Automatic (Headlight) Beam Controlling module for two-wheelers

Abstract: Automatic High Beam controller is a device made due to the rising number of accidents at night because of LED headlamps temporarily affecting the vision of the driver on the opposite lane. According to AAA, LED lights do a much better job of illuminating the roadway, particularly in the low-beam application versus a halogen reflector at 150 feet more during testing. But, still, that brings the max vehicle speed to about 52 miles an hour, which is still falling short of highway speeds. So, the users are suggested to drive with high beam on if there is no oncoming traffic within a reasonable distance and the roadway is improperly lit. But in practice most people drive with the high beam settings in places with or without traffic great from the user's standpoint. However, even on low beam, they have such a high intensity that on 2-lane roads, especially when the oncoming driver of a car or small pickup approaches the LED equipped truck at night, in rain, fog, or snow the oncoming driver is blinded at a level equal to or greater than if the LED equipped vehicle were using conventional halogen high beams. This device is made without distance or ambient lighting being deciding factors and entirely based on user’s discretion. The transmitter model is fitted with a button that sends a signal to the receiver model using nrf24L01 modules and AT Mega 8 microcontroller (programmed using Arduino UNO). The pressing of button causes the state of the button to be set to HIGH. This signals the receiving circuit to set the LED pin to LOW. Therefore, the High Beam is set to Low Beam for 5 seconds when the impulse is received. Due to the use of H4 C6 headlamps which are rated for 36W with a minimum power requirement of 12W an adapter was connected to convert 220V AC supply to 12V, 3A DC supply for the LED and the rest of the circuit.

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The State of Ultra-High Intensity Laser Plasma Interaction Research in Australia

Laser Interaction and Related Plasma Phenomena ◽

10.1007/978-1-4615-7332-6_30 ◽

1984 ◽

pp. 461-477 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. D. J. Burgess ◽

R. Dragila ◽

B. Luther-Davies ◽

K. A. Nugent ◽

G. J. Tallents

Keyword(s):

Laser Plasma ◽

High Intensity ◽

The State ◽

Plasma Interaction ◽

Laser Plasma Interaction ◽

High Intensity Laser ◽

Intensity Laser ◽

Interaction Research

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Enhancing Patient Experience With Internet Protocol Addressable Digital LED Lighting in Imaging Environments: A Phase I Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.11839 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Melanie U Knopp ◽

Katherine Binzel ◽

Chadwick L Wright ◽

Jun Zhang ◽

Michael V Knopp

Keyword(s):

Image Quality ◽

Patient Experience ◽

Patient Comfort ◽

Patient Specific ◽

Diagnostic Image Quality ◽

Imaging Studies ◽

Diagnostic Image ◽

Clinical Imaging ◽

Ambient Lighting ◽

Led Lights

BACKGROUND Conventional approaches to improve the quality of clinical patient imaging studies focus predominantly on updating or replacing imaging equipment; however, it is often not considered that patients can also highly influence the diagnostic quality of clinical imaging studies. Patient-specific artifacts can limit the diagnostic image quality, especially when patients are uncomfortable, anxious, or agitated. Imaging facility or environmental conditions can also influence the patient’s comfort and willingness to participate in diagnostic imaging studies, especially when performed in visually unesthetic, anxiety-inducing, and technology-intensive imaging centers. When given the opportunity to change a single aspect of the environmental or imaging facility experience, patients feel much more in control of the otherwise unfamiliar and uncomfortable setting. Incorporating commercial, easily adaptable, ambient lighting products within clinical imaging environments allows patients to individually customize their environment for a more personalized and comfortable experience. OBJECTIVE The aim of this pilot study was to use a customizable colored light-emitting diode (LED) lighting system within a clinical imaging environment and demonstrate the feasibility and initial findings of enabling healthy subjects to customize the ambient lighting and color. Improving the patient experience within clinical imaging environments with patient-preferred ambient lighting and color may improve overall patient comfort, compliance, and participation in the imaging study and indirectly contribute to improving diagnostic image quality. METHODS We installed consumer-based internet protocol addressable LED lights using the ZigBee standard in different PET/CT scan rooms within a clinical imaging environment. We recruited healthy volunteers (n=35) to generate pilot data in order to develop a subsequent clinical trial. The visual perception assessment procedure utilized questionnaires with preprogrammed light/color settings and further assessed how subjects preferred ambient light and color within a clinical imaging setting. RESULTS Technical implementation using programmable LED lights was performed without any hardware or electrical modifications to the existing clinical imaging environment. Subject testing revealed substantial variabilities in color perception; however, clear trends in subject color preference were noted. In terms of the color hue of the imaging environment, 43% (15/35) found blue and 31% (11/35) found yellow to be the most relaxing. Conversely, 69% (24/35) found red, 17% (6/35) found yellow, and 11% (4/35) found green to be the least relaxing. CONCLUSIONS With the majority of subjects indicating that colored lighting within a clinical imaging environment would contribute to an improved patient experience, we predict that enabling patients to customize environmental factors like lighting and color to individual preferences will improve patient comfort and patient satisfaction. Improved patient comfort in clinical imaging environments may also help to minimize patient-specific imaging artifacts that can otherwise limit diagnostic image quality. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03456895; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03456895

