CHANGES IN SELF-EFFICACY AND DECISIONAL BALANCE FOLLOWING AN INTERVENTION TO INCREASE CONSUMPTION OF CALCIUM-RICH FOODS

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1007-1016
Author(s):  
Kambiz Karimzadeh Shirazi ◽  
Shamsaddin Niknami ◽  
Louise Wallace ◽  
Alireza Hidarnia ◽  
Elaheh Rahimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Group Self ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Control Study

In this randomized control study the changes in Transtheoretical Model (TTM; Prochaska & DiClemente, 1983) constructs (Self-Efficacy, Decisional Balance) after a tailored stage-based education program to increase calcium consumption in 40–65-year-old women were investigated. Postintervention, significantly more of the experimental group in comparison to the control group improved their calcium consumption stage of change. In the experimental group self-efficacy and pros of calcium consumption increased and cons decreased for those who had positive progression in stages of change but these constructs remained unchanged in individuals in the control group. The tailored education based on the TTM is an effective method of assisting women to progress through the calcium-rich foods consumption stages of change and can cause more actualized results for self-efficacy, pros and cons in the manner predicted by TTM.

Educational Intervention Enhances Consumers' Readiness To Adopt Food Thermometer Use When Cooking Small Cuts of Meat: An Application of the Transtheoretical Model

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 1874-1883 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASAMI T. TAKEUCHI ◽  
MIRIAM EDLEFSEN ◽  
SANDRA M. McCURDY ◽  
VIRGINIA N. HILLERS
Keyword(s):  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Readiness To Adopt ◽  
Educational Campaigns

An intervention to promote use of food thermometers when cooking small cuts of meat was conducted using the Transtheoretical Model. Objectives were to (i) increase use of food thermometers by home food preparers, (ii) improve consumers' attitudes regarding use of a food thermometer, and (iii) examine relationships between stages of change and decisional balance, self-efficacy, and processes of change. A randomly selected group of residents of Washington and Idaho (n = 2,500) were invited to participate in the research; 295 persons completed all phases of the multistep intervention. Following the intervention program, there was a significant increase in food thermometer use when cooking small cuts of meat (P < 0.01); those persons classified in action and maintenance stages increased from 9 to 34%. Ownership of thermometers also significantly increased (P < 0.05). The three constructs related to the Transtheoretical Model that were used in the study (decisional balance, self-efficacy, and processes of change) were very useful for examining differences among people at different stages of change because the responses for each set of questions differed positively and significantly (P < 0.01) as stages of change classifications advanced from precontemplation (no interest in thermometer use) to action and maintenance (individuals who use food thermometers). Additional educational campaigns designed to increase use of food thermometers are needed. Because most consumers are currently in the precontemplation stage, food thermometer campaigns will be most effective when they are focused on raising awareness of the food safety risks and the benefits of using food thermometers when cooking small cuts of meat.

Exercise Behavior in Older Adults: A Test of the Transtheoretical Model

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corjena Cheung ◽  
Jean Wyman ◽  
Cynthia Gross ◽  
Jennifer Peters ◽  
Mary Findorff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Exercise Behavior ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Walking Behavior ◽  
Walking Program ◽  
Pros And Cons

The transtheoretical model (TTM) was developed as a guide for understanding behavior change. Little attention has been given, however, to the appropriateness of the TTM for explaining the adoption of exercise behavior in older adults. The purposes of this study were to determine the reliability of the TTM instruments and validate TTM predictions in 86 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 75.1 ± 7.0 years, 87% women) who were participants in a 16-week walking program. TTM construct scales—self-efficacy, decisional balance (pros and cons), and processes of change (behavioral and cognitive)—were generally reliable (all α > .78). Behavioral processes of change increased from baseline to follow-up, but pros, cons, and cognitive processes did not change among participants who became regular exercisers. Stage of change did not predict exercise adoption, but baseline self-efficacy predicted walking behavior. These results lend partial support to the TTM in predicting exercise behavior.

Self-efficacy, decisional balance and the stages of change for smoking cessation in a German sample

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Keller ◽  
Claudio R. Nigg ◽  
Christian Jäkle ◽  
Erika Baum ◽  
Heinz-Dieter Basler
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
German Sample ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Relationship Of

