scholarly journals In-vitro Screening for Anthelmintic Potential of Crotalaria retusa on Pheretima posthuma

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4-A) ◽  
pp. 340-343
Author(s):  
Rakesh Tirkey
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Death Time ◽  
Soxhlet Method ◽  
Dose Dependent

Objective: Aim of the present study is to evaluate the anthelmintic potential of Crotalaria retusa leaf extract on Pheretima posthuma. Methods: Extracts of Crotalaria retusa leaves prepared by Soxhlet method. The extracts were screened for phytochemicals such as alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, steroids, etc. aqueous (AECR) and ethanolic (EECR) extracts were tested for anthelmintic activity using Indian adult earthworm (Pheretima posthuma). Results: The observation showed that EECR gave shorter paralysis and death time at 100 mg/mL as compared to AECR. Mean±SEM values were calculated for both extract and standard. EECR showed anthelmintic activity in a dose-dependent manner taking the shortest time for paralysis. Conclusion: The result demonstrated that both the investigational extracts showed significant anthelmintic activity (P<0.05) for the time taken for paralysis and death when compared to standard drug mebendazole. Keywords: Crotalaria retusa, Anthelmintic, Pheretima posthuma, phytochemical.

scholarly journals IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CENTELLA ASIATICA LINN. IN INDIAN ADULT EARTHWORMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
SWAGATA DATTA ◽  
GEETANJALI NINGTHOUJAM ◽  
CHRISTINA ZOSANGPUII ◽  
PAONAM SHYAMASAKHI ◽  
NAMEIRAKPAM MEENA
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Gum Acacia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Higher Doses

Objective: Helminthiasis is one of the most prevalent parasitic infestations worldwide posing a major threat to public health. The control of these nematodes has relied largely on the use of a limited number of anthelmintics. However, emerging resistance and side effects to the currently available anthelmintic drugs is a major concern and discovery of newer anthelmintics with a novel mode of action is the need of the hour. The present study is aimed to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of ethanolic extract of Centella asiatica Linn. (EECA) on Indian earthworms (Pheretima posthuma). Methods: The earthworms were divided into 4 groups with 6 worms in each group. The anthelmintic activity of EECA at two different concentrations (25 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml) was evaluated by assessing the time of paralysis and time of death of the worms. Albendazole was used as standard and 2% gum acacia as control. Results: Albendazole at 25 mg/ml showed the highest anthelmintic activity and had significant difference (p<0.001) with EECA at both 25 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml. Conclusion: Both doses of the test drug showed anthelmintic activity but the extract at either dose was found to be less effective than the standard drug. Further studies with higher doses of the extract should be done to evaluate the anthelmintic activity in a dose-dependent manner.

scholarly journals Anthelmintic and Cytotoxic Activities of Two Medicinal Plants: Polygonum viscosum and Aphanamixis polystachya Growing in Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Amin ◽  
M. S. Majumder ◽  
M. M. R. Moghal ◽  
S. Banik ◽  
A. Kar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Cytotoxic Potential ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Vincristine Sulphate ◽  
Dose Dependent

The present study was designed to investigate in vitro anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities of crude methanolic extract of two plants(Polygonum viscosum and Aphanamixis polystachya) grown in Bangladesh. Evaluation of cytotoxic activity was done using the brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The crude methanolic extract of Polygonum viscosum showed significant cytotoxic potential (LC50 value of 6.34 ?g/ml) among all the fractions comparing with that of standard vincristine sulphate (0.825 ?g/ml). Besides, the LC50 values of crude methanolic extract, pet ether and chloroform extracts of Aphanamixis polystachya showed good cytotoxic activities 11, 10.36, and 16.45 µg/ml, respectively. The other study was undertaken to evaluate anthelmintic activity (using Pheretima posthuma model) where piperazine was used as reference standard. The crude methanolic extract of Polygonum viscosum leaves produced a significant anthelmintic activity in dose dependent manner and the activity of crude extract was comparable with that of standard drugs. Besides, the Aphanamixis polystachya extract revealed moderate anthelmintic activity. Here, the anova testing was done with the P < 0.05. Further studies are suggested to determine the active compounds responsible for the anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities of these two plant extracts.   Keywords: Anthelmintic; Cytotoxic; Medicinal plant; Aphanamixis polystachya; Polygonum viscosu.  © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.   doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i2.17299 J. Sci. Res. 6 (2), 339-345 (2014) 

scholarly journals Acaricidal activity of Furcraea foetida leaf extract against engorged female Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ticks

