THE EFFECTS OF INTERPERSONAL TRUST AND GROUP STATUS ON PROSOCIAL AND AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIORS

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alton Christian Cadenhead ◽  
Charles L. Richman
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Group Status ◽  
Organizational Settings ◽  
General Trust ◽  
Predicting Behavior ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
General Response

Preliminary evidence suggests that interpersonal trust is associated with both aggression and prosocial behavior, but little research has been conducted to investigate these relationships in nonclinical samples. It has been suggested by Scott (1980) that general trust is not as useful in predicting behavior in organizational settings as is situational trust. However, if moderated by in-group - out-group status, general trust may be useful in predicting general response tendencies such as aggressive and prosocial behaviors. Building on the norm of reciprocity as described by Kaufmann (1970) and Rushton (1980), it was hypothesized that: a) subjects identified as high trusters would show low levels of aggression and high levels of prosocial behaviors towards both in- and outgroup members; b) low trusters would show high levels of aggression and low levels of prosocial behavior towards both in- and out-groups members; and c) moderate trusters would show lower levels of aggression towards the in-group than towards the outgroup and higher levels of prosocial behavior towards the in-group than towards the out-group. These hypotheses were not confirmed. Participants reported higher levels of prosocial behavior towards the in-group than towards the out-group, regardless of the level of trust. Group differences also emerged on the aggression measures regardless of trust level. Trend analyses revealed that as trust h∼creases, overall prosocial behavior increases.

scholarly journals DRAFT: Young Children’s Prosocial Behavior Protects Against Academic Risk in Neighborhoods Facing Adversity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Armstrong-Carter ◽  
Jonas G. Miller ◽  
Liam Hill ◽  
Benjamin Domingue
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Neighborhood Disadvantage ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Academic Risk ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Disadvantaged Neighborhoods ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Diverse Children

Children born into neighborhood adversity are at risk for low academic achievement. Identifying factors that help children from disadvantaged neighborhoods thrive is critical for reducing inequalities. We investigated whether children’s prosocial behavior buffers concurrent and subsequent academic risk in disadvantaged neighborhoods in Bradford, UK. Diverse children (N = 1,185) were followed from before birth to age seven, with measurements taken at four time points. We used governmental indexes of neighborhood adversity, teachers observations of prosocial behaviors, and direct assessments of academic achievement. Neighborhood disadvantage was associated with lower academic achievement only among children who displayed low levels of prosocial behavior. Findings were robust to sensitivity and sub-group analyses. Prosocial behavior may mitigate early academic risk in contexts of neighborhood disadvantage.

scholarly journals How Narcissism Shapes Responses to Antisocial and Prosocial Behavior: Hypo-Responsiveness or Hyper-Responsiveness?

2021 ◽  
pp. 014616722110072
Author(s):  
Jiafang Chen ◽  
Barbara Nevicka ◽  
Astrid C. Homan ◽  
Gerben A. van Kleef
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Behaviors ◽  
Moral Character ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Reward And Punishment

Narcissists have a relatively higher proclivity for displaying antisocial rather than prosocial behaviors, suggesting a comparatively higher tendency for unfavorably impacting societies. However, maintenance of social order also depends on appropriate responses to others’ social behavior. Once we focus on narcissists as observers rather than actors, their impact on social functioning becomes less clear-cut. Theoretical arguments suggest that narcissists could be either hypo-responsive or hyper-responsive to others’ social behavior. Across four studies, we examined narcissists’ responsiveness to variations in others’ antisocial and prosocial behaviors. Results showed that narcissists differentiated less between others’ antisociality/prosociality, as reflected in their subsequent moral character evaluations (Studies 1–4) and reward and punishment (Studies 3 and 4). These results suggest that narcissists are hypo-responsive to others’ social behaviors. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Parental Warmth, Gratitude, and Prosocial Behavior among Chinese Adolescents: The Moderating Effect of School Climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7033
Author(s):  
Haocheng Luo ◽  
Qingqi Liu ◽  
Chengfu Yu ◽  
Yangang Nie
Keyword(s):  
School Climate ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Parental Warmth ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Moderating Role

