scholarly journals Anti-Counterfeit Product System Using Blockchain Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 291-295
Author(s):  
Ishaan Singhal
Keyword(s):  
Third Party ◽  
Efficient Technique ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Product System ◽  
Counterfeit Product ◽  
Blockchain Technology

Abstract: Fake Products is a serious issue, as in today’s world we can’t really distinguish between real and fake product. And some people make these fake products just to make some profit without thinking about its impact on user and also affects company’s name, profit and sales. Blockchain technology can be used to detect whether the product is real or fake and assure user about the authenticity of the product. Blockchain is a trending technology and lot of applications are using this technology. Blockchain technology is the technology where information is stored in the form of blocks in many databases which is connected with the chains and it doesn’t require any third-party users for permission. Benefits of blockchain is that it is immutable and secure. It is decentralized and distributed. We can use Quick Response [1] (QR) code or an encrypted unique code which is a very efficient technique to detect fake product. When the QR code is scanned or the unique code in entered, it will redirect us to the blockchain containing the information of the product and provides us the details of the manufacturer and information of owner to make decision easy for buyer if they are looking to buy the product. Keywords: Blockchain, Fake Product, Ownership, QR code, Anti-counterfeit

Investigating Quick Response Code Application in Third-Party Logistics Companies

2021 ◽  
pp. 234-252
Author(s):  
Siti Norida Wahab ◽  
Yew Meng Chee ◽  
Dazmin Daud
Keyword(s):  
Third Party ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Significant Implication ◽  
Third Party Logistics ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Logistics Industry ◽  
Guiding Principle ◽  
Quick Response Code ◽  
Depth Interview

This research aims to ascertain the application of the quick response (QR) code technology as the marketing tools among third-party logistics (3PLs) companies in Malaysia. This study adopted a qualitative research approach by conducting an in-depth interview with five respondents who are experienced in 3PLs services. The supply chain management with the 7Ps marketing mix act was applied as the guiding principle. The findings revealed that the interaction between consumers and 3PLs companies made easy and swift by the enabling application of mobile technology related to QR code. QR code enables to support both 3PLs and logistics industry towards competitive advantage. Growth of the market share, profit-revenue, and sales by utilizing the application of QR code with the linkage of social media is imperative to establish the company brand and reputation. This study has a significant implication for both 3PLs companies and academicians to further explore the practices and its application in a different organization setting.

scholarly journals Improving the Transparency of the Pharmaceutical Supply Chain through the Adoption of Quick Response (QR) Code, Internet of Things (IoT), and Blockchain Technology: One Result: Ending the Opioid Crisis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin D. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Prescription Medications ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Pharmaceutical Supply Chain ◽  
The Past ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Main Culprit ◽  
Counterfeit Products

Over the past two years, Americans in nearly every state have suffered adverse effects from counterfeit medications, many of whom have died. The main culprit is Fentanyl-tainted counterfeit opiates which often lead to fatal overdoses. The increasing epidemic of counterfeit prescription medications extends beyond social classes, gender, race, and age. For instance, pop star Prince recently overdosed on counterfeit Hydrocodone containing synthetic Fentanyl. Shockingly, one in ten medications sold in developing countries are counterfeit; either containing incorrect doses of active ingredients or containing toxic contaminants retained from the production process. The popularity of counterfeit medications stems from cheaper costs, but also because of the ease with which these counterfeit products can be purchased. While the blockchain has gained its fame from Bitcoin, its potential implications are far reaching. In this paper, I propose the use of QR code and the IoT (Internet of Things) sensor devices leveraging the blockchain for increased transparency of the pharmaceutical supply chain and manufacturing process. The data collected from the devices would then be transferred to the blockchain, enabling consumers to use an app to verify the provenance of their medication.

The Potential Of Blockchain Technology To Change International Mobile Roaming Business Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Ardian Thresnantia Atmaja
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Business Value ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Clearing House ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Target Architecture ◽  
Architecture Development

The key objectives of this paper is to propose a design implementation of blockchain based on smart contract which have potential to change international mobile roaming business model by eliminating third-party data clearing house (DCH). The analysis method used comparative analysis between current situation and target architecture of international mobile roaming business that commonly used by TOGAF Architecture Development Method. The purposed design of implementation has validated the business value by using Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) calculation. This paper applies the TOGAF approach in order to address architecture gap to evaluate by the enhancement capability that required from these three fundamental aspect which are Business, Technology and Information. With the blockchain smart contract solution able to eliminate the intermediaries Data Clearing House system, which impacted to the business model of international mobile roaming with no more intermediaries fee for call data record (CDR) processing and open up for online billing and settlement among parties. In conclusion the business value of blockchain implementation in the international mobile roaming has been measured using TCO comparison between current situation and target architecture that impacted cost reduction of operational platform is 19%. With this information and understanding the blockchain technology has significant benefit in the international mobile roaming business.