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. e37031
Author(s):  
Henrique Aparecido de Sousa Martins ◽  
Maria de Fatima Pereira ◽  
Enéas Ricardo Konzen ◽  
Gilvano Ebling Brondani ◽  
Wellington Ferreira Campos
Keyword(s):  
Crude Extract ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Acaricidal Activity ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Dose Dependent

The Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus tick is a major concern for the livestock market worldwide, as it causes serious economic damage. Plant-derived acaricides are an attractive alternative to control this ectoparasite and limit the development of resistance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the acaricidal activity of Furcraea foetida leaf extract against engorged female R. (B.) microplus ticks. Our in vitro bioassays showed that the crude extract of leaves from F. foetida caused hemorrhagic swelling and skin lesions in the ticks, and three days of treatment caused 100% mortality. Dose-response assay indicated that this toxicity effect was dose-dependent. Similar effects were observed when the crude extract from F. foetida leaves was denatured by boiling at 100°C. These results suggest that the toxicity of the leaf extract might be associated with thermostable biomolecules. Together, our results show for the first time that the crude extract of F. foetida leaves has acaricidal activity against engorged female R. (B.) microplus ticks and it acts in a dose-dependent manner.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION ON PHARMACOGNOSY AS WELL AS THE ANTIOXIDANT, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY POTENTIAL OF THE KATHA POWDER

2021 ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
PANKAJ SHARMA ◽  
RAJU L
Keyword(s):  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Alcoholic Solution ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Acacia Catechu ◽  
Dose Dependent

Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the pharmacognosy as well as the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory potential of the Katha powder. Methods: The Coarsely dried chips of Acacia catechu heartwood were treated with 10 % hydro-alcoholic solution to obtain Katha as the final product. The powdered Katha was standardized through pharmacognostic parameters. This Katha power is showing the good solubility in the hot water having astringent in the taste. The powder microscopy of the Katha powder is to be demonstrated fragments of acicular crystals, fibers, and bordered pitted vessels. Katha powder antioxidant potential is to be accessed by using the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl assay and NO Scavenging assay using ascorbic acid as a standard drug. Further, the Katha powder is to be subjected for the assessment of its anti-inflammatory potential by the use of heat-induced hemolysis as well as hypotonicity-induced hemolysis approach by the use of the aspirin or diclofenac sodium as a standard drug. Results: Microscopical investigations were showed that Katha showing the presence of fragments of acicular crystals, fibers, and bordered pitted vessels. In vitro study shows that the Katha powder has excellent antioxidant as well as anti-inflammatory potential in a dose-dependent manner in comparison of the result of heartwood of A. catechu. Conclusion: So from this investigation, it is to be suggested that the Katha powder is rich in the phenolic compound and the experimentation study shows that the drug is to possess a good antioxidant as well as anti-inflammatory property.

scholarly journals Ethanolic extract of ocimum kilimandscharicum linnleaves: phytochemical and in vitro pharmacological activity

2021 ◽  
pp. 106-109
Author(s):  
Yamini N ◽  
Lahari S ◽  
Phani deepthi V
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Clinical Development ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Thrombolytic Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Dose Dependent

Using an in vitro model, the anti-thrombolytic efficacy of ethanolic extracts of Ocimum kilimandscharicum Linn was investigated. The researchers discovered that different concentrations of the extract had significant anti-thrombolytic activity in a dose-dependent manner , which was comparable to a standard drug. As a result of the presence of flavonoids and polyphenols in the plant extract, it can be concluded that it has a promising future in the treatment of thrombosis. This knowledge will be useful in the clinical development of thrombolytic therapeutics by identifying more potent anti-thrombolytic principles from natural resources..    

