scholarly journals On the Sound Environment of the City of Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, Mexico

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Boullosa ◽  
C. Alvarado Z.
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Sea Waves ◽  
Bird Calls ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Sound Environment ◽  
Urban Bus ◽  
The City

An exploration of the sound environment in the city of Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, Mexico, is presented. A series ofinterviews were held with 19 residents, of which 7 were undergraduate students, related to the perception of sound inor around places of different zones in the so-called “Viejo Vallarta” (“Old Vallarta”).The purpose was twofold, firstly, to explore the ideas people have relating to the sounds they hear in the city -and ingeneral, the ideas they have relating to peace and tranquility and its possible relation with the sound environment-;secondly, to identify some zones or places that have a particular sound environment - positive or negative. Naturalsounds emerged as an important part of the sound identity of the Vallarta region and they seem to be highlyappreciated even when the sound levels are high. Sounds related to nature emerged in all interviews: bird calls,sound of wind rustling through trees, sound of breaking sea waves, etc. The interviewees identified places or zoneswith a negative sonic identity due to disagreeable or high intensity sounds; traffic flow, and mostly the urban bus, is tobe blamed for in the main (some mentioned radios at high volume). A series of sound levels (dBA re 20 μPa) at threedifferent times of the year: February, April, and October, 2009 were measured in some locations mentioned by theinterviewees. The average sound levels found on those locations considered as having a disagreeable identity werethe highest.

scholarly journals Hearing symptoms personal stereos

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Borja ◽  
Tiara da Luz
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Inverse Relation ◽  
Observational Prospective Study ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Long Run ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The City ◽  
Exposition Time

Summary Introduction: Practical and portable the personal stereos if had become almost indispensable accessories in the day the day. Studies disclose that the portable players of music can cause auditory damages in the long run for who hear music in high volume for a drawn out time. Objective: to verify the prevalence of auditory symptoms in users of amplified players and to know its habits of use Method: Observational prospective study of transversal cut carried through in three institutions of education of the city of Salvador BA, being two of public net and one of the private net. 400 students had answered to the questionnaire, of both the sex, between 14 and 30 years that had related the habit to use personal stereos. Results: The symptoms most prevalent had been hyperacusis (43.5%), auricular fullness (30.5%) and humming (27.5), being that the humming is the symptom most present in the population youngest. How much to the daily habits: 62.3% frequent use, 57% in raised intensities, 34% in drawn out periods. An inverse relation between exposition time was verified and the band of age (p = 0,000) and direct with the prevalence of the humming. Conclusion: Although to admit to have knowledge on the damages that the exposition the sound of high intensity can cause the hearing, the daily habits of the young evidence the inadequate use of the portable stereos characterized by long periods of exposition, raised intensities, frequent use and preference for the insertion phones. The high prevalence of symptoms after the use suggests a bigger risk for the hearing of these young.

ENSURING THE PEDESTRIAN’S SAFETY DESIGN OF URBAN STREET CROSSWALKS

2019 ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Nemchinov
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Minimum Distance ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Safety Design ◽  
Positive Practices ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing ◽  
The City

The article presents an analysis of positive practices for ensuring the safety of pedestrians at the inter-section of the city streets carriageway, as well as a description of some innovations of regulatory and tech-nical documents, including an increased number of cases when a safety island can be arranged at a pedestri-an crossing. requirements for providing visibility at a pedestrian crossing to determine the minimum distance of visibility at a pedestrian crossing based on the time required pedestrians for crossing the roadway, recommended options for using ground unregulated pedestrian crossings on trapezoidal artificial irregularities according to GOST R 52605; traffic flow) and Z-shaped (also in the direction of the traffic flow), the requirements for the size of the securi-ty island have been established to allow put bicycle inside of safety island, a recommended set of measures to reduce the vehicle speed and describes the types of activities and describes a method of their application, describes methods zones device with reduced travel speed - residential and school zones, set requirements for turboroundabouts and methods of their design.

