scholarly journals OIL CONTENT AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION IN THE PARTS OF OIL PALM FRUIT FROM 8 IOPRI VARIETIES

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Sujadi Sujadi ◽  
Hasrul Abdi Hasibuan ◽  
Meta Rivani ◽  
Abdul Razak Purba
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Main Component

Fresh fruit bunches (FFB) consist of fruit be composed grade in few spikelet. Fruit at a spikelet can be distinguished into performed fruit namely internal fruit, middle fruit and outer fruit as soon as each section contain parthenocarpy fruits. This research was conducted for determine composition and content fatty acid of oil at internal fruit, middle, outer and parthenocarpy fruit from oil palm fruit. Samples of fruit came from 3 – 5 spikelet the central of FFB. Result showed that oil content of outer fruit (46.9 + 9.9)% trend higher be compared middle fruit (42.8 + 10.3)% and internal fruit (39.1 + 9.5)%. Parthenocarpy fruits have a low oil content (14.2 + 16.2)% except yellowish fruit trend high relatively oil content. The main components of fatty acid at outer fruit, middle and internal are palmitic acid, oleic, linoleic and stearic with mean value respectively (44.8 – 45.8)%, (37.6 – 38.0)%, (9.9 – 10.9)% and (4.6 – 4.8)%. Oil content at parthenocarpy fruit have amount main component of fatty acid with performed fruit but composition of palmitic acid (40.0 + 5.9)% and oleic (34.6 + 8.4)% lower while linoleic acid (16.9 + 8.5)% and linolenic (1.6 + 1.8)% higher be compared to performed fruit. Simalungun variety has the highest oil content in the part of fruit, with that PPKS 540 and La Mé respectively. PPKS 540 variety has the highest oleic acid content while PPKS 718 has the highest linoleic content.

OIL CONTENT AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION IN THE PARTS OF OIL PALM FRUIT FROM 8 IOPRI VARIETIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Sujadi Sujadi ◽  
Hasrul Abdi Hasibuan ◽  
Meta Rivani ◽  
Abdul Razak Purba
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Main Component

Fresh fruit bunches (FFB) consist of fruit be composed grade in few spikelet. Fruit at a spikelet can be distinguished into performed fruit namely internal fruit, middle fruit and outer fruit as soon as each section contain parthenocarpy fruits. This research was conducted for determine composition and content fatty acid of oil at internal fruit, middle, outer and parthenocarpy fruit from oil palm fruit. Samples of fruit came from 3 – 5 spikelet the central of FFB. Result showed that oil content of outer fruit (46.9 + 9.9)% trend higher be compared middle fruit (42.8 + 10.3)% and internal fruit (39.1 + 9.5)%. Parthenocarpy fruits have a low oil content (14.2 + 16.2)% except yellowish fruit trend high relatively oil content. The main components of fatty acid at outer fruit, middle and internal are palmitic acid, oleic, linoleic and stearic with mean value respectively (44.8 – 45.8)%, (37.6 – 38.0)%, (9.9 – 10.9)% and (4.6 – 4.8)%. Oil content at parthenocarpy fruit have amount main component of fatty acid with performed fruit but composition of palmitic acid (40.0 + 5.9)% and oleic (34.6 + 8.4)% lower while linoleic acid (16.9 + 8.5)% and linolenic (1.6 + 1.8)% higher be compared to performed fruit. Simalungun variety has the highest oil content in the part of fruit, with that PPKS 540 and La Mé respectively. PPKS 540 variety has the highest oleic acid content while PPKS 718 has the highest linoleic content.

scholarly journals Automatic Non-destructive Quality Inspection System for Oil Palm Fruits

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Makky ◽  
Peeyush Soni ◽  
Vilas M. Salokhe
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Machine Vision ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Level ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract In this research a non-destructive, rapid and cost effective examination machine for the estimation of the ripeness fraction, oil content and free fatty acid level in oil palm fresh fruits bunch was developed. The automatic machine-vision based inspection system provided consistency, rapid estimation and acceptable accuracy results in non-destructive manner. Fresh fruits bunch samples from Tenera cultivar (7 to 20 years trees) were taken from Cimulang plantation, Bogor, Indonesia. Two statistical analysis methods were used: a forward stepwise multiple linear regression analysis and a multilayer-perceptron artificial neural network analysis. The best prediction of ripeness and oil content models were obtained using the latter method, while the best free fatty acid prediction model was developed by the first method. The models were then employed in the machine-vision inspection systems of the machine. The system best prediction accuracy of ripeness, oil content and free fatty acid models was 93.5, 96.41, and 89.32%, with standard error of prediction being 0.065, 0.044 and 0.068, respectively. The system was tested through a series of field tests, and successfully examined more than 12 t of fruits bunch per hour, without causing damage.