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ARDUINO-BASED VEHICLE FUEL THEFT DETECTOR SYSTEM

Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Pendidikan ◽

10.24036/tip.v13i2.340 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 55-61

Author(s):

Alfa Satya Putra ◽

Jennifer Novia Nursalim ◽

Arnold Aribowo ◽

Hendra Tjahyadi

Keyword(s):

Success Rate ◽

The State ◽

Detector System ◽

Phone Call ◽

Short Message ◽

Push Button ◽

Level Sensor ◽

Working Principle ◽

Arduino Uno ◽

Fuel Level

Fuel shortage is a common problem in Indonesia. This prompted many cases of vehicle fuel theft. As a solution to this problem, an Arduino-based vehicle fuel theft detector system is implemented. Arduino-based vehicle fuel theft detector system is a prototype that uses Arduino UNO as a microcontroller, IComSat v1.1 SIM900 GSM/GPRS Shield to communicate with mobile phone, fuel level sensor as a volume detector, and push button as a detector to check whether the fuel tank’s lid is open or closed. The working principle of this system is to detect the state of the fuel tank lid. When the lid is open, the system will make a phone call. Then, the system will keep track of fuel volume. If there is a drastic decrease in volume, the system will send information about the decreasing volume in the form of a short message to the owner of the vehicle. The success rate of the communication system between Arduino UNO and other electronic devices is 100%. Accuracy of fuel level sensor is 90%. Success rate of push button switch in detecting the state of fuel tank’s lid is 100%. Success rate of GSM Shield communication is 90%.

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The State and the Minority Group: Land Rights between the State and Kpaduma Indigenous Group in Abuja, Federal Capital Territory (fct), Nigeria

International Journal on Minority and Group Rights ◽

10.1163/15718115-bja10047 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-26

Author(s):

Seun Bamidele ◽

Olusegun Oladele Idowu

Keyword(s):

High Intensity ◽

Minority Group ◽

Land Rights ◽

The State ◽

First Century ◽

Forced Displacement ◽

Urbanization Process ◽

Indigenous Group ◽

History Of ◽

The Government

Abstract The politics of land rights and low or high intensity protest in the twenty-first century has produced several land-related protesters with a variety of strategies. This study focuses on the challenges of urbanization as it affects the Kpaduma community in Abuja, Federal Capital Territory (fct), Nigeria. Kpaduma, an indigenous group, has a history of protest at various times with the government over its ancestral land. The last protest in 2016 brought massive destruction of settlements and forced displacement. Quite a number of works have been written on the land protests, with particular reference to their causes and consequences. However, the post-protests situation, particularly regarding the tense relationship and urbanization process in the locality, is yet to be sufficiently explored. This study investigates the state of relations between the government and Kpaduma as well as the urbanization processes in the country’s capital after the forced displacement of Kpaduma.

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Smart air purifier suitable for small public spaces

ITM Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/itmconf/20192801015 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 01015

Author(s):

Pawel Idziak ◽

Michal Gojtowski

Keyword(s):

Pressure Drop ◽

Physical Model ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Public Spaces ◽

The State ◽

Pm 2.5 ◽

Air Purifier ◽

Arduino Uno

The article presents the concept and implemented, functional physical model of a mobile air purifier for small public spaces or apartments. The purifier is a compact, controlled by microcontroller of the Arduino UNO series. The model is equipped with a set of sensors allowing to determine the content of PM 2.5 contaminants. After exceeding the adopted threshold in the software, the system automatically starts the process of air filtering. The following factors are measured: solid contamination content, humidity and air temperature as well as pressure drop on built-in filters. The purifier absorbs solid pollutants and reduces VOC pollutants. The system has been equipped with a screen informing the user about air parameters and the state of the filter contamination.