Anthelmintic Activities of Hexacosa-9, 11-dienoic Acid and 3-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic Acid Isolated from Spermacoce verticillata

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Garba ◽  
M. M. Adeyemi ◽  
L. K. Musa
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Dienoic Acid ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Pentacyclic Triterpenoid ◽  
Death Time

The phytochemical screening, anthelmintics, and characterization of Spermacoce verticillata crude ethanolic extracts were carried out using standard methods. The research is aimed at investigating the in-vitro anthelmintic activity of Spermacoce verticillata and Cochlospermum tinctorium plants for possible active components. The results of phytochemical screening showed the presence of Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Tannin, Phenol, Fatty acid and Cardiac glycoside, Terpenoid and Saponin. The result of the anthelmintic activities showed that Spermacoce verticillata have paralysis time ranging from 25.9 -71.6 mins with death times ranging from  39 - 90.1 mins at concentrations range between 25 - 100 mg/cm3 The results of Chromatographic and Spectroscopic Analyses using TLC, CCH, IR, NMR GC-MS of c leads to the Isolation of two compounds namely Hexacosa-9,11-dienoic acid (fatty acid) and 3-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (Pentacyclic triterpenoid) with paralysis/death time at concentration of 50 mg/cm3  of 22.5 mins and 36.3 mins for the fatty acid and 13.2 mins and 20.1 mins for the pentacyclic triterpenoid. The results were compared with standard drug (Albendazole) which showed higher activity than the crude extracts but lower than the isolated compounds. The results of this work therefore confirmed the traditional claim of using the plant for the treatment of helminthiasis disease.

scholarly journals Ligand and Structure-Based Hybrid Screening for Anti-Parkinson Agents and their Pharmacological Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Mudita Mishra ◽  
Pankaj K. Sonar ◽  
Avinash C. Tripathi ◽  
Shailendra K. Saraf ◽  
Santosh Kumar Verma
Keyword(s):  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Lipinski’S Rule ◽  
Storage Vesicles ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Hybrid Screening

The behavioral and biochemical antiparkinson effect of 7-hydroxyflavone (7-HF) was evaluated by using virtual screening with an e-pharmacophore and shape-based screening approach, and the compound was screened by using the Sigma Aldrich compound library. Screened hits were filtered based on Lipinski’s rule, absorption, distribution,metabolism,elimination, (software for evaluation) (ADME), and toxicity parameters. The best scoring hit, 7-hydroxy 2 phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one, i.e., 7-HF was selected based on shape similarity (> 0.7), g-score, and conserved interactions. Toxicity assessment of retrieved hits was carried out by Osiris and Lazar programs. This study aims to obtain some potential hits, against various antiparkinson category from reported literature and available online resources, and validate their potency by in vivo, in vitro methods. Reserpine 5 mg/kg produces Parkinson’s like condition by depleting presynaptic catecholamines, particularly dopamine through the process of degranulation of storage vesicles. 7-HF 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg was used as a test compound. Syndopa 275 mg/kg was used as a standard drug. The results demonstrate that treatment with 7-HF improved the total locomotor activity and muscular coordination in the rotarod test. In the open field test, enhanced rearing, grooming duration of mobility, and gripping strength in the chimney test, while a decrease in cataleptic scores in the bar test. 7-HF significantly increases catalase, superoxide dismutase, and reduces glutathione level, while reduced the Malondialdehyde (MDA) level. The total protein concentration was also increased in 7-HF treated groups. The behavioral and biochemical results obtained from this study disclosed a definite neuroprotective role of 7-HF in a dose-dependent manner. It is also clear that 7-HF showed potent and effective antiparkinson activity in a similar way as standard. Interestingly, in behavioral and biochemical studies, 7-HF showed approximately equivalent effects as compared to syndopa.

scholarly journals In-vitro anthelmintic activity of Boswellia serrata and Aloe barbadensis extracts on Pheretima posthuma: Indian earthworm

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1843
Author(s):  
Pallavi Sitaram Shelke ◽  
Pradnya Nilesh Jagtap ◽  
Prajakta Rohidas Tanpure
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Resistance ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aloe Barbadensis ◽  
Boswellia Serrata ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Anthelmintic Drugs

