scholarly journals Design and Analysis of Foreward Step Automotive

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 2357-2363
Author(s):  
Veenam Varaprasad
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Transient State ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Wind Tunnel Testing ◽  
Optimal Model ◽  
High Speeds ◽  
Vehicle Aerodynamics ◽  
Lift And Drag ◽  
The Cost

Nowadays with increase in competition in automobile sector, vehicle aerodynamics plays an important role. Aerodynamics affect the performance of vehicle due to change in parameters such as lift and drag force which plays a significant role at high speeds. With improvement in computer technology, manufacturers are looking toward computational fluid dynamics instead of wind tunnel testing to reduce the testing time and keeps the cost of R&D low. In this paper, lift and drag of production vehicle are determined by the analysis of flow of air around it using Ansys 18.0. After that, analysis was done on the car with different engine hood angles. Based on Cl and Cd values, optimal model was selected. To validate steady state results, transient state analysis was done on this optimal model. By introducing this considerably reduce the drag and increase lift hence improves the performance of vehicle.

Numerical and Experimental Study of Turbulent Flows Around Clark Y-14 Aerofoil

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kshitij Vadake ◽  
Jie Cui
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Real World ◽  
Force Measurement ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Wind Tunnel Testing ◽  
Cfd Simulations ◽  
Measurement Device ◽  
Tunnel Testing

Experimental Fluid Dynamics (EFD) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) have been instrumental in Fluid Mechanics to help solve scientific and engineering problems. This research attempts to use both techniques to perform a parametric study of turbulence flow around airfoil ClarkY-14 at various velocity and angle of attack (AoA). Clark Y-14 airfoil was designed in the 1920’s. It demonstrated good overall performance at low and moderate Reynolds numbers. With the progress in the aviation field, its performance was sub-optimal for newer aircraft designs. However, with the advent of RC airplanes and model aircrafts, there is a renewed interest in this airfoil. Various research projects have been conducted using this airfoil, but there hasn’t been a combined EFD and CFD study of the performance characteristics of the airfoil itself, which still finds real world applications today. One important aspect of this research included the investigation of the effects of a Force Measurement Device/Sensor, which is typically used in scaled/full-size wind tunnels to mount the test model as well as measure the forces/moments acting on it during the testing. The presence of such a device could affect the quality of the data obtained from the wind tunnel testing when compared to a real world application scenario where the aforementioned device may not be present. To the best of the author’s knowledge, no detailed study has been published on the effects of such devices. In this study, the results with and without the measuring device were generated by using CFD simulations. The results were then compared to see to what extent the inclusion of these devices will affect the results. The methodology used for this research was experimental as well as computational. In the present research, a commercially available CFD software STAR-CCM+ was employed to simulate the flows around airfoil Clark Y-14. The experimental data was obtained from wind tunnel tests using AEROLAB Educational Wind Tunnel (EWT) and compared with the simulation data from the CFD. The two data sets were in good agreement. Both experimental and simulation results were used to understand the effects of the measurement device/sensor used in the scaled wind tunnel on the lift and drag coefficients of the airfoil. Two separate CFD simulation setups were designed to model the presence and absence of the measurement device/sensor. These setups replicated the wind tunnel setup. The airfoil was tested and simulated at different speeds as well as different AoA. The comparative study gave a useful insight on the accuracy of the CFD simulations in relation to the actual testing. The analysis of results concluded that the force measurement device/sensor had insignificant effects on the accuracy and quality of data collected through wind tunnel testing.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of a Wind Turbine Blade with Dimples to Enhance the Efficiency through CFD with ANSYS R16.0

2018 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
M. Rajaram Narayanan ◽  
S. Nallusamy ◽  
M. Ragesh Sathiyan
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Optimum Combination ◽  
Surface Topology ◽  
Wind Turbine Blades ◽  
Lift And Drag

