scholarly journals Assessment of Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 148-151
Author(s):  
Prathamesh Garkar
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Rural Roads ◽  
Rural Road ◽  
The Government ◽  
Broad Objective ◽  
Growth Centres

In India, Rural Road Connectivity, has been appreciated as a key component of Rural Development, which promotes access to economic and social services and generates increased agricultural incomes as well as strengthens rural livelihoods. In this context, Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), was launched in December, 2000 as a special intervention of the Government of India with the broad objective of ensuring sustainable poverty reduction. The scheme aims to provide good quality all-weather single connectivity to every eligible habitation. Rural roads are a state subject under the Constitution and as such are the basic responsibility of the states. However under the PMGSY, the construction of good quality and well-engineered roads are fully funded by the Government of India. Maintenance of these roads is the responsibility of the states. The year 2013 saw the launch of PMGSY-II with the objectives of consolidating the existing rural road network and upgrading existing rural roads that provide connectivity to rural growth centres. PMGSY-II envisages sharing of construction costs between the Centre and the states with maintenance costs continuing to be funded fully by the states.

A REVIEW OF THE CHALLENGES OF RURAL ROAD NETWORK DEVELOPMENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justus N. Agumba
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Network Development ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Rural Roads ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Road ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Farm Produce ◽  
Development Goals

It is a proven fact that development and maintenance of road infrastructure are prerequisites for rapid economic growth and poverty reduction. This paper aims to provide a review of challenges faced on rural road network development, the effects of poor rural road network, and the interventions proposed to improve the state of the rural road network. This research is based on literature review. The current challenges stifling the rural roads development are: technically inexperienced constituency roads committee, increased overhead costs, large conflict of interest due to bigger groups involvement, inadequate supervision capacity, transition into the devolved government structures and challenges of road classifications into national and county roads. The negative effects on the rural road network on growth and productivity are delays, and loss of sending farm produce to the market. It is recommended that governments could intervene by; increasing fuel levy, to create an enabling environment for the private sector participation under private public partnership (PPP) arrangements but to name a few. This study advocates for practical policies on rural road network improvement that will lead to the achievement of some of the Sustainable Development Goals 2030. The author views the SDGs as catalyst to correct the ills faced by the majority of the populace currently.

scholarly journals Enhancing rural livelihoods in Tanza-nia : A small-holder farmers’ perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel Kinyondo ◽  
Joseph Magashi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
The Past ◽  
Small Holder Farmers ◽  
The Government ◽  
Small Holder

Poverty reduction has been a difficult milestone for Tanzania to achieve despite recording remarkable economic growth over the past decade. This is because the attained growth is not inclusive, in that sectors contributing to this growth employ fewer people. Given the fact that agriculture continues to employ the majority of people in Tanzania, efforts to improve livelihoods should necessarily be geared towards transforming the sector. It is in this context that using a sample of 3,000 farmers from 13 regions of Tanzania; this Tanzania, this study set out to examine challenges facing farmers and their respective solutions following the sustainable livelihood framework. Findings show that improving farmers’ livelihoods would entail concerted efforts by the government to avail to farmers, quality and affordable seeds, fertilizer, agricultural infrastructures, subsidies, extension services, markets, information alert, affordable loans, and areas for pastures. This implies that the government needs to allocate enough funds to the agricultural sector if farmers’ needs are to be met. We note, however, that government’s allocation to the sector has alarmingly generally been exhibiting a declining trend for the past four years. It is against this background that we strongly recommend that the government rethinks its position and prioritize the agricultural sector in its budget.

scholarly journals Management of Distribution Programs "Non Cash Food Aid" in Rembang District

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 482
Author(s):  
Melly Anggraeni ◽  
Hardi Warsono ◽  
Ida Hayu Dwimawanti
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Food Aid ◽  
Electronic Money ◽  
The Future ◽  
Government Mandates ◽  
The Government

In the context of poverty reduction, the Government mandates the distribution of Non-Cash Food Assistance. Non-Cash Food Aid, hereinafter abbreviated as BPNT, is a policy of the Central Government in the form of food social assistance in the form of non-cash given to Beneficiary Families (KPM) every month through electronic accounts and is only used to buy food in E-warong in collaboration with banks. In BPNT distribution management in Rembang Regency, the planning aspect begins with the data collection and validation of population data, with the aim of channeling BPNT on target. Organizing is done in coordination between the Ministry of Social Affairs, Social Services, Women's Empowerment and Family Planning District. Rembang, BNI, and e-warong agents in each district. The implementation was carried out in stages, by distributing non-cash assistance of Rp 110,000.00 per family. Supervision is carried out in coordination with BNI, because the distribution system uses electronic money. The obstacle faced is that there are still residents who are eligible for assistance, but have not been distributed by BPNT. So in the future there needs to be up to date data validation. In the future, the distribution will be more on target.