Background: The development of anthelmintic resistance and the high cost of conventional anthelmintic drugs led to the evaluation of medicinal plants as an alternative source of anthelmintics. In the current study, in- vitro experiments were conducted to determine the possible anthelmintic effects of crude aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the resins of Boswellia serrata and leaves of Aloe barbadensis on adult Indian earthworm (Pheretima posthuma).Methods: Various concentrations (50, 100, 150 mg/ml) of each extracts were tested and results were expressed in terms of time for paralysis and time for death of worms. The activities are well compared with the standard drug Albendazole as a positive control and saline water as negative control.Results: Anthelmintic activity was observed as dose dependent manner. It was found that alcoholic  extract exhibited maximum anthelmintic activity at concentration 100 and 150 mg/ml compared to standard drug Albendazole (10mg/ml) while aqueous extract show modest significant activity at concentration 150 mg/ml against worm Pheretima posthuma. All results was statistically analysed by using ‘Dunnett’s test’ one- way ANOVA; the p<0.001 were significant when compared with control and standard group.Conclusions: The present study proves the potential of combination of B. serrata and A. barbadensis as an anthelmintic drugs. Further studies are necessary to isolate and reveal the active compounds and to establish the mechanism of action.

scholarly journals Evaluation of ex vivo Thrombolytic Activity and in vitro Anti-inflammatory Activity of Thespesia populnea Leaf Extract

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vineela Satuluri ◽  
Vidyadhara Suryadevara ◽  
Vijetha Pendyala ◽  
Narasimhareddy M.
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Thrombolytic Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Alcohol Extract ◽  
Thespesia Populnea ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Thrombotic disorders like myocardial and cerebral infarction are fatal blood clotting related diseases. Synthetic therapeutics used in such disorders has serious adverse effects, so there is a need to investigate some more safe natural thrombolytic agents. Present study is a preliminary work towards such endeavors. During this study analysis of thrombolytic activity and anti-inflammatory activity of Thespesia populnea leaf extract using a simple and quick in vitro clot lysis assay was performed. Various concentrations of leaf extract i.e. 200μg/ml; 400μg/ml and 600μg/ml were tested at various time intervals including; 24, 48 and 72 hours duration of incubation at 37°C for observing maximum clot lysis. The result findings indicated that concentrations of leaf extract enhanced the percentage of clot lysis in dose dependent manner along with the incubation time factor. However; streptokinase SK a reference standard and water were used as a positive and negative control showed clot lysis maximum 96.35% and 35.22% in 72 hours of incubation respectively. Alcohol extract of whole plant of Thespesia populnea (Family: Malvaceae) was assessed for its anti-inflammatory activity by in vitro methods. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using albumin denaturation assay at different concentrations. Diclofenac sodium was used as standard drug. The results showed that Thespesia populnea alcohol extract at a concentration range of 400-1600μl significantly protects from protein denaturation.

Pharmacognostic Profile, In-vitro Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Potential of Ethanolic Fruit Extract of Pyrus communis L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Singh ◽  
Meenakshi Bajpai ◽  
Pradeep Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Antiradical Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Pyrus Communis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cell Protection ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Pyrus Communis L ◽  
Dose Dependent

Background: The ethanolic extract of Pyrus communis L. fruit (EEPC) was assessed for hepatoprotective and in vitro antiradical activity against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rat’s liver. Methods: The degree of hepatoprotection was screened by measuring biochemical parameters including serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total albumin (TA), total protein (TP) and total bilirubin (TB). The antiradical activity was assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide free radical scavenging property. The hepatoprotective effects of the extract were compared with Silymarin used as a standard drug (100 mg/kg, p.o, bodyweight). Results: The ethanolic extract of the fruit has the capabilities to scavenge the free radicals, in vitro respectively. Additionally, the ethanolic extract (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, p.o, bodyweight) exhibited marked hepatoprotective action in respect of CCl4 intoxicated rodents in a dose-dependent manner. EEPC at a dose of 400mg/kg could afford significant dose-dependent protection against CCl4 induced hepatocellular injury. Conclusion: Biochemical samples obtained from the animals treated with ethanolic extracts (400mg/kg, body weight) showed a significant decrease in the levels of serum markers indicating the hepatic cell protection.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document