Predictors for Loneliness Perceived by the Interviewer or the Individual: Findings from Limited Disability Pensioners and Medical Rehabilitation Patients

Loneliness can be seen as indicator of social participation which is a major concern of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Temporary disability pensioners and medical rehabilitants are persons with disabilities, whose rights should be empowered. Moreover, loneliness is a major burden for the individual and finding ways to overcome loneliness are accordingly required. Previous research has shown that different socio-demographic characteristics, life-satisfaction and social support interrelate with loneliness. The aim of the present study was to replicate findings with two computer-assisted telephone interview studies with individuals insured with a local pension fund. While study 1 recruited N = 453 disability pensioners (mean age=50.4 years, 53.5 % female) and assessed their loneliness with the typical self-report measured by directly asking, study 2 recruited N = 1,044 patients in a medical rehabilitation (mean age=49.5 years, 36 % female) and used the reports of their interviewers without asking the study participants directly about their loneliness. In both studies, more life-satisfaction was significantly associated with less loneliness (beta=-.41 and -.23). However, only in the interviewer-rated study, higher social support was related to less loneliness (beta=-.16). Sex differences were found in the interviewer-rated study (women were rated as lonelier, beta=.11), while an interrelation with age was only found if self-reports were used in terms of younger disability pensioners reported more loneliness (beta=-.24). The findings open options for counseling to also improve self-reported life-satisfaction. While interviewers rate female interviewees as lonelier than men, interventions should not forget about men as they report equal loneliness if controlled for other variables. The results replicate that health and life-satisfaction are imperative and addressable to decrease loneliness. This should be researched further and used for interventions.

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Effects of workaholism on satisfaction among US managerial and professional women

Gender in Management An International Journal ◽

10.1108/gm-08-2014-0076 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 30 (8) ◽

pp. 635-651 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Daniele V Levy

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Job Satisfaction ◽

Life Satisfaction ◽

Professional Women ◽

Self Report ◽

Content Type ◽

Work Enjoyment ◽

High Drive ◽

The Usa

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate relationships between workaholism and satisfaction outcomes with job, career and life overall among managerial and professional women and explore the moderating role of social support in these associations. Design/methodology/approach – Self-report measures collected online from 350 alumnae from top-ranked business schools currently in the US labor force were analyzed through hierarchical multiple regression analyses. Findings – Workaholism components explained significant amounts of variance in job, career and life satisfaction. Specifically, lower levels of work enjoyment were consistently associated with detrimental outcomes and high drive impacted both job and life satisfaction negatively. Social support moderated the relationship between job satisfaction and workaholism through work enjoyment, with women with greater social support demonstrating higher job satisfaction at equivalent work enjoyment levels versus those with low social support. Research limitations/implications – This paper shares methodological weaknesses involving the nature of the sample and self-report methods of measurement common to workaholism research. Practical implications – In the context of today’s competitive workplaces, results provide a cautionary message of the harmful effects of workaholic dispositions for a certain segment of professional women. It emphasizes the importance of work enjoyment and positive intrinsic motivation, while suggesting that job designs that reflect the work involvement predispositions of each woman can be beneficial. Originality/value – This paper extends the understanding of workaholism correlates to female MBA graduates from top management schools in the USA and investigates, for the first time, the role of social support in those relationships.

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Predicting Change in Life Satisfaction as a Function of Group Counseling

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1984.55.1.199 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 55 (1) ◽

pp. 199-204 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ron L. Evans ◽

Leah Kleinman ◽

Eugen M. Halar ◽

Kaye Herzer

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Life Satisfaction ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Group Counseling ◽

Disabled Persons ◽

Self Report ◽

Adjustment Problems ◽

Phone Calls ◽

Before And After ◽

Acceptable Reliability

Clients' characteristics associated with outcome of group counseling were identified in a sample of physically disabled persons using standardized self-report inventories. 60 subjects were tested before and after an 8-wk. treatment interval for signs of emotional disorder, inactivity, and social problems related to being severely disabled. Treatment consisted of group conference phone calls using self-determined task assignments as a focus for discussion. Loneliness accounted for 68% of the variance in post-treatment life-satisfaction scores. Signs of depression and available social support were also significant predictors. Remarkably lonely persons showed significant decreases in signs of loneliness after treatment. Using regression analysis, persons with adjustment problems could be identified and prognosis for treatment predicted with acceptable reliability.