Sustainability of Rural Road Network Given Changing Demands of Rural Agriculture: Evidence from Texas

2003 ◽  
Vol 1819 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanda Prozzi ◽  
Robert Harrison ◽  
Jorge A. Prozzi
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Rural Roads ◽  
Rural Industry ◽  
Rural Agriculture ◽  
Rural Road ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Axle Loads ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Pavement Damage

Over the past two decades, the changing transport demands of agriculture and rural industry and the strategic rail decisions that resulted in the abandonment of many rural rail links have had severe impacts on rural road infrastructure. As larger and heavier trucks haul products over longer distances on rural pavements, the financial ability of the state and local governments to maintain and improve the rural road network has been diminishing. Clearly there is a need to recognize the significance of the agriculture–transport relationship and to determine the impacts on rural roads associated with major agricultural traffic generators to ensure the sustainability of rural road networks. Evidence of the increased truck volumes associated with industrialized agriculture and strategic changes in the rail industry is provided through a case study of the grain industry, with specific emphasis on the production and consumption of corn in Texas. A methodology is suggested to quantify the impacts of increased truck volumes and axle loads on rural pavements that were not designed or built to accommodate more and heavier axle loads. It is believed that a simple methodology to quantify pavement damage can be invaluable to demonstrating rural maintenance needs and to informing rural transport investment decisions.

scholarly journals The Opportunies of Urban Horticulture for Poverty Alleviation in Dar es Salaam city, Tanzania - A Case of Ubungo Municipality

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Obadia Kyetuza Bishoge ◽  
Shaldon Leparan Suntu
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
The Government ◽  
Dar Es Salaam City

The study was conducted to explore the opportunities of the urban agriculture focusing on vegetable and ornamental flowers production towards poverty reduction and alleviation in Dar es Salaam city, a case study of Ubungo Municipality. A non-random (availability) and purposive sampling methods were used to select 240 smallholder farmers and 16 local government officers as crucial informants respectively. The data were collected by using observation, questionnaires, interviews and documentary reviews. The collected data were coded and analyzed by using the SPSS. The study revealed that production of urban vegetable and ornamental flowers has a significant positive contribution towards the increase in availability and accessibility of food security, nutrients and income generation for the improvement of essential social services such as water, electricity, health, and education. It is recommended that the government and other stakeholders should recognize and provide more support to this sector for sustainable development

Financial and monetary policy of the State and its impact on the income level and poverty reduction in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 964-990
Author(s):  
N.I. Kulikov ◽  
V.L. Parkhomenko ◽  
Akun Anna Stefani Rozi Mobio
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Subject. We assess the impact of tight financial and monetary policy of the government of the Russian Federation and the Bank of Russia on the level of household income and poverty reduction in Russia. Objectives. The purpose of the study is to analyze the results of financial and monetary policy in Russia and determine why the situation with household income and poverty has not changed for the recent six years, and the GDP growth rate in Russia is significantly lagging behind the global average. Methods. The study employs methods of analysis of scientific and information base, and synthesis of obtained data. The methodology and theoretical framework draw upon works of domestic and foreign scientists on economic and financial support to economy and population’s income. Results. We offer measures for liberalization of the financial and monetary policy of the government and the Central Bank to ensure changes in the structure of the Russian economy. The proposed alternative economic and financial policy of the State will enable the growth of real incomes of the population, poverty reduction by half by 2024, and annual GDP growth up to 6 per cent. Conclusions. It is crucial to change budget priorities, increase the salaries of public employees, introduce a progressive tax rate for individuals; to reduce the key rate to the value of annual inflation and limit the bank margin. The country needs a phased program to increase the population's income, which will ensure consumer demand.

