Study on compressive strength of plastic waste bituminous concrete for road construction

Abstract Waste plastic is accumulation all over the world causing serious environmental problems. This paper aims to study the Plastic Waste Mixed Bituminous Concrete Using Dry Process for Road Construction. The study evaluates the addition of shredded waste plastic in the bituminous concrete which results in significant increase in the stability value and Marshall Properties of mix. The study reveals that the use of waste plastic in bituminous concrete is safe and sustainable for road construction.

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Conceptualization and Design of a Small Pyrolysis Plant for the Sustainable Production of Flexible Bricks and Bituminous Concrete from Polyethylene Terephthalate Waste

10.5772/intechopen.100053 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ngonidzashe L. Shangwa ◽

Wilson R. Nyemba ◽

Simon Chinguwa ◽

Tien-Chien Jen

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽

Construction Materials ◽

Road Construction ◽

Calorific Value ◽

Raw Material ◽

Chemical Attack ◽

Proper Disposal ◽

Bituminous Concrete

Polyethylene terephthalate is majorly used for packaging of various products because of its resistance to chemical attack and environmental degradation, but the proper disposal of this non-biodegradable material has been a major challenge. Pyrolysis is the melting of plastic in the absence of oxygen. Currently pyrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate is considered as a viable recycling method since it only requires 5% of the calorific value of polyethylene terephthalate. This research was aimed at designing a pyrolysis plant for the production of construction materials with acceptable mechanical properties such as compressive strength and water absorption. Sustainable, eco-friendly road construction from bituminous concrete with waste polyethylene terephthalate has the capability of reducing carbon emissions. The polyethylene terephthalate bituminous composite has the flexibility of plastic but strength of concrete. The bricks have a maximum compressive strength of 10 N/mm2 which is within the standard range and have less water absorbing tendencies hence have a longer lifespan. Value addition is equally important in the pyrolysis plant so as to contribute to sustainable development. This book chapter reviews the different products such as polyethylene terephthalate composite bricks and flexible pavements which can effectively use polyethylene terephthalate waste as a raw material.

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Study on Indirect Tensile Strength of Plastic Waste Bituminous Concrete for Road Construction

Romanian Journal of Transport Infrastructure ◽

10.2478/rjti-2018-0006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 93-106

Author(s):

Anurag V. Tiwari ◽

Y R M Rao

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Road Construction ◽

Plastic Waste ◽

Indirect Tensile Strength ◽

Combined Process ◽

Waste Plastic ◽

Dry Process ◽

Wet Process ◽

Indirect Tensile ◽

Bituminous Concrete

Abstract The rutting and cracking of pavements has become very common problem in India. Also the quantity of plastic waste has significantly increased in the recent year due to industrialization and population growth. Improper disposal of these plastic wastes has caused various environmental problems, hence the alternative use of waste plastic in bituminous concrete for road construction has been encouraged by the community. In the present study the Indirect Tensile Strength Test has been carried out on Marshall Samples confirming to ASTM D6931-12. Three different processes (dry process, wet process and combined process) of mixing of waste plastic were used during experimentation. It was found that the indirect tensile strength (ITS) and tensile strength ratio (TSR) of sample significantly increase up to 8%, 6% and 12% for dry process, wet process and combined process respectively for LDPE and HDPE type of waste plastic.

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The production of valuable products and fuel from plastic waste in Africa

Discover Sustainability ◽

10.1007/s43621-021-00040-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

M. Opoku Amankwa ◽

E. Kweinor Tetteh ◽

G. Thabang Mohale ◽

G. Dagba ◽

P. Opoku

Keyword(s):

Environmental Protection Agency ◽

Road Construction ◽

Plastic Waste ◽

Liquid Fuels ◽

Environmental Costs ◽

Waste Generation ◽

Sustainable Environment ◽

Trade Offs ◽

The Us ◽

Shipping Containers

AbstractGlobal plastic waste generation is about 300 million metric tons annually and poses crucial health and environmental problems. Africa is the second most polluted continent in the world, with over 500 shipping containers of waste being imported every month. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) report suggests that about 75% of this plastic waste ends up in landfills. However, landfills management is associated with high environmental costs and loss of energy. In addition, landfill leachates end up in water bodies, are very detrimental to human health, and poison marine ecosystems. Therefore, it is imperative to explore eco-friendly techniques to transform plastic waste into valuable products in a sustainable environment. The trade-offs of using plastic waste for road construction and as a component in cementitious composites are discussed. The challenges and benefits of producing liquid fuels from plastic waste are also addressed. The recycling of plastic waste to liquid end-products was found to be a sustainable way of helping the environment with beneficial economic impact.

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Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Polyethylene-Portland Cement Composites

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-1242-s4-p129 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1242 ◽

Author(s):

Rivas-Vázquez L.P. ◽

Suárez-Orduña R. ◽

Valera-Zaragoza M. ◽

Máas-Díaz A. De la L. ◽

Ramírez-Vargas E.