The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) has been shown to be a powerful basis for describing and explaining behavior change and designing effective interventions. Previous research has documented its usefulness in the context of smoking cessation as well as other areas but predominantly in US samples. The goal of this study was to provide further data on the applicability of the TTM and the relationship of some of its core constructs (stage of change, self-efficacy, decisional balance) in a German sample of smokers and ex-smokers. Participants (N = 401) were ever-smokers (age M = 47 years, range 35-65, 62% male) who participated in a health check-up for cardiovascular risk factors at their general practitioner's office. For current smokers, significant differences in the number of quit attempts across the stages of change supported the criterion validity of the staging algorithm; differences in number of cigarettes per day were non-significant. Self-efficacy for non-smoking behavior showed an almost linear increase across the stages of change, with significant differences between pre-action and action stages. The pros for smoking cessation also increased significantly across the stages, mainly due to a significantly lower perception of pros by participants in the Precontemplation stage. As expected, the cons for smoking cessation decreased significantly, being lower in Action and Maintenance than in earlier stages. Although the generalizability of the results for the stage distribution is limited by the selectivity of the sample, the results underline the applicability and replicability of these TTM core constructs for smoking cessation with newly developed instruments in a German sample.

scholarly journals Tailored smartphone intervention to promote healthy eating among Brazilian adolescents: a randomised controlled trial protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e038896
Author(s):  
Giselle Rhaisa Melo ◽  
Stefany Correa Lima ◽  
Carolina M dos Santos Chagas ◽  
Eduardo Y Nakano ◽  
Natacha Toral
Keyword(s):  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Senior Student ◽  
Smartphone Intervention

IntroductionAdolescent eating patterns are characterised by high consumption of unhealthy foods, which has resulted in an increasing prevalence of overweight and chronic diseases. It is crucial to promote healthy eating habits, and nutritional interventions based on the transtheoretical model have been found to be especially effective. Mobile health strategies also seem promising for adolescents. This study aims to outline a smartphone intervention via WhatsApp for adolescents to promote healthy eating consumption, better nutritional knowledge, self-efficacy in the adoption of healthy practices and progress through the stages of change.Methods and analysisThere will be three distinct groups in this randomised study: a general intervention group (GG), in which the participants will receive the same healthy eating messages, based on the Brazilian food guide; a tailored intervention group (TG), in which the participants will receive healthy eating messages based on their stage of change; and a control group (CG), in which participants will receive messages on a different theme. Possession of a smartphone, use of WhatsApp and being a senior student (16–19 years) from a public school of the Federal District of Brazil will be the study’s inclusion criteria. Rural schools will be excluded. The sample size estimated is 390 individuals: 38 in the GG, 314 in the TG and 38 in the CG. The intervention will last 6 weeks, with a daily message sent to the students. We will investigate nutritional knowledge, self-efficacy in the adoption of healthy eating practices, food consumption and stages of change using preintervention and postintervention questionnaires. Memorisation of the messages will be also assessed.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the University of Brasília, School of Health Sciences and Research Ethics Committee. At the end of the study, the participating schools will receive a printed report with the main results of the intervention.Trial registration numberRBR-5b9jk7.

scholarly journals Changes of Motivational Variables in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis in an Exercise Intervention: Associations between Physical Performance and Motivational Determinants

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiebke Geertz ◽  
Anna-Sophie Dechow ◽  
Stefan Patra ◽  
Christoph Heesen ◽  
Stefan M. Gold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Control Group

Objectives. This study examines the effects of a standardized fitness training on motivational factors such as the intention to be physically active, self-efficacy, perceived barriers, counterstrategies, and exercise specific social support in patients with progressive Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and the relation of these factors to physical performance.Methods. Moderately disabled patients with secondary or primary progressive MS (Expanded Disability Status Scale of 4–6) were randomized to a training group or a waitlist control group. Patients completed on average 20 sessions of training tailored to their individual fitness at baseline over a course of 8–12 weeks. Motivational variables (stage of change according to the transtheoretical model (TTM), self-efficacy, perceived barriers, counterstrategies, and exercise specific social support) were assessed via questionnaires at baseline and follow-up.Results. Forty patients completed the trial. We found significant effects on stages of changep=.016and self-efficacyp=.014and a trend in counterstrategiesp=.08. Significant correlations between change of physical performance during the exercise training and change in the TTM, perceived barriers, and counterstrategies were detected.Conclusion. This study indicates that tailored individual endurance training could stabilize self-efficacy and increase exercise motivation in patients with progressive MS. Motivational variables were related to the physical performance.

scholarly journals Predictive Value of the Transtheoretical Model to Smoking Cessation in Hospitalized Patients with Cardiovascular Disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Maud-Christine Chouinard ◽  
Sylvie Robichaud-Ekstrand
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Smoking Abstinence ◽  
Pros And Cons

Background: Several authors have questioned the Transtheoretical Model (TTM). Determining the predictive value of each cognitive-behavioural element within this model could explain the successes reported in smoking cessation programs. The purpose of this study was to predict point-prevalent smoking abstinence and progression through stages of change at 2 and 6 months, using the constructs of the TTM, when applied to a pooled sample of individuals who were hospitalized for a cardiovascular event. Methods: In a predictive correlation design, recently hospitalized patients (N = 168) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) were pooled from a randomized controlled trial. Independent variables of the predictive TTM comprise stages and processes of change, pros and cons to quit smoking (decisional balance), self-efficacy, and social support. These were evaluated at baseline, 2 and 6 months. Results: Compared with smokers, individuals who abstained from smoking at 2 and 6 months were more confident at baseline to remain non-smokers, perceived less pros and cons to continue smoking, utilized less consciousness raising and self-reevaluation experiential processes of change, and received more positive reinforcement from their social network with regard to their smoke-free behaviour. Self-efficacy at baseline was the only element which predicted that patients would progress through the stages of change between hospital discharge and 6 months. Conclusions: Self-efficacy was the only element which predicted smoking abstinence and progression through stages of change. Observations about the other elements are congruent with the TTM. This study provides important information regarding the application of the TTM to smoking cessation in CVD patients.