Udział kobiet w działalności prawotwórczej Senatu II Rzeczypospolitej

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Fiktus
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
The Government ◽  
Political Groups

At the end of World War I, in many European countries women won the active and passive right to vote. Poland was one of the first countries, where women were allowed to participate in political life. Already at the time of establishing the Legislative Sejm (1919) the first women-MPs took their seats in Parliament. Similarly, the situation presented itself in the case of the Senate. During its first session (1922) women participated in the works of the upper chamber. The purpose of this paper is to present the participation of women in the legislative work of the Senate in various terms of office. The participation of women in the legislative work of Parliament was characterized by their involvement in issues concerning education or social services, while avoiding participation in the legislative work or that dealing with political matters. The situation presented itself differently as regards women’s involvement in the work of the Senate. A good example here was the activity of Dorota Kałuszyńska, who – during the work on the so called April Constitution of 1935 – not only participated in it very actively, but also ruthlessly attacked the then ruling camp. Another very interesting episode related to activities of women in the Senate was an informal covenant during the work on the bill to limit the sale, administration and consumption of alcoholic beverages. Belonging to different political groups: the said D. Kłuszyńska as a representative of the Polish Socialist Party, Helena Kisielewska from the Bloc of National Minorities and Hanna Hubicka of BBWR [the Nonpartisan Bloc for Cooperation with the Government] unanimously criticized the regulations in force, which – in their opinion – did not fulfill their role when it came to anti-alcohol protection. The participation of women as far as their number was concerned was indeed small, but the Senate (like Parliament) of the Second Republic functioned in the period when women had just begun their activity on the legislative forum. Undoubtedly, it was a very interesting period, in which women had the benefit in the form of gaining their parliamentary experience. For example, it gave rise to subsequent activities of Dorota Kłuszyńska, who actively participated in the legislative works of the Sejm in the years 1947–1952, dealing with social issues or family.

Research on Understanding the vulnerabilities of Children with Disabilities Living in Alternative Care

2021 ◽  
pp. 234930032110228
Author(s):  
Shamim Ferdous ◽  
Mohammad Deloar Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Residential Institutions ◽  
The Government

Children with disabilities (CWDs) are one of the most marginalised and excluded groups in the society. Facing daily discrimination in the form of negative attitudes, lack of adequate policies and legislation, they are effectively barred from realising their rights to healthcare, education and even survival. It has been estimated that exposure towards all forms of violence against CWDs is four-time greater than that of children without disabilities. Bangladesh has an estimated 7–10 million CWDs (out of a total of 72 million children, World Health Organisation Report). Most of the time, these children are treated as a burden to their families or the community and thus become subject to violence. There are very few specialised institutions with residential facility to take care of them. So, they are institutionalised in general residential institutions at a significantly higher rate than other children. But both the special and general residential institutions have lack of skilled human resources and knowledge of the special situation and needs of CWDs. Peer groups of the CWDs are also less sensitised, which result in further stigma and discrimination of CWDs. A 2010 study was done by the Ministry of Women and children Affairs. The findings from interviews with adolescents’ aged 13–16 in 12 locations of Dhaka City revealed their extreme vulnerability. In 2010, a study by Bangladesh Protibondhi Foundation that conducted a survey supported by the Save the Children Sweden–Denmark found that 51.4% of CWDs are either at risk of sexual abuse (12.5%) or have been sexually abused (38.9%).The government of Bangladesh has taken a number of legislative and policy steps that indicate commitment to advancing the rights of persons with disabilities. In terms of international instruments, Department of Social Services under Ministry of Social Welfare operates various types of institutions for the children and also CWDs. The study will adopt qualitative and quantitative methods to collect information from both primary and secondary sources and also assess the situation of government non-government organisations/religious institutions where CWDs have residential facilities in order to understand which factors contribute to increased vulnerability of these children.

Poverty reduction by improving health and social services in Vietnam

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan. Gien ◽  
Sharon Taylor ◽  
Ken Barter ◽  
Nguyen Tiep ◽  
Bui X. Mai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Health And Social Services

MECHANISM OF PROVISION OF SOCIAL SERVICES AS AN ESSENTIAL FACTOR OF SELF-ORGANIZATION OF SOCIETY AND CIVIL INITIATIVE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosukhina K.V.
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government

The article is devoted to the analysis of the development of public initiatives in Ukraine, as well as their role in building a dialogue between the government and civil society. The connection of the public initiative with the provision of social services is considered. The interaction of civil society institutions with public authorities is determined.

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