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Short Term Support Groups for Recently Separated People

Children Australia ◽

10.1017/s0312897000012224 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 13-16

Author(s):

Joy Rainey

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Support Groups ◽

Self Report ◽

Support Program ◽

Group Support ◽

Present Program ◽

Short Term ◽

Critical Variable ◽

Anonymous Questionnaire ◽

The Individual

This paper describes a group support program for separated people. A simple self-report anonymous questionnaire was the only evaluative device used: the feedback was overwhelmingly positive. The present program raised a number of issues, in particular – who are the most appropriate personnel to deliver the service; whether volunteer or professional. It is also noted that various researchers view social support as a critical variable for the eventual adjustment of the individual. Given the high number of those affected by separation and divorce, inclusion of such services would seem important as part of any preventive community program.

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Social Supports Available to Persons with Disabilities in Nigeria

10.5772/intechopen.97790 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chinyere Onalu ◽

Nneka Nwafor

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Social Exclusion ◽

Social Inclusion ◽

Social Supports ◽

Persons With Disabilities ◽

Perceptions Of Disability ◽

Functional Social Support ◽

Negative Perceptions ◽

The Individual ◽

Personality Features

Disability entails more than the mere physical deformity such as stroke; however, a disability could manifest in different forms; mental, emotional, sensory and intellectual disability among others. People with disability are faced with a lot of challenges and they experience depression, isolation and social exclusion which were explained in studies from the natural and behavioral sciences. Also, Social workers and Psychologists alike have often discussed the importance of social inclusion and social support for people living with a disability. Social support helps to reduce psychological stress, enhance the quality of life and achieve social inclusion. Lack of social support increases the risk of depression, social exclusion, maladaptive behaviors and mortality. In this paper, we will give a thorough explanation of Social support and its forms. We emphasized the influence of neurobiology, personality features, social system and perception on who gets social support and to what extent. The paper also discussed Nigeria’s perceptions of disability and the social support networks in Nigeria, using vast literature. From literature, social supports are of different kinds however, this paper emphasized the need for functional social support which entails changing negative perceptions about disability. In other words, social support should not be just assisting the individual to access their immediate needs but should entail involving them in decision making – social inclusion.

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Protective factors in the attainment of resilience in persons with disability

Masyarakat Kebudayaan dan Politik ◽

10.20473/mkp.v31i32018.291-299 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 291

Author(s):

Wiwin Hendriani

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Protective Factors ◽

Psychological Intervention ◽

Normal Person ◽

Persons With Disabilities ◽

Self Identity ◽

Instrumental Case Study ◽

Study Approach ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

The Individual

People who live with a physical disability requires further attention. Living as a disabled person is not easy, especially if the individual was born as a normal person. This study aims to identify the protective factors that play an inﬂuential role in the attainment of resilience in individuals who experience physical changes as a disabled person. This research applied the instrumental case study approach. The participants consisted of eight individuals with physical disabilities. The data was gathered using an in-depth interview, while the thematic analysis technique was used in the data analysis. The results show that there were eight protective factors involved in achieving resilience in individuals who experience physical change as a disabled person. The eight factors consist of four external protective factors; social support, psychological intervention, the presence of a source of inspiration and the availability of public facilities for persons with disabilities. There are also four internal protective factors, namely religiosity, the willingness to learn, an awareness of social support, and an awareness of self-identity. The results of this study can be implemented in order to assist in the attainment of resilience among other groups of individuals who also undergo a change of physical condition through the strengthening of the eight protective factors.