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Portland Cement ◽

Plastic Waste ◽

Cement Composites ◽

Compression Tests ◽

Standard Samples ◽

Cement Ratio ◽

Reinforcing Fibers ◽

Waste Polyethylene

ABSTRACTThe effects of waste polyethylene aggregate as admixture agent in Portland cement at different addition polyethylene/cement ratios from 0.0156 to 0.3903 were investigated. The reinforced samples were prepared according the ASTM C 150 Standard (samples of 5 × 5 × 5 cm). The reinforcing fibers were milling at a size of 1/25 in diameter, form waste and used them to evaluate the effects in mechanical properties in cement-based composites. The evaluation of polyethylene as additive was based on results of density and compression tests. The 28-day compressive strength of cement reforced with plastic waste at a replacement polyethylene/cement ratio of 0.0468 was 23.5 MPa compared to the control concrete (7.5 MPa). The density of cement replaced with polyethylene varies from 2.114 (0% polyethylene) to 1.83 g/cm3 by the influence of polyethylene.

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Physical-Mechanical Properties of Paving Block from Plastic Shopping Bags Waste and Sand

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.849.61 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 849 ◽

pp. 61-66

Author(s):

Iswahyuni ◽

Indri Hermiyati ◽

Suharyanto ◽

Uma Fadzilia Arifin ◽

Dewi Nur Hidayati

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Economic Value ◽

Plastic Waste ◽

Alternative Solution ◽

Friction Resistance ◽

Plastic Bags ◽

Fine Surface

Plastic shopping bags are easy to obtain for free or at low prices, hence contribute as the highest quantity among plastic waste. The plastic shopping bags waste has no economic value. Usually they are just thrown away. An alternative solution is by utilizing them to produce paving block by mixing with sands. The objective of this experiment is to evaluate the best ratio composition of plastic shopping bags waste and sand, followed by evaluation of the physical-mechanical properties of this particular paving block. Several different mixture ratios of weights of plastic shopping bag and sand were evaluated to obtain the best physical-mechanical properties of the paving block. The mixture ratios of weight of plastic shopping bags waste and sand were 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5, respectively. The shopping plastic bags waste was melted before mixed with sand. The different mixture ratios were mixed with same pressure. The paving block mixture with ratio of 1:4 exhibited the best physical-mechanical properties as revealed by no defect, no crack and fine surface. The compressive strength of 17.4 MPa, friction resistance of 0.138 mm/sec and water absorption of 2.518% can be achieved, which is suitable for parking area construction.

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PENYULUHAN DAN PERCONTOHAN PENGGUNAAN LIMBAH PLASTIK UNTUK MATERIAL BAHAN BANGUNAN DI LINGKUNGAN RPTRA, JAKARTA BARAT

Jurnal Abdi Masyarakat Indonesia ◽

10.25105/jamin.v1i3.6047 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Grace Kurniawati ◽

Lisa Oksri Nelfia ◽

Ade Okvianti Irlan ◽

Indrawati Sumeru

Keyword(s):

Building Materials ◽

Construction Material ◽

Construction Materials ◽

Road Construction ◽

Plastic Waste ◽

Waste Processing ◽

Public Road ◽

House Construction ◽

The People ◽

Natural Aggregates

Construction is growing rapidly nowadays. Buildings, housing, industry/business centers and highways will require natural aggregates which are natural resources that cannot be renewed. Therefore, we need replacement materials able to replace these natural aggregate. The large amount of plastic waste in fields, based on existing data, causes environmental pollution through it can be reused and useful for building and road construction. Most of communities don’t even know the plastic waste processing technology that allow their use in the construction of house construction such as floors, walls, roofs, and hinges and also road construction with not heavy road loads. The purpose of this activity is to provide the knowledge to the people of RPTRA related to technology for the use of plastic waste for building materials and also road construction in the area in the RPTRA environment considering it is not a public road and hence, with not heavy vehicle. The method used is firstly observation and interview of several houses visited. Then activities about using different types of plastic waste as construction materials. Finally, evaluation of the progress of the project by conducting a survey to people who had met the criteria of being a member of the plastic waste program. The success of this program will be the people’s understanding and a significate growing of any highvalue plastic use as construction material. The benefit of this community service is to increase the knowledge and insight of the people of RPTRA, South Meruya, and West Jakarta City, related to environmentally friendly technologies such as plastic waste processing.