In the global scenario, wind turbines and their aerodynamics are always subjected to constant research for increasing their efficiency which converts the abundant wind energy into usable electrical energy. In this research, an attempt is made to increase the efficiency through the changes in surface topology of wind turbines through computational fluid dynamics. Dimples on the other hand are very efficient in reducing air drag as is it evident from the reduction of drag and increase in lift in golf balls. The predominant factors influencing the efficiency of the wind turbines are lift and drag which are to be maximized and minimized respectively. In this research, surface of turbine blades are integrated with dimples of various sizes and arrangements and are analyzed using computational fluid dynamics to obtain an optimum combination. The analysis result shows that there is an increase in power with about 15% increase in efficiency. Hence, integration of dimples on the surface of wind turbine blades has helped in increasing the overall efficiency of the wind turbine.

scholarly journals Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of A VCR Research Engine Working with Cold Flow Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S3) ◽  
pp. 2137-2140
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Points Of Interest ◽  
Fundamental Goal ◽  
The Cost

The fundamental goal of the task is to exhibit the aftereffects of the computational liquid elements reproduction of an immediate infusion single chamber motor utilizing diesel, biodiesel, or diverse blend extents of diesel and biodiesel and contrast the outcomes with a proving ground estimation in a similar working point. The motor utilized for checking the consequences of the reproduction is a solitary chamber explore motor from AVL with an open motor control unit, so the infusion timings and amounts can be controlled and broke down. In Romania, until the year 2020 all the fuel stations are obliged to have blends of in any event 10% biodiesel in diesel. The principle points of interest utilizing blends of biofuels in diesel are: the way that biodiesel isn't destructive to the earth; so as to utilize biodiesel in your motor no adjustments are required; the cost of biodiesel is littler than diesel and furthermore on the off chance that we contrast biodiesel creation with the great oil based diesel generation, it is more vitality proficient; biodiesel guarantees more oil to the motor so the life of the motor is expanded; biodiesel is a practical fuel; utilizing biodiesel keeps up nature and it keeps the individuals increasingly solid

Optimal Model of Hydrodynamic Controlling on Pumps and Slice Gates for Water Quality Improvement

2013 ◽  
Vol 316-317 ◽  
pp. 732-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Ping Zhou ◽  
Wei Yun Shao ◽  
Li Jie Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Objective Function ◽  
River Network ◽  
Water Diversion ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Optimal Model ◽  
Water Quality Improvement ◽  
Quality Objective ◽  
The Cost

In order to evaluate the effective of the hydrodynamic control of pumps and slice gates in plain river network on the water quality improvement, an optimal mathematic model of hydrodynamic controlling on the pumps and slice gates in plain river network was established by combining the water quality objective function and the cost objective function together. The cost function has been set as the main objective function, while the water quality objective function was simplified as the restrained condition for every required water quality index, through which the multi-objective optimization was transferred into a single-objective optimization. Then, this optimal model was solved by coupling the water environmental model with the hybrid genetic algorithm. The case study of Jiaxing river network shows that the proposed hydrodynamic controlling optimal model in this paper can develop the optimal water diversion scheme for water quality improvement and cut its cost. It works better compared to the traditional water quality objective function and can be used in the engineering practice.

Limits to optimization: fluid dynamics, adhesive strength and the evolution of shape in limpet shells

2000 ◽  
Vol 203 (17) ◽  
pp. 2603-2622 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.W. Denny
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Shell Height ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Hydrodynamic Forces ◽  
Optimal Shape ◽  
Shell Morphology ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Adhesion System ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Lift And Drag