Parental warmth plays an important role in the development of adolescents’ physical and mental health. There are numerous empirical studies indicating a relationship between parental warmth and prosocial behavior among adolescents, although the underlying mechanisms of this association remain unclear. Adopting a longitudinal design across two time points, the present study proposes a moderated mediation model to explore the mediating role of gratitude and the moderating role of the school climate between parental warmth and prosocial behavior. The sample consisted of 943 participants (483 boys and 451 girls) who participated in the second assessment and completed questionnaires assessing gratitude, school climate, and prosocial behavior in April 2019. Their parents participated in the first assessment and completed a questionnaire pertaining to parental warmth in October 2018. After controlling for the gender and age of the adolescents, the results showed that the positive association between parental warmth and prosocial behavior is mediated by gratitude, and school climate does play a moderating role in the second half of the mediating path. Specifically, the school climate can play a protective role in adolescents with low levels of gratitude. For adolescents with less gratitude, a strong school climate can promote more prosocial behaviors and can effectively alleviate the negative prediction of low levels of gratitude. This study provides a theoretical explanation for the generation of adolescents’ prosocial behavior and provides theoretical guidance for the interventions of schools and parents.

scholarly journals Introduction to Special Section: Prosocial Development in Risky and Vulnerable Contexts

2021 ◽  
pp. 016502542199075
Author(s):  
Laura K. Taylor ◽  
Gustavo Carlo
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Developmental Perspective ◽  
Developmental Research ◽  
Prosocial Development ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Foundational Work

The introduction highlights a developmental perspective on children’s and youth prosocial behavior in risky and vulnerable contexts. The six empirical papers published in this Special Section are considered within a multilevel, multidimensional framework and reflect a diversity of methodological approaches. The studies each provide foundational work that informs theory, builds our knowledge base, and has important intervention implications. We highlight the contributions of each study and present recommendations for future developmental research on prosocial behaviors.

The Structure of Prosocial Behavior: A Comment on Richaud, Mesurado, and Cortada (2013)

2013 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 586-589
Author(s):  
Mariola Łaguna ◽  
Piotr Oleś
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Alternative Models ◽  
Behavior Models

The question of how many factors are required to explain prosocial behavior in adolescents was examined. Richaud, Mesurado, and Cortada (2013) have tested two alternative models of prosocial behaviors. In this Comment we (1) discuss the theoretical basis for prosocial behavior models in adolescents and (2) propose possible alternative models as suggestions for further studies.

scholarly journals The Influence of Social Support on the Prosocial Behavior of College Students: The Mediating Effect based on Interpersonal Trust

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Guo
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
College Students ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Support Scale ◽  
Intermediary Role ◽  
Behavior Scale ◽  
Pro Social Behavior

A sample of 720 college students from 10 different universities at the Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center are investigated using the Social Support Scale, the Prosocial Behavior Scale, and the Interpersonal Trust Scale. Data are analyzed using SPSS20.0 and Amos7.0. Results show that the subjective support and support utilization of college students directly influences prosocial behavior, and indirectly affects prosocial behavior through the influence of emotional trust and quality trust. Additionally, interpersonal trust plays an intermediary role in the influence of social support on pro-social behavior.

scholarly journals Building Resilience by Becoming a Circus Artist

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Van Es ◽  
Els Rommes ◽  
Leontien De Kwaadsteniet
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Refugee Youth ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
Physical Support ◽  
Impulsive Behaviour

Abstract Due to the traumatic events they may have experienced, refugee youth are vulnerable to mental health problems. Social Circus is a psycho-social intervention that aims to enhance resilience by promoting self-esteem, interpersonal trust and social support through classes in circus arts. To explore these effects on refugee youth, a qualitative study was conducted in south-east Turkey. Semi-structured interviews and participative observations revealed that circus classes offered participants structure and a new purpose in life. Participating youth became more active, while impulsive behaviour decreased. Experiencing success through visible progress and holding the positively valued position of a circus artist seemed to contribute to the children’s self-esteem. In addition, the mental and physical support received during circus classes could increase interpersonal trust. By creating opportunities for social interaction and building relationships, Social Circus may also promote social support. This study provides preliminary evidence that Social Circus may enhance resilience in refugee youth.

