scholarly journals Anthelmintic and Cytotoxic Activities of Two Medicinal Plants: Polygonum viscosum and Aphanamixis polystachya Growing in Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Amin ◽  
M. S. Majumder ◽  
M. M. R. Moghal ◽  
S. Banik ◽  
A. Kar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Cytotoxic Potential ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Vincristine Sulphate ◽  
Dose Dependent

The present study was designed to investigate in vitro anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities of crude methanolic extract of two plants(Polygonum viscosum and Aphanamixis polystachya) grown in Bangladesh. Evaluation of cytotoxic activity was done using the brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The crude methanolic extract of Polygonum viscosum showed significant cytotoxic potential (LC50 value of 6.34 ?g/ml) among all the fractions comparing with that of standard vincristine sulphate (0.825 ?g/ml). Besides, the LC50 values of crude methanolic extract, pet ether and chloroform extracts of Aphanamixis polystachya showed good cytotoxic activities 11, 10.36, and 16.45 µg/ml, respectively. The other study was undertaken to evaluate anthelmintic activity (using Pheretima posthuma model) where piperazine was used as reference standard. The crude methanolic extract of Polygonum viscosum leaves produced a significant anthelmintic activity in dose dependent manner and the activity of crude extract was comparable with that of standard drugs. Besides, the Aphanamixis polystachya extract revealed moderate anthelmintic activity. Here, the anova testing was done with the P < 0.05. Further studies are suggested to determine the active compounds responsible for the anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities of these two plant extracts.   Keywords: Anthelmintic; Cytotoxic; Medicinal plant; Aphanamixis polystachya; Polygonum viscosu.  © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.   doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i2.17299 J. Sci. Res. 6 (2), 339-345 (2014) 

scholarly journals In-vitro cytotoxicity and antioxidant property evaluation from methanolic extract of Cuscuta Reflexa flowers

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-291
Author(s):  
Md Hossan Sakib ◽  
Mohammad Shahadat Hossain ◽  
Muhammad Sazzad Hossain ◽  
Asif Al Mahmood ◽  
Md Yasin Sarkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Cuscuta Reflexa ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Vincristine Sulphate ◽  
Anti Oxidant

This investigation is made upon the plant Cuscuta reflexa, the flowers of it, to find out its Cytotoxicity property. The anti-oxidant property of this plant part was investigated using methanol extraction. Methanolic extract of Cuscuta reflexa.Was used to evaluate its cytotoxicity in Brine shrimp lethality bioassay where vincristine sulphate was used as standard drug. In Brine shrimp lethality bioassay, LC50 value of the extract was 36.72?g/ml and vincristine sulphate served as the positive control showed LC50 value 10.51?g/ml. So, compared to vincristine sulphate, it is evident that the methanol extract of flowers of Cuscuta reflexa was cytotoxic. In case of anti-oxidant the scavenging power (IC50) of DPPH radical was 29.26, 17.07, 18.29, 19.55 and 54.87?g/ml respectively.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2015, 1(2): 285-291

scholarly journals Investigation of In-Vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Methanolic Extract of Tylophora Indica Leaves Against Haemonchus Contortus

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhadde Gurunath S ◽  
◽  
Mali Hanmant S ◽  
Sapate Rohit B ◽  
Vakhariya Rohan R ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Phosphate Buffer Solution ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Tylophora Indica ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

In current study of natural antiparasiticin-vitroanthelmintic activity of methanolic extracts of Tylophoraindica leaves against Haemonchus contortusconducted. This study was conducted by preparing the plant extract in methanol by using maceration process. This methanolic extract of Tylophoraindica exhibited greater anthelminthic activity, thismethanolic extract resulted 100% mortality after 6 hours exposure at 50 mg/ml of concentration, the 90% of mortality shows after 6 hours exposure at the concentration of 25 mg/ml and 80% of mortality shows after exposure 6 hours at 12.5 mg/ml concentration. In the presence of albendazole (used as a reference standard drug)100 percent of worm mortality observed within 4 hours. After Post-exposureworm mortality was not found in phosphate buffer solution. Leading to the nature of phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, tannins and flavonoids etc., the extract shows greater worm mortality operation.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF IN VITRO ANTHELMINTIC PROPERTIES OF AVICENNIA MARINA LEAVES

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Gana Manjusha Kondepudi
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Peak Activity ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Normal Water ◽  
Chloroform Methanol ◽  
Dose Dependent

 Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to determine the anthelmintic properties of chloroform, methanol and aqueous extracts of Avicennia marina leaves on Indian earthworm- Pheretima posthuma. Methods: Three concentrations of each extract (25 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, and 75 mg/ml) were studied in this activity to determine the time of paralysis (vermifuge) and the time of the death of the worms (vermicidal). Piperazine citrate in the same concentrations was taken a reference standard and normal water was taken as control. The time taken for paralysis and death of the worms was recorded.Results: All the extracts showed dose-dependent and a significant activity was shown at higher concentration (75 mg/ml). Methanolic extract showed peak activity at a concentration of 75 mg/ml.Conclusion: Based on the results it was found that the leaves of A. marina possess vermifuge and vermicidal activities and can be used as an effective anthelmintic.

scholarly journals Comparative in vitro anthelmintic activity of three plants from the Amaranthaceae family

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
K. Lakshman ◽  
K.N. Jayaveera ◽  
R. Nandeesh ◽  
B. Manoj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Amaranthus Caudatus ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Amaranthus Spinosus ◽  
Dose Dependent

The three plants presented in this study are Amaranthus spinosus, Amaranthus caudatus and Amaranthus viridis L. They belong to the Amaranthaceae family and are traditionally used as vermicides. Our aim was to investigate the anthelmintic activity of the three plants using earthworms (Pheretima posthuma). Methanol extracts of the three plants at different concentrations (10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 mg/ml) showed dose-dependent vermicidal activities. At concentrations of 80 and 100 mg/ml all three plant extracts caused paralysis (8.18, 5, 12.16, 5.75, 10.2, 7.8 min) and death (14.65, 9.12, 18.6, 8.5, 18.6, 12.7 min), respectively. Piperazine was used as a reference standard at a concentration of 10 mg/ml. Our study found that the three plants possess potent anthelmintic activity when compared to Piperazine.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and cytotoxic potential of methanol extract of Tabernaemontana divaricata leaves

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nowshin Nowaz Rumzhum ◽  
Md Mostafizur Rahman ◽  
Md Khalequzzaman Kazal
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Tabernaemontana Divaricata ◽  
Vincristine Sulphate

The methanolic extract obtained from the leaves of Tabernaemontana divericata (Family: Apocynaceae) was evaluated for in vitro antioxidant potential by determination of total antioxidant capacity, assay of nitric oxide scavenging activity and reducing power test. The extract was also screened for its cytotoxic effect using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The results revealed potent antioxidant property in all antioxidant assays compared to the reference antioxidant, ascorbic acid in a dose dependent manner. Further, the methanolic extract of Tabernaemontana divericata showed significant cytotoxic effect (LC50: 3.12μg/ml) compared with positive control, Vincristine Sulphate (LC50: 0.331μg/ml).Key Words: Tabernaemontana divaricata; Apocynaceae; Antioxidant; Cytotoxicity.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i2.9446International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(2): 27-31

scholarly journals Cytotoxic, Membrane Stabilizing and Anti-diarrheal Activities of Bambusa bambos Linn.

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ridwan Bin Rashid ◽  
Sharmin Khandker Shampa ◽  
Md Al Faruk ◽  
Mohiminul Adib ◽  
Mohammad Firoz Khan
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Hypotonic Solution ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Vincristine Sulphate ◽  
The Family ◽  
Brine Shrimps ◽  
Human Rbcs

Bambusa bambos Linn., a herbal medicine belonging to the family Poaceae, is locally known as Kanta bans or only bans. The crude methanolic extract of leaves of B. bambos and its different partitionates were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity, membrane stabilizing and anti-diarrheal activities. In the cytotoxicity screening, the dichloromethane and pet ether soluble fractions displayed the highest lethality to brine shrimps with LC50 of 3.91 and 8.45?g/ml, respectively, whereas the standard vincristine sulphate had LC50 value of 0.45?g/ml. In the membrane stabilizing assay, the crude methanolic extract exhibited highest inhibition of haemolysis of human RBCs by 71.08 ± 0.43% and 49.44 ± 0.73% in heat- and hypotonic solution-induced haemolysis, respectively. The extract exhibited significant (p < 0.05) anti-diarrheal effect at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight in the castor oil induced anti-diarrheal assay.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 19(2): 161-165, 2016

scholarly journals IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CENTELLA ASIATICA LINN. IN INDIAN ADULT EARTHWORMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
SWAGATA DATTA ◽  
GEETANJALI NINGTHOUJAM ◽  
CHRISTINA ZOSANGPUII ◽  
PAONAM SHYAMASAKHI ◽  
NAMEIRAKPAM MEENA
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Gum Acacia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Higher Doses