The effect of TTM-based nutrition education on decisional balance, self-efficacy and processes of change for fat intake

2021 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-245
Author(s):  
Maedeh Gordali ◽  
Marjan Bazhan ◽  
Mohtasham Ghaffari ◽  
Nasrin Omidvar ◽  
Bahram Rashidkhani
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Stage Of Change ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Content Type

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to determine how transtheoretical model (TTM) constructions change through nutrition education for fat intake modification among overweight and obese women living in Shazand city, Iran.Design/methodology/approachA semi-experimental design with intervention and control groups (50 women in each group) was performed. TTM constructions for dietary fat intake were measured through a questionnaire in four phases: before the intervention, immediately, one month and six months after the intervention. Participants in two groups were classified into inactive and active subgroups, based on their determined stage of change. Then in the intervention group, each subgroup received a separate education program of five or eight sessions for the active and inactive subgroups, respectively.FindingsThe intervention resulted in significant progress in participants' stage of change compared to the control group (p = 0.002). Also, it resulted in an increase in the self-efficacy and decisional balance scores in both of the intervention subgroups, with these effects being more pronounced in the inactive subgroup, and these significant differences, compared to the control group, remained in the third and fourth phases. The intervention also positively impacted the behavioral processes, but this effect was not so long-lasting and decreased after six months.Originality/valueThe results indicated the intervention effectiveness and the necessity of planning educational interventions to change fat consumption behavior. This study provides further insight into effective and sustainable nutrition education strategies based on behavioral change stages rather than traditional approaches. These methods should be used to design group interventions to change individuals' health behavior in future works.

Transtheoretical Model and Stages of Change in Health and Risk Messaging

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth M. Noar
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Message Design ◽  
Tailored Interventions ◽  
Theoretical Approaches

The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) is an integrative health behavior change theory that describes the process of how people change their behavior. The central organizing construct in the theory is stages of change, which are five distinct stages of readiness to change behavior, ranging from not ready to change (precontemplation), thinking about change (contemplation), preparing to change (preparation), changing (action), and maintaining the change (maintenance). Movement through the stages may be nonlinear, and cycling and recycling through the stages is viewed as a natural part of the change process. Other model constructs explain what drives individuals forward through the stages of change. Decisional balance involves a weighing of pros and cons of changing behavior, while self-efficacy involves situation-specific confidence that one can change. Increases in pros, deceases in cons, and increases in self-efficacy propel people forward through the stages of change. The processes of change are experiential and behavioral strategies that people use to change their behavior. In early stages of change, people use experiential strategies while they use behaviorally oriented strategies in later stages of change. The TTM holds significant implications for message design. Most notably, messages should be targeted and tailored to stages of change, and where possible, to other model variables as well. Studies indicate that the TTM has been successfully applied to health communication campaigns, and to a larger extent, to computer-tailored interventions to change health behavior. Meta-analyses indicate that scores of computer-tailored interventions have been efficacious, including many based upon the TTM and stages of change. New applications of the model include a focus on novel health behaviors, multiple behavior change, and advancing an understanding of message design in the context of the TTM in combination with other theoretical approaches.

Furthering Proactivity and Career Adaptability Among University Students: Test of Intervention

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zane Asher Green ◽  
Uzma Noor ◽  
Mohammad Nawaz Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Career Planning ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Career Adaptability ◽  
Work Transition ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Practical Implications

This study was based on a theory-driven training course, Staying Relevant. It aimed at developing university students’ proactive personality and career adaptability resources (concern, control, curiosity, and confidence) with the assumption that 6 months later, they would demonstrate appropriate adapting responses (career planning, career decision-making self-efficacy, career exploration, and occupational self-efficacy). A randomized control trial, the study used the pretest–posttest–posttest one control group ( n = 49) and one experimental group ( n = 49) design. Compared to the control group, results indicated that the training group had higher proactivity and career adaptability resources immediately after the training and 6 months later as well as showed higher adapting responses 6 months later. Theoretical contributions and practical implications of these results are also discussed. The study concluded that the Staying Relevant course embodying an eclectic mix of intervention best practices could be successful in facilitating a smooth university-to-work transition.

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