scholarly journals Profile of prosocial behaviors of institutionalized children at a school yard

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (supp1) ◽  
pp. 34-46
Author(s):  
Débora Lisboa Costa ◽  
Lília Iêda Chaves Cavalcante ◽  
Bianca Reis Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Special Populations ◽  
Educational Settings ◽  
Institutionalized Children ◽  
More Care ◽  
School Yard ◽  
Care Behavior

Prosocial behavior refers to actions directed to the welfare of the others and it is influenced by physical and social aspects of the environment. This study objected to investigate chiefly the occurrences of care behavior among institutionalized children. Four boys and one girl took part in this study, with ages between four and six years old, who were observed in the yard of the school. A total of ten sessions of twenty-five-minute were recorded for each focal subject, summing 250 minutes of recordings. At total, 26 behavioral events which denoted care with the others were identified and organized into the following categories: Helping, Care-taking playing, Establishing affectionate contact, and Entertaining. The results indicate that while participants are at the school yard, the most demonstrated behavior subcategory involves cooperation attitudes (Helping subcategory). The data also show that male focal subjects who were older than five years old and were at school for less than 15 months would emit more care behaviors. Concerning receivers, it was found that the girls who were studying at school, younger children and the ones who had less time in the institution received more prosocial behavior. It is expected that the results of this study may contribute to future researches while investigating prosocial behavior in educational settings, especially when they involve special populations, such as children who live in shelter institutions. Similarly, studies like this can encourage the development of (pedagogic-political and other) projects in institutions for children in order to stimulate prosocial behavior among peers.

The mediating roles of gratitude and obligation to link employees’ social exchange relationships and prosocial behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 644-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haemi Kim ◽  
Hailin Qu
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Exchange Relationships ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social

Purpose This study aims to investigate the psychological mechanisms underlying hospitality employees’ social exchange relationships at work by applying the social aspects of work and the social exchange theory. Design/methodology/approach MTurk was used for conducting a cross-sectional questionnaire survey, targeting frontline employees who were working in full-service restaurants. Descriptive statistic, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were performed. Findings Customer-employee exchange had a positive relationship with gratitude. Moreover, gratitude was positively associated with both role-prescribed customer service and extra-role customer service. Leader-member exchange and coworker exchange were positively related to obligation. Obligation had positive association with both role-prescribed customer service and extra-role customer service. The mediating effects of gratitude and obligation were statistically significant. Research limitations/implications Employees’ social exchange relationship with customers promotes prosocial behaviors by arousing gratitude in them. Moreover, their social exchange relationships with supervisors and coworkers lead to prosocial behaviors by provoking obligation from them. Originality/value This research shows the importance of the social aspects of work to contribute to employees’ prosocial behavior in the hospitality industry. Moreover, it proves the critical roles of emotions to guide employees’ decisions about social exchange.

“Where is the love?” Topics and prosocial behavior in German popular music lyrics from 1954 to 2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Ruth
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Popular Music ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Content Analyses ◽  
Music Lyrics

Many content analyses have investigated the content of popular music, but as yet no one has looked for references to prosocial behavior in the lyrics. There are no quantitative content analyses of prosocial content in popular music, although we know that many musicians are concerned with social engagement, the environment, equal rights, and many other prosocial behaviors. To investigate which topics are the most prevalent in popular music lyrics and how frequently these refer to prosocial behavior, a content analysis was performed on 588 songs appearing in the German yearly charts from 1954 to 2014. The major interest of songwriters seems to be love, which was found in 57% of the songs; this was the most common topic found. References to prosocial behavior were found in 3.74% of the songs. Prosocial behavior usually appeared in songs dealing with social or political topics.

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