IMPLEMENTASI QUICK RESPONSE (QR) CODE PADA APLIKASI VALIDASI DOKUMEN MENGGUNAKAN PERANCANGAN UNIFIED MODELLING LANGUAGE (UML)

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novan Adi Musthofa, Siti Mutrofin, Mohamad Ali Murtadho
Keyword(s):  
Qr Code ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Uniform Resource Locator ◽  
Modelling Language ◽  
Web Browser ◽  
Unified Modelling Language

Dengan berkembangnya teknologi informasi, sering sekali terjadi penyelewengan dokumen terutama pada dokumen-dokumen cetak. Dokumen merupakan salah satu data yang sangat penting, karena dokumen merupakan sumber informasi yang diperlukan oleh suatu instansi, organisasi, negara, maupun individu. Tanpa dokumen, maka seseorang akan kehilangan data-data yang diperlukan untuk kegiatan di masa yang akan datang. Pemalsuan dokumen sangat mudah dilakukan dengan cara meniru bentuk serta isi dari suatu dokumen. Penelitian sebelumnya pernah dilakukan, namun dalam objek yang berbeda. Pemalsuan dokumen dapat diatasi dengan menggunakan Quick Response (QR) Code. QR Code mampu menyimpan semua jenis data, seperti data angka/numerik, alphanumeric, biner, kanji/kana. Selain itu QR Code memiliki tampilan yang lebih kecil daripada barcode. Untuk dapat membuat QR Code suatu dokumen maka dibuatlah sebuah aplikasi yaitu aplikasi Validasi Dokumen. Aplikasi Validasi Dokumen dirancang dengan menggunakan metode waterfall serta menggunakan perancangan Unified Modelling Language (UML). Bahasa pemrograman yang digunakan yaitu bahasa pemrograman PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) dengan database MySQL. Sebelum QR Code dibuat, terlebih dahulu data dokumen dienkripsi dan kemudian dijadikan QR Code. Hasil pemindaian QR Code berupa Uniform Resource Locator (URL) yang mengarah pada data dokumen. Ketika URL dijalankan pada web browser, sistem melakukan deskripsi pada URL, kemudian dicocokkan dengan database, dan selanjutnya ditampilkan ke web browser. Hasil akhir aplikasi Validasi Dokumen berupa QR Code yang digunakan untuk menyimpan URL yang  menunjukkan bahwa dokumen memang benar-banar dokumen yang resmi (bukan ilegal) dari suatu instansi. Pada uji coba penelitian ini juga dilakukan perbandingan kinerja dengan 3 aplikasi yang sejenis, 3 aplikasi pembanding tersebut dipilih karena memiliki hasil visual QR Code yang hampir mirip, namun jika dilakukan scanning memiliki hasil yang berbeda, karena fiturnya juga berbeda. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian dengan 3 pembanding aplikasi yang sejenis, dengan menggunakan aplikasi yang diusulkan dalam penelitian ini, pemalsuan dokumen dapat dihindari dengan menggunakan aplikasi Validasi Dokumen selama tidak ada ikut campur orang dalam (superadmin/admin) dalam melakukan praktik pemalsuan dokumen. Pada penelitian selanjutnya dapat dilakukan perbaikan kelemahan aplikasi ini, yaitu agar tidak menampilkan URL, namun hasil pemindai QR Code, langsung dapat menampilkan detail isi dokumen.

scholarly journals Research on Blockchain-Based E-Bidding System

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4011
Author(s):  
Dan Wang ◽  
Jindong Zhao ◽  
Chunxiao Mu
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Privacy Protection ◽  
Graph Isomorphism ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Business Logic ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
The Core ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
Bidding Process

In the field of modern bidding, electronic bidding leads a new trend of development, convenience and efficiency and other significant advantages effectively promote the reform and innovation of China’s bidding field. Nowadays, most systems require a strong and trusted third party to guarantee the integrity and security of the system. However, with the development of blockchain technology and the rise of privacy protection, researchers has begun to emphasize the core concept of decentralization. This paper introduces a decentralized electronic bidding system based on blockchain and smart contract. The system uses blockchain to replace the traditional database and uses chaincode to process business logic. In data interaction, encryption techniques such as zero-knowledge proof based on graph isomorphism are used to improve privacy protection, which improves the anonymity of participants, the privacy of data transmission, and the traceability and verifiable of data. Compared with other electronic bidding systems, this system is more secure and efficient, and has the nature of anonymous operation, which fully protects the privacy information in the bidding process.