Limpets are commonly found on wave-swept rocky shores, where they may be subjected to water velocities in excess of 20 m s(−1). These extreme flows can impose large forces (lift and drag), challenging the animal's ability to adhere to the substratum. It is commonly thought that the conical shape of limpet shells has evolved in part to reduce these hydrodynamic forces while providing a large aperture for adhesion. This study documents how lift and drag actually vary with the shape of limpet-like models and uses these data to explore the potential of hydrodynamic forces to serve as a selective factor in the evolution of limpet shell morphology. At a low ratio of shell height to shell radius, lift is the dominant force, while at high ratios of height to radius drag is dominant. The risk of dislodgment is minimized when the ratio of height to radius is 1.06 and the apex is in the center of the shell. Real limpets are seldom optimally shaped, however, with a typical height-to-radius ratio of 0.68 and an apex well anterior of the shell's center. The disparity between the actual and the hydrodynamically optimal shape of shells may be due to the high tenacity of limpets' adhesive system. Most limpets adhere to the substratum so strongly that they are unlikely to be dislodged by lift or drag regardless of the shape of their shell. The evolution of a tenacious adhesion system (perhaps in response to predation) has thus preempted selection for a hydrodynamically optimal shell, allowing the shell to respond to alternative selective factors.

Adaptive LMR Simulation of DDT in Obstructed Channel

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Ren ◽  
Alexei Kotchourko ◽  
Alexander Lelyakin
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Mesh Refinement ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Numerical Schemes ◽  
Deflagration To Detonation Transition ◽  
Detonation Transition

Deflagration to detonation transition (DDT) is a challenging subject in computational fluid dynamics both from a standpoint of the phenomenon nature understanding and from extremely demanding computational efforts. In recent years, as the development of computer technology and improvement of numerical schemes was achieved, some more direct methods have been found to reproduce the DDT mechanistically without additional numerical or physical models. In the current work, highly resolved DDT simulations of hydrogen-air and of hydrogen-oxygen mixtures in 2D channel with regular repeating obstacles are present. The technique of local mesh refinement (ALMR) is implemented in the simulations to minimize the computational efforts. The criteria for the ALMR are examined and optimized in simulations.

Functional Prototyping and Tooling of FDM Additive Manufactured Parts

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzad Rayegani ◽  
Godfrey C. Onwubolu ◽  
Attila Nagy ◽  
Hargurdeep Singh
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Wind Tunnel Testing ◽  
Tool Paths ◽  
Aerodynamic Properties ◽  
Vacuum Forming ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Functional Prototype ◽  
Tunnel Testing

In this paper, we present two additive manufacturing applications: (1) vacuum forming tooling using AM; (2) rocket functional prototype using AM for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and wind-tunnel testing. The first application shows how additive manufacturing (AM) facilitates the manufacture of vacuum formed parts, which allows such parts to be easily produced especially in the manufacturing sector. We show how combining the advantages of the CAD and FDM technology, vacuum forming can be completed quickly, efficiently and cost effectively. The paper shows that using modified build parameters, the tools FDM creates can be inherently porous, which eliminates the time needed for drilling vent holes that are necessary for other vacuum forming tools, while improving part quality with an evenly distributed vacuum draw. Using SolidWorks CAD software, the model of the tool is created. The STL file is exported to the Insight software, and we present how the Tool Paths Custom Group feature is applied to optimize the tool-paths file and then sent to the FDM system that prints the tooling from ABS engineering thermoplastic. The tooling is then used in the Formech 686 manual vacuum forming machine to produce the vacuum formed part. The second application shows how additive manufacturing (AM) has been applied to producing functional model for wind–tunnel testing, as well as providing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tool for comparing results obtained from the wind-tunnel testing. The present work is focused on applications of FDM technology for manufacturing wind tunnel test models. The CAD model of a rocket was analyzed for its aerodynamic properties and its functional prototype produced using AM for use in wind–tunnel testing so as to verify and tune the aerodynamic properties. Initial wall conditions were defined for the rocket in terms of the air velocity. The flow simulation was carried out and the goals examined are the velocity and pressure fields around the rocket model. The paper examines some practical issues that arise between how the model geometry for CDF process differs from that that of the FDM process. Consequently, we show that AM-based fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology is faster, less expensive and more efficient than traditional manufacturing processes for vacuum forming and for rapid prototyping of function models for wind-tunnel applications.