Development of a Ceramic Particulate Trap for Urban Buses

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Cornetti ◽  
P. P. Messori ◽  
C. Operti
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Ceramic Filter ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Ceramic Particulate ◽  
On Line ◽  
Urban Bus ◽  
The City ◽  
Complete Regeneration ◽  
Fuel Burner

Main aspects concerning the development of a burner-assisted ceramic particulate trap for diesel engines equipping urban buses have been examined. First of all the basic phenomena causing particulate accumulation inside the filter and chemical and physical parameters controlling regeneration have been studied. Then systematic measurements were performed in different running conditions on an urban bus equipped with a ceramic filter using a diesel fuel burner to start regeneration in order to verify the theoretical approach. These tests showed that: (1) The amount of particulate collected by the trap is a function of the different flat and/or hilly circuits inside the city; (2) regeneration has to be started with a proper amount of particulate collected (too little does not allow complete regeneration, too much is dangerous for trap life). Therefore an on-line continuous monitoring system of the particulate collected has been developed. When a certain level is exceeded, the filter is bypassed and regeneration starts. The system is based on the direct measurement of the exhaust flow by means of a Venturi and the pressure loss on the trap. The amount of particulate is defined by real time comparison of Venturi differential pressure and filter pressure loss. Urban buses were purposely designed in order to be equipped with a ceramic particulate trap plus the control unit. Tests of the system have been successfully performed on the buses operated on flat and hilly circuits inside the city.

scholarly journals Locate your soundscape: interacting with the acoustic environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Orio ◽  
Berardina De Carolis ◽  
Francesco Liotard
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Initial Experiment ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Acoustic Environment ◽  
Entire Country ◽  
Interactive Map ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The City

AbstractAlthough overshadowed by visual information, sound plays a central role in how people perceive an environment. The effect of a landscape is enriched by its soundscape, that is, the stratification of all the acoustic sources that, often unconsciously, are heard. This paper presents a framework for archiving, browsing, and accessing soundscapes, either remotely or on-site. The framework is based on two main components: a web-based interface to upload and search the recordings of an acoustic environment, enriched by in- formation about geolocation, timing, and context of the recording; and a mobile app to browse and listen to the recordings, using an interactive map or GPS information. To populate the archive, we launched two crowdsourcing initiatives. An initial experiment examined the city of Padua’s soundscape through the participation of a group of undergraduate students. A broader experiment, which was proposed to all people in Italy, aimed at tracking how the nationwide COVID-19 lockdown was dramatically changing the soundscape of the entire country.

TripRes

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Xu ◽  
Zijie Fang ◽  
Lianyong Qi ◽  
Xuyun Zhang ◽  
Qiang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Discrete Distribution ◽  
Resource Provisioning ◽  
Path Selection ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Traffic Flows ◽  
Multimedia Services ◽  
Traffic Flow Prediction ◽  
The City ◽  
Multimedia Surveillance

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) connects vehicles, roadside units (RSUs) and other intelligent objects, enabling data sharing among them, thereby improving the efficiency of urban traffic and safety. Currently, collections of multimedia content, generated by multimedia surveillance equipment, vehicles, and so on, are transmitted to edge servers for implementation, because edge computing is a formidable paradigm for accommodating multimedia services with low-latency resource provisioning. However, the uneven or discrete distribution of the traffic flow covered by edge servers negatively affects the service performance (e.g., overload and underload) of edge servers in multimedia IoV systems. Therefore, how to accurately schedule and dynamically reserve proper numbers of resources for multimedia services in edge servers is still challenging. To address this challenge, a traffic flow prediction driven resource reservation method, called TripRes, is developed in this article. Specifically, the city map is divided into different regions, and the edge servers in a region are treated as a “big edge server” to simplify the complex distribution of edge servers. Then, future traffic flows are predicted using the deep spatiotemporal residual network (ST-ResNet), and future traffic flows are used to estimate the amount of multimedia services each region needs to offload to the edge servers. With the number of services to be offloaded in each region, their offloading destinations are determined through latency-sensitive transmission path selection. Finally, the performance of TripRes is evaluated using real-world big data with over 100M multimedia surveillance records from RSUs in Nanjing China.