scholarly journals An Anti-Counterfeiting Architecture for Traceability System Based on Modified Two-Level Quick Response Codes

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Shundao Xie ◽  
Hong-Zhou Tan
Keyword(s):  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Copy Detection ◽  
Traceability System ◽  
Scanned Image ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Product Package

Traceability is considered a promising solution for product safety. However, the data in the traceability system is only a claim rather than a fact. Therefore, the quality and safety of the product cannot be guaranteed since we cannot ensure the authenticity of products (aka counterfeit detection) in the real world. In this paper, we focus on counterfeit detection for the traceability system. The risk of counterfeiting throughout a typical product life cycle in the supply chain is analyzed, and the corresponding requirements for the tags, packages, and traceability system are given to eliminate these risks. Based on the analysis, an anti-counterfeiting architecture for traceability system based on two-level quick response codes (2LQR codes) is proposed, where the problem of counterfeit detection for a product is transformed into the problem of copy detection for the 2LQR code tag. According to the characteristics of the traceability system, the generation progress of the 2LQR code is modified, and there is a corresponding improved algorithm to estimate the actual location of patterns in the scanned image of the modified 2LQR code tag to improve the performance of copy detection. A prototype system based on the proposed architecture is implemented, where the consumers can perform traceability information queries by scanning the 2LQR code on the product package with any QR code reader. They can also scan the 2LQR code with a home-scanner or office-scanner, and send the scanned image to the system to perform counterfeit detection. Compared with other anti-counterfeiting solutions, the proposed architecture has advantages of low cost, generality, and good performance. Therefore, it is a promising solution to replace the existing anti-counterfeiting system.

scholarly journals Third Party Certification of Agri-Food Supply Chain Using Smart Contracts and Blockchain Tokens

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5307
Author(s):  
Ricardo Borges dos Santos ◽  
Nunzio Marco Torrisi ◽  
Rodrigo Palucci Pantoni
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Smart Contracts ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
The Public ◽  
Blockchain Technology

Every consumer’s buying decision at the supermarket influences food brands to make first party claims of sustainability and socially responsible farming methods on their agro-product labels. Fine wines are often subject to counterfeit along the supply chain to the consumer. This paper presents a method for efficient unrestricted publicity to third party certification (TPC) of plant agricultural products, starting at harvest, using smart contracts and blockchain tokens. The method is capable of providing economic incentives to the actors along the supply chain. A proof-of-concept using a modified Ethereum IGR token set of smart contracts using the ERC-1155 standard NFTs was deployed on the Rinkeby test net and evaluated. The main findings include (a) allowing immediate access to TPC by the public for any desired authority by using token smart contracts. (b) Food safety can be enhanced through TPC visible to consumers through mobile application and blockchain technology, thus reducing counterfeiting and green washing. (c) The framework is structured and maintained because participants obtain economical incentives thus leveraging it´s practical usage. In summary, this implementation of TPC broadcasting through tokens can improve transparency and sustainable conscientious consumer behaviour, thus enabling a more trustworthy supply chain transparency.

scholarly journals ART-UP: A Novel Method for Generating Scanning-Robust Aesthetic QR Codes

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Mingliang Xu ◽  
Qingfeng Li ◽  
Jianwei Niu ◽  
Hao Su ◽  
Xiting Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Qr Codes ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Coarse To Fine

Quick response (QR) codes are usually scanned in different environments, so they must be robust to variations in illumination, scale, coverage, and camera angles. Aesthetic QR codes improve the visual quality, but subtle changes in their appearance may cause scanning failure. In this article, a new method to generate scanning-robust aesthetic QR codes is proposed, which is based on a module-based scanning probability estimation model that can effectively balance the tradeoff between visual quality and scanning robustness. Our method locally adjusts the luminance of each module by estimating the probability of successful sampling. The approach adopts the hierarchical, coarse-to-fine strategy to enhance the visual quality of aesthetic QR codes, which sequentially generate the following three codes: a binary aesthetic QR code, a grayscale aesthetic QR code, and the final color aesthetic QR code. Our approach also can be used to create QR codes with different visual styles by adjusting some initialization parameters. User surveys and decoding experiments were adopted for evaluating our method compared with state-of-the-art algorithms, which indicates that the proposed approach has excellent performance in terms of both visual quality and scanning robustness.

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