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Evaluation of 2 Self-Report Measures of Physical Activity With Accelerometry in Young Adults

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.10.1.85 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 85-96 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

John R. Sirard ◽

Peter Hannan ◽

Gretchen J. Cutler ◽

Dianne Nuemark-Sztainer

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Young Adults ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Self Report ◽

Mean Values ◽

Absolute Value ◽

Individual Level ◽

The Individual ◽

Study Participants ◽

Physical Activity Recall

Background:The purpose of this paper is to evaluate self-reported physical activity of young adults using 1-week and 1-year recall measures with an accelerometer as the criterion measure.Methods:Participants were a subsample (N = 121, 24 ± 1.7 yrs) from a large longitudinal cohort study. Participants completed a detailed 1-year physical activity recall, wore an accelerometer for 1 week and then completed a brief 1-week physical activity recall when they returned the accelerometer.Results:Mean values for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) from the 3 instruments were 3.2, 2.2, and 13.7 hours/wk for the accelerometer, 1-week recall, and 1-year recall, respectively (all different from each other, P < .001). Spearman correlations for moderate, vigorous, and MVPA between the accelerometer and the 1-week recall (0.30, 0.50, and 0.40, respectively) and the 1-year recall (0.31, 0.42, and 0.44, respectively) demonstrated adequate validity.Conclusions:Both recall instruments may be used for ranking physical activity at the group level. At the individual level, the 1-week recall performed much better in terms of absolute value of physical activity. The 1-year recall overestimated total physical activity but additional research is needed to fully test its validity.

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Stressor, Social Support, Coping Strategy, Stress, and Life Satisfaction of Married Woman Student

Journal of Family Sciences ◽

10.29244/jfs.2.1.1-14 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Indrawati Zuhara ◽

Istiqlaliyah Muflikhati ◽

Diah Krisnatuti

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Life Satisfaction ◽

Women Students ◽

Academic Success ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Married Women ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Family Characteristics ◽

Self Report ◽

Married Students

<p>Stress can hinder academic success, especially for married women student because stress can decreased energy and motivation to do college activities and household tasks, therefore it is important for the students to avoid stress in order to have a good achievement at academic. This research aims to analyze the influence of individual characteristics, family characteristics, stressors, social support, coping strategies, and stress towards the married women students life satisfaction. The object of this research are post graduate women students of Bogor Agriculture University. Data collection is done using self-report method to 100 women married students. The collected data were analyzed using multiple linear regression test and corellation test. The most stressor came from itself, instrumental support was the most accepted among social support, most applied strategy in coping is the problem-focused strategy, the highest life satisfaction was life full of meaning and responsibility. Life satisfaction of married women students was influenced significantly positive by coping strategies and significantly negatif by stress.</p>

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The Stereotype Threat Effect

Zeitschrift für Neuropsychologie ◽

10.1024/1016-264x/a000234 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 249-258 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Steffen Moritz ◽

Insa Happach ◽

Karla Spirandelli ◽

Tania M. Lincoln ◽

Fabrice Berna

Keyword(s):

Stereotype Threat ◽

Self Report ◽

Neuropsychological Performance ◽

Neurocognitive Deficits ◽

Online Study ◽

Memory And Attention ◽

Threat Effect ◽

Efficacy Expectations ◽

Study Participants ◽

The Impact

Abstract. Neurocognitive deficits in patients with mental disorders are partially due to secondary influences. “Stereotype threat” denotes the phenomenon that performance is compromised when a participant is confronted with a devaluing stereotype. The present study examined the impact of stereotype threat on neuropsychological performance in schizophrenia. Seventy-seven participants with a self-reported diagnosis of schizophrenia were randomly assigned to either an experimental condition involving stereotype threat activation or a control condition in an online study. Participants completed memory and attention tests as well as questionnaires on motivation, self-efficacy expectations, cognitive complaints, and self-stigmatization. Contrary to our prediction, the two groups showed no significant differences regarding neuropsychological performance and self-report measures. Limitations, such as a possibly too weak threat cue, are discussed and recommendations for future studies are outlined.

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