Imaging technique for quantification of oil palm fruit ripeness and oil content

2010 ◽  
Vol 112 (8) ◽  
pp. 838-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yew Ai Tan ◽  
Kum Wan Low ◽  
Chak Khiam Lee ◽  
Kum Sang Low
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Palm Fruit

scholarly journals A RIPENESS STUDY OF OIL PALM FRESH FRUIT AT THE BUNCH DIFFERENT POSITIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Rismen Sinambela
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Central Position ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunch ◽  
Palm Fruit

The paper aims to study the position of the optimum oil palm ripeness at the bunch different positions. This information is essential to complete a measurement procedure to detect oil palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB) maturity so that the detection devices can directly measure the optimal mature position as a representative of the entire FFB characteristics. In this study, the oil palm FFB (Elaeis guineensis Jacq. var. tenera) with the various ripeness stages (4 until 22 weeks after anthesis) were collected and divided from three positions, i.e., proximal, central and distal. Moreover, each fruit in each of these positions was subjected to sample preparation to identify water and oil content. The water and oil content were completed based on the oven test method and the Soxhlet extraction technique, respectively. The optimum ripeness position is determined based on the lowest water content and the highest oil content. Based on the analysis, during the process of oil palm maturation occurs a decrease in water content and an increase in oil content. In addition, the average water content of palm fruit varies greatly depending on its position based on the analysis, i.e., proximal (45.38±5.62%), central (35.30±3.34%) and distal (41.98±2.57%). The average oil content of oil palm fruit in the central position is higher oil content (25.10±1.72%) compared to the proximal (10.00±0.77%) and distal position (13.77±1.22%). We suspect that the chemical content differences of palm fruit in various positions are due to the inequality of the respiration rate and ethylene production throughout FFB. In addition, overall it can be concluded that the fruit in the central FFB position has an optimal ripeness level compared to the proximal and distal position. Thus, the measurement position recommended in evaluating palm maturity is at the central position of FFB.

scholarly journals Simulation and Modeling Application in Agricultural Mechanization

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Hudzari ◽  
M. A. H. A. Ssomad ◽  
R. Syazili ◽  
M. Z. M. Fauzan
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Agricultural Mechanization ◽  
Pixel Value

This experiment was conducted to determine the equations relating the Hue digital values of the fruits surface of the oil palm with maturity stage of the fruit in plantation. The FFB images were zoomed and captured using Nikon digital camera, and the calculation of Hue was determined using the highest frequency of the value forR,G, andBcolor components from histogram analysis software. New procedure in monitoring the image pixel value for oil palm fruit color surface in real-time growth maturity was developed. The estimation of day harvesting prediction was calculated based on developed model of relationships for Hue values with mesocarp oil content. The simulation model is regressed and predicts the day of harvesting or a number of days before harvest of FFB. The result from experimenting on mesocarp oil content can be used for real-time oil content determination of MPOB color meter. The graph to determine the day of harvesting the FFB was presented in this research. The oil was found to start developing in mesocarp fruit at 65 days before fruit at ripe maturity stage of 75% oil to dry mesocarp.

scholarly journals Abscisic Acid Improves Linoleic Acid Accumulation Possibly by Promoting Expression of EgFAD2 and Other Fatty Acid Biosynthesis Genes in Oil Palm Mesocarp

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Shi ◽  
Wei Hua ◽  
Yin Min Htwe ◽  
Dapeng Zhang ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Linoleic Acid Content ◽  
Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Palm Fruit

Abscisic acid plays an important role in fruit development. However, the effect of ABA on fatty acid biosynthesis in oil palm is still unknown. In this study, ABA treatments (CK, A1–A4) were applied to oil palm fruit at 16 WAP (weeks after pollination), and fatty acids in the mesocarp at 24 WAP were analyzed by GC-MS. Results showed that linoleic acid content under treatment A2 (20 μM ABA) was significantly higher (slightly increased by 8.33%) than the control. Therefore, mesocarp samples of A2, and the control at 16, 20, and 24 WAP was sampled for RNA-Seq. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that 43 genes were differentially expressed in the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway, of which expression of EgFAD2 (unigene 