Is high-intensity interval training a time-efficient exercise strategy to improve health and fitness?

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna B. Gillen ◽  
Martin J. Gibala
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Exercise Participation ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disorders ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Growing research suggests that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a time-efficient exercise strategy to improve cardiorespiratory and metabolic health. “All out” HIIT models such as Wingate-type exercise are particularly effective, but this type of training may not be safe, tolerable or practical for many individuals. Recent studies, however, have revealed the potential for other models of HIIT, which may be more feasible but are still time-efficient, to stimulate adaptations similar to more demanding low-volume HIIT models and high-volume endurance-type training. As little as 3 HIIT sessions per week, involving ≤10 min of intense exercise within a time commitment of ≤30 min per session, including warm-up, recovery between intervals and cool down, has been shown to improve aerobic capacity, skeletal muscle oxidative capacity, exercise tolerance and markers of disease risk after only a few weeks in both healthy individuals and people with cardiometabolic disorders. Additional research is warranted, as studies conducted have been relatively short-term, with a limited number of measurements performed on small groups of subjects. However, given that “lack of time” remains one of the most commonly cited barriers to regular exercise participation, low-volume HIIT is a time-efficient exercise strategy that warrants consideration by health practitioners and fitness professionals.

Modelling High-Intensity Crime Areas: Comparing Police Perceptions with Offence/Offender Data in Sheffield

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Craglia ◽  
Robert Haining ◽  
Paola Signoretta
Keyword(s):  
Violent Crime ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Police Perceptions ◽  
The City ◽  
Area Data

High-intensity crime areas are areas where high levels of violent crime coexist with large numbers of offenders, thereby creating an area that may present significant policing problems. In an earlier paper, the authors analysed police perceptions of high-intensity crime areas, and now extend that earlier work by comparing the police's perception of where such areas are located with offence/offender data. They also report on the construction of predictive models that identify the area-specific attributes that explain the distribution of such areas. By focusing on the city of Sheffield, the authors draw on a wider range of local area data than was possible in the original paper, and also question how widespread such areas may be in Sheffield.

Oosterweel – from an underground and even underwater road infrastructure plan to an urban transformation project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc Hellemans
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Construction Site ◽  
Successful Completion ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
Living Space ◽  
The City ◽  
Made In

<p>For the coming ten years, the heart of Europe will turn into a gigantic construction site for works on one of the largest hubs of the continent: Antwerp. The Oosterweel Link is the project whereby the motorway ring around Antwerp is undergoing a metamorphosis to reinvigorate traffic flow and add living space to the City. The project had come to a standstill for several years as a result of protests by assertive citizens, but was given a second lease of life following a large-scale participation project.</p><p>To ensure its successful completion, unparalleled efforts are being made in the field and in the area of digitization. It is therefore with good reason that in Belgium the project is referred to as “the construction site of the century”.</p>

scholarly journals Spectral Analysis of Traffic Functions in Urban Areas

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 477-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Nemtanu ◽  
Ilona Madalina Costea ◽  
Catalin Dumitrescu
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Fourier Analysis ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
The City ◽  
Different Time Scales

The paper is focused on the Fourier transform application in urban traffic analysis and the use of said transform in traffic decomposition. The traffic function is defined as traffic flow generated by different categories of traffic participants. A Fourier analysis was elaborated in terms of identifying the main traffic function components, called traffic sub-functions. This paper presents the results of the method being applied in a real case situation, that is, an intersection in the city of Bucharest where the effect of a bus line was analysed. The analysis was done using different time scales, while three different traffic functions were defined to demonstrate the theoretical effect of the proposed method of analysis. An extension of the method is proposed to be applied in urban areas, especially in the areas covered by predictive traffic control.

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