115 (67.6%, CI 95% from 60.1 to 74.6) were positive for the larval stage of T. taeniaeformis. One to three cysts were observed in each liver, containing a single larva in each cyst. The prevalence was 77.9% in St. George and 59.1% in St. David which is a significant difference (p<0.05) between the two parishes under study. Based on gender, prevalence in males was 60.9% and females 74.7%. Significant difference was observed between young and adult rats (p=0.03). Prevalence in young rats was 45.0% compared to adults (70.7%). Further study of risk assessment in the cat population in areas of the present research is strongly suggested.

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Helminth Parasites among Rodents in the Middle East Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10122342 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 2342

Author(s):

Md Mazharul Islam ◽

Elmoubashar Farag ◽

Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan ◽

Devendra Bansal ◽

Salah Al Awaidy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Middle East ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Rattus Rattus ◽

Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽

Helminth Parasites ◽

Middle East Countries ◽

Cysticercus Fasciolaris

Rodents can be a source of zoonotic helminths in the Middle East and also in other parts of the world. The current systematic review aimed to provide baseline data on rodent helminths to recognize the threats of helminth parasites on public health in the Middle East region. Following a systematic search on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, a total of 65 research studies on rodent cestodes, nematodes, and trematodes, which were conducted in the countries of the Middle East, were analyzed. The study identified 44 rodent species from which Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, and Rattus rattus were most common (63%) and recognized as the primary rodent hosts for helminth infestation in this region. Cestodes were the most frequently reported (n = 50), followed by nematodes (49), and trematodes (14). The random effect meta-analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of cestode (57.66%, 95%CI: 34.63–80.70, l2% = 85.6, p < 0.001) was higher in Saudi Arabia, followed by nematode (56.24%, 95%CI: 11.40–101.1, l2% = 96.7, p < 0.001) in Turkey, and trematode (15.83%, 95%CI: 6.25–25.1, l2% = 98.5, p < 0.001) in Egypt. According to the overall prevalence estimates of individual studies, nematodes were higher (32.71%, 95%CI: 24.89–40.54, l2% = 98.6, p < 0.001) followed by cestodes (24.88%, 95%CI: 19.99–29.77, l2% = 94.9, p < 0.001) and trematodes (10.17%, 95%CI: 6.7–13.65, l2% = 98.3, p < 0.001) in the rodents of the Middle East countries. The review detected 22 species of helminths, which have zoonotic importance. The most frequent helminths were Capillaria hepatica, Hymenolepis diminuta, Hymenolepis nana, and Cysticercus fasciolaris. There was no report of rodent-helminths from Bahrain, Jordan, Lebanon, Oman, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. Furthermore, there is an information gap on rodent helminths at the humans-animal interface level in Middle East countries. Through the One Health approach and countrywide detailed studies on rodent-related helminths along with their impact on public health, the rodent control program should be conducted in this region.

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Occurrence of Angiostrongylus species (Nematoda) in populations of Rattus rattus and Rattus fuscipes in coastal forests of south-eastern Australia

Australian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1071/zo06061 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 177 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Vicki L. Stokes ◽

David M. Spratt ◽

Peter B. Banks ◽

Roger P. Pech ◽

Richard L. Williams

Keyword(s):

Rattus Rattus ◽

Coastal Forests ◽

Intermediate Hosts ◽

South Eastern ◽

The North ◽

Eastern Australia ◽

Wide Range ◽

Rattus Fuscipes ◽

Study Sites ◽

South Eastern Australia

The distributions of the introduced nematode parasite, Angiostrongylus cantonensis, and the native Angiostrongylus mackerrasae in Australia are poorly understood. We sampled rodents and/or their faeces, and intermediate gastropod hosts for the presence of Angiostrongylus species in coastal forests surrounding Jervis Bay in south-eastern Australia. We found A. cantonensis in populations of introduced Rattus rattus in forests to the north of Jervis Bay, and A. mackerrasae in native Rattus fuscipes in forests to the south of Jervis Bay. The apparent geographical separation of these lungworm species may be a consequence of host specificity and negative associations between R. rattus and R. fuscipes that results from interspecific competition. A. cantonensis was regularly found in R. rattus or their faeces across 9 of 12 study sites north of Jervis Bay, and three species of snail common to the area were suitable intermediate hosts. This has potential negative implications for native wildlife and human visitors to these forests, because A. cantonensis infection causes zoonotic disease (neuro-angiostrongyliasis) in humans and a wide range of bird and mammal hosts. Management of pest rodents in the study area is warranted.

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