Wind Tunnel Testing and Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of a Wing-in-Ground Effect Vehicle

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boonseng Soh ◽  
Andrew Low ◽  
Cees Bil ◽  
Brendon Bobbermien
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Ground Effect ◽  
Wind Tunnel Testing ◽  
Cfd Modelling ◽  
Aerodynamic Analysis ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis ◽  
Wing In Ground Effect ◽  
Tunnel Testing

The Wing-in-Ground Effect Concept Technology Demonstrator (WIGE CTD) project is a joint venture between Advanced Aerosystem Technologies Pty Ltd and RMIT University, aiming to design, validate and build a prototype recreational vehicle to fly two passengers over a distance of 500km at approximately 120km/h. The WIGE vehicle will fly very close to the surface, usually water, taking advantage of ground effect to transport passengers with a greater lift/drag ratio, and thus greater fuel-efficiency than conventional aircraft. Following preliminary design, an aerodynamic analysis of the vehicle was performed using wind tunnel testing and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). This paper describes the methods used for wind tunnel testing and CFD modelling of the WIGE CTD design. Results obtained using the two approaches are compared with the aim of validating the CFD model and the techniques used in both wind tunnel and CFD modelling for use in future analyses. In addition to the aerodynamic analysis, a basic CFD prediction of the maximum hydrodynamic drag experienced during take off was attempted using a simple model of the WIGE vehicle hull. This result is required in order to ensure that the aquatic take off required by WIGE vehicles was possible for the design. Concurrently, the feasibility of using a general-purpose CFD solver like Fluent to analyse hull performance was also evaluated through this aspect of the investigation.

Interfacing Virtual Reality, CFD and the Internet

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Parallel Processor ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
Numerical Predictions ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Software And Hardware ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Cost

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is a valuable tool for the process and petroleum industries. CFD reduces development timescales and costs by replacing expensive and lengthy laboratory investigation with numerical predictions of processes. However, there are several reasons why some companies are unwilling to use CFD. These include the cost of the software and hardware, the need for in-house CFD expertise and the time required to solve complex simulations. CHAM has developed a solution to these problems, in the form of a Virtual Reality Interface linked via the Internet to powerful parallel-processor computers. Virtual reality makes CFD accessible to non-CFD experts and allows the engineer to concentrate on the solution of his problem. Remote computing makes it possible to access from a PC the necessary computing power to solve the problem. Several examples will be shown, demonstrating the application and benefits of the PHOENICS-VR interface and the advantages of remote computing to the process and petroleum industries.

Vehicles Aerodynamics while Crossing each other on Road Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics

2010 ◽  
Vol 29-32 ◽  
pp. 1344-1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Zhang ◽  
Ying Chao Zhang ◽  
Jie Li
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Aerodynamic Force ◽  
The Other ◽  
Moving Mesh ◽  
Aerodynamic Coefficients ◽  
Paper Report ◽  
Vehicle Aerodynamics ◽  
Simulation Results

When vehicles run on road, they will be overtaken, cross by other vehicles or be impacted by crosswind. The other events of overtaking and in crosswind were investigated more deeply. A few of paper report the state of the research on this problem. Until now there are no any wind tunnel and road tests to study on road vehicle aerodynamics while crossing each other. Some numerical simulations were carried out by adopting technology of sliding interface and moving mesh. The method of numerical simulations was narrated in detail. The transient process of vehicles crossing each other was realized. Then the trends of aerodynamic coefficients changing were obtained from the flow field of simulation results. The quantificational changing of vehicles aerodynamic coefficients was obtained when they cross each other. The vehicles are sedan and coach. The simulation results indicated that the all aerodynamic coefficients of two vehicles changed large. The aerodynamic force was important to the vehicles’ handling stability when they cross each other.

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