Objective: Helminthiasis is one of the most prevalent parasitic infestations worldwide posing a major threat to public health. The control of these nematodes has relied largely on the use of a limited number of anthelmintics. However, emerging resistance and side effects to the currently available anthelmintic drugs is a major concern and discovery of newer anthelmintics with a novel mode of action is the need of the hour. The present study is aimed to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of ethanolic extract of Centella asiatica Linn. (EECA) on Indian earthworms (Pheretima posthuma). Methods: The earthworms were divided into 4 groups with 6 worms in each group. The anthelmintic activity of EECA at two different concentrations (25 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml) was evaluated by assessing the time of paralysis and time of death of the worms. Albendazole was used as standard and 2% gum acacia as control. Results: Albendazole at 25 mg/ml showed the highest anthelmintic activity and had significant difference (p<0.001) with EECA at both 25 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml. Conclusion: Both doses of the test drug showed anthelmintic activity but the extract at either dose was found to be less effective than the standard drug. Further studies with higher doses of the extract should be done to evaluate the anthelmintic activity in a dose-dependent manner.

scholarly journals In-vitro Screening for Anthelmintic Potential of Crotalaria retusa on Pheretima posthuma

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4-A) ◽  
pp. 340-343
Author(s):  
Rakesh Tirkey
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Death Time ◽  
Soxhlet Method ◽  
Dose Dependent

Objective: Aim of the present study is to evaluate the anthelmintic potential of Crotalaria retusa leaf extract on Pheretima posthuma. Methods: Extracts of Crotalaria retusa leaves prepared by Soxhlet method. The extracts were screened for phytochemicals such as alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, steroids, etc. aqueous (AECR) and ethanolic (EECR) extracts were tested for anthelmintic activity using Indian adult earthworm (Pheretima posthuma). Results: The observation showed that EECR gave shorter paralysis and death time at 100 mg/mL as compared to AECR. Mean±SEM values were calculated for both extract and standard. EECR showed anthelmintic activity in a dose-dependent manner taking the shortest time for paralysis. Conclusion: The result demonstrated that both the investigational extracts showed significant anthelmintic activity (P<0.05) for the time taken for paralysis and death when compared to standard drug mebendazole. Keywords: Crotalaria retusa, Anthelmintic, Pheretima posthuma, phytochemical.

Estimation of total phenolics and flavonoidal contents as well as in vitro antioxidant potential of Apium leptophyllum Pers.

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhusan Sahoo Himanshu ◽  
Subrat Kumar Bhattamisra ◽  
Uttam Kumar Biswas ◽  
Rakesh Sagar
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract At present, major causes of diseases is oxidative stress affecting both metabolic and physiological functions of the body. That is why there is a great need for investigation of nutritious food supplements for counteracting these oxidative stresses. Therefore, the aim of study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Apium leptophyllum Pers. fruits by estimating total phenolic as well as flavonoidal contents and antioxidant values. The collected fruits were extracted separately using different solvents like methanol, ethanol and water. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were measured from the respective extracts and correlated with their antioxidant values. The antioxidant properties of various fruit extracts (12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 150 μg/ml) were evaluated by DPPH, hydroxyl, nitric oxide and superoxide scavenging assay and compared with ascorbic acid as a standard. All the extracts of A. leptophyllum were found to be dose dependent inhibition against these free radicals. Among all these extracts, the methanolic one was found better in the scavenging activity and followed dose-dependent manner against DPPH, hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide, superoxide anions with minimum IC50 values of 97.9, 89.02, 135.37, 127.73 μg/ml, respectively, and also observed more significant (p<0.01) as compared with standard Furthermore, total phenolic and flavonoidal contents were found highest in methanolic extract. The results obtained in this study clearly indicate that the methanolic extract of A. leptophyllum may be used as a new potential source of natural nutritional supplement in food or pharmaceutical industries due to rich source of phenolic, flavonoidal contents as well as antioxidant property

Oxygenation of 18-hydroxycorticosterone as the final reaction for aldosterone biosynthesis

1984 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itaru Kojima ◽  
Etsuro Ogata ◽  
Hiroshi Inano ◽  
Bun-ichi Tamaoki
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Mitochondrial Preparation ◽  
Final Reaction ◽  
Vitro Production ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Cytochrome P 450

Abstract. Incubation of 18-hydroxycorticosterone with the sonicated mitochondrial preparation of bovine adrenal glomerulosa tissue leads to the production of aldosterone, as measured by radioimmunoassay. The in vitro production of aldosterone from 18-hydroxycorticosterone requires both molecular oxygen and NADPH, and is inhibited by carbon monoxide. Cytochrome P-450 inhibitors such as metyrapone, SU 8000. SU 10603, SKF 525A, amphenone B and spironolactone decrease the biosynthesis of aldosterone from 18-hydroxycorticosterone. These results support the conclusion that the final reaction in aldosterone synthesis from 18-hydroxycorticosterone is catalyzed by an oxygenase, but not by 18-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. By the same preparation, the production of [3H]aldosterone but not [3H]18-hydroxycorticosterone from [1,2-3H ]corticosterone is decreased in a dose-dependent manner by addition of non-radioactive 18-hydroxycorticosterone.

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