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An Economic Evaluation of Small-Scale Wind-Powered Electric Generation Systems

Journal of Engineering for Power ◽

10.1115/1.3446471 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 101 (2) ◽

pp. 213-216

Author(s):

J. L. Obermeier ◽

H. W. Townes

Keyword(s):

Economic Evaluation ◽

Wind Speed ◽

The State ◽

Energy Output ◽

Small Scale ◽

Storage Battery ◽

Single Family ◽

Power Requirement ◽

Electric Generation ◽

System Configurations

Presented is an economic evaluation of several commercial wind-powered electric generation systems of the type which could be used by an individual homeowner. A system includes a wind plant, tower, storage battery, and dc to ac inverter. The analysis considered a total of 12 different system configurations. The evaluation of energy output was based on wind speed data for several locations in the state of Montana. The analysis can be extended to other locations on the basis of mean annual wind speed. The results of the evaluation indicate that some of the “home built” systems are competitive economically at the present time in some “windy” locations. None of the systems which are economic could individually supply the entire power requirement for a single-family dwelling.

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The dynamics of autocratic coercion after the Cold War

Communist and Post-Communist Studies ◽

10.1016/j.postcomstud.2006.07.001 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 387-410 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Lucan A. Way ◽

Steven Levitsky

Keyword(s):

Cold War ◽

High Intensity ◽

The State ◽

Intensity Measures ◽

Post Cold War ◽

Low Intensity ◽

Regime Stability ◽

State Apparatus ◽

Different Types ◽

The Face

This article examines coercive capacity and its impact on autocratic regime stability in the context of post-Soviet Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, and Ukraine. In the post-Cold War era, different types of coercive acts require different types of state power. First, high intensity and risky measures – such as firing on large crowds or stealing elections – necessitate high degrees of cohesion or compliance within the state apparatus. Second, effective low intensity measures – including the surveillance and infiltration of opposition, and various forms of less visible police harassment – require extensive state scope or a well-trained state apparatus that penetrates large parts of society. Coercive state capacity, rooted in cohesion and scope, has often been more important than opposition strength in determining whether autocrats fall or remain in power. Thus, the regime in Armenia that was backed by a highly cohesive state with extensive scope was able to maintain power in the face of highly mobilized opposition challenges. By contrast, regimes in Georgia where the state lacked cohesion and scope fell in the face of even weakly mobilized opposition. Relatively high scope but only moderate cohesion in Belarus and Ukraine has made autocratic regimes in these countries generally more effective at low intensity coercion to prevent the emergence of opposition than at high intensity coercion necessary to face down serious opposition challenges.

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Measurement and simulation of the background in the CMS muon detectors

EPJ Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/epjconf/201921402020 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 214 ◽

pp. 02020

Author(s):

Cesare Calabria

Keyword(s):

Gamma Irradiation ◽

High Intensity ◽

State Of The Art ◽

The State ◽

Cms Experiment ◽

Simulation Based

The study of the different backgrounds which the muon detectors of the CMS experiment are exposed to, is fundamental to assess the system longevity and project its performance to the conditions expected for HL-LHC. In this respect, an accurate modelling of the backgrounds in simulation is of prime importance as many studies rely on simulation-based predictions while these future conditions have never been experienced in reality. This paper will present the state of the art of the work carried out to understand backgrounds observed with data collected during the LHC runs, as well as at the CERN high-intensity gamma irradiation facility. Furthermore, the effort made to improve the accuracy of FLUKA and GEANT4 based simulations of background will be thoroughly described.

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Simulation of a high-brightness, hard X-ray source based on high-intensity interaction of ultra-short laser pulses with high-Z targets

Laser and Particle Beams ◽

10.1017/s0263034600010831 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 139-143

Author(s):

V.A. Lykov ◽

V.E. Chernyakov ◽

Ya.Z. Kandiev ◽

I.A. Litvinenko ◽

V.G. Nikolaev

Keyword(s):

Angular Distribution ◽

Numerical Simulations ◽

Electromagnetic Fields ◽

High Intensity ◽

Laser Pulses ◽

The State ◽

High Brightness ◽

Fast Electrons ◽

X Ray ◽

Short Laser Pulses

The results of numerical simulations of fast electrons interaction with matter, calculated yield and angular distribution of bremsstrahlung and fluorescence K-α X-ray radiation and generation of electromagnetic fields, carried out by ERA, PM2D, and PRIZMA codes for the state of experiments on interaction of ultra-short laser pulses with high-Z targets at intensity of 1016−1018 W/cm2 are presented. Spherical targets with conical hollows and conical targets of high-Z matter are proposed for experiments with picosecond lasers to increase the brightness of hard X-ray sources.

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