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PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN LIMBAH PLASTIK POLYPROPYLENE (PP) SEBAGAI CAMPURAN AGREGAT KASAR TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN DAN TARIK PADA BETON FC’ 25 MPA

Jurnal Infrastruktur ◽

10.35814/infrastruktur.v3i2.706 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 81-89

Author(s):

Angga Pirman Firdaus ◽

Jonbi

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Strength Test ◽

Plastic Waste ◽

Concrete Mixture ◽

Strength Testing ◽

Concrete Compressive Strength ◽

Tensile Strength Test ◽

Compressive Strength Test ◽

Waste Mixture

Indonesia ranks second in the world's largest plastic waste producer after China. Each year, Indonesia can contributeup to 187.2 million tons of plastic waste, while China reaches 262.9 million tons of plastic waste. Based on the data, one way to utilize plastic waste by using plastic waste as a mixture of concrete, where the plastic used is polypropylene (PP) plastic with different percentage of concrete mixture, the test includes compressive strength test and tensile concrete. The results of concrete compressive strength testing with polypropylene (PP) plastic waste mixture of 5%, 10% and 15% at age 28 in aggregate aggregate mixture decreased by 5.15%, 6.89% and 13.53%. As for the result of concrete tensile strength test with polypropylene (PP) plastic waste mixture of 5%, 10% and 15% at age 28 in crude aggregate mixture decreased 17,61%, 24,13% dan 23,24%.

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An investigation of Teratak Buluh sand as a foam mortar aggregate material

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202133106002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 331 ◽

pp. 06002

Author(s):

Elsa Eka Putri ◽

Doni Rinaldi Basri ◽

Bayu Martanto Adji

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Soil Depth ◽

Peat Soil ◽

Road Construction ◽

Research Centre ◽

Peat Soils ◽

The Road ◽

West Sumatra ◽

Hard Soil ◽

Cement Mixture

Riau Province has the largest peat soil on Sumatra island. Peat soil has a low bearing capacity and very deep hard soil depth, even in some places up to 16 meters depth. This condition makes the construction of roads on peat soils will experience significant and unavoidable degradation and damage if no special handling is conducted. One of the efforts to overcome the situation in road construction is the use of foam mortar which has been developed by the Road and Bridge Research Centre (PUSJATAN) in 2013 which discovered the Foam Mortar Light Pile technology. This foam mortar is a cement mixture that has a lower density than water. This study conducted further research on finding the ratio of Cement vs. Sand in foam mortar which has a specific gravity smaller than water. The sand comes from Teratak Buluh Village, Kampar Regency, Riau Province and Cement (PCC) comes from Padang City, West Sumatra Province. The cement and sand ratio was varied; 1C:0.7S, 1C:0.8S, 1C:0.9S, 1C:1.0S, 1C:1.1S and 1C:1.2S. Cylindrical samples with a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 20 cm were subjected to a compression test using a modified CBR tool at the 7 day curing time. From the test results, samples at a ratio of 1C: 0.7S and 1C: 0.8S can float in water, with a density of 0.77 tonne/m3 and compressive strength of 901.20 kPa and a density of 0.83 tonne/m3 with a compressive strength of 971.35 kPa respectively.

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ANALYSIS INFLUENCE OF CEMENT OF THE ASPHALT PAVEMENT DEMOLITION MATERIAL ON ROADS SEMARANG-DEMAK-INDONESIA

Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering ◽

10.4090/juee.2017.v11n1.073078 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 73-78

Author(s):

P. Pratikso ◽

A. Purwanto ◽

S. Sudarno

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Technology Development ◽

Cement Content ◽

Asphalt Pavement ◽

Construction Material ◽

Road Construction ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Natural Material ◽

Road Infrastructure ◽

Asphalt Cement

Natural resources such as natural material such as stone, sand, asphalt which has long been used by humans for road construction because of the limited experience any material taken will collide with the preservation of the environment so that the construction work of road infrastructure obstacles and ultimately can lead to the work stalled road infrastructure. To overcome these problems it is necessary to the implementation of the technology development of road infrastructure by using recycled (recycling). The purpose of this study is to determine levels of cement that can be used for the top layer foundation (base course) with recycled materials mixed asphalt cement / Cement Treated Recycling Base (CTRB) on road rehabilitation Semarang - Demak and to determine the uncondifined compressive strength that occurs so that the material can be reused as construction material pavement layer. This study uses an experimental method in the laboratory with a cylindrical specimen diameter of 7 cm height of 14 cm made of asphalt pavement scratching Semarang-Demak roads with cement content variation 0%, 1.5%, 3%, 4.5%, 6% and 7.5% is used for testing the uncondifined compressive strength / (UCS) at the age of 7 days, 21 days, 14 days and 28 days. The results show that the addition of cement content will increase the value of the dry weight insignificantly, but will rise UCS value significantly and utilization of scratching asphalt cement with added material from these laboratory experiments can increase the carrying capacity CTRB construction. Levels of cement that meets the requirements of Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) for the construction of Cement Treated Recycling Base (CTRB) is between 6% to 7.5%. According to the results of research it is economically to used cement content at average of 6.75% for road rehabilitation works Semarang - Demak has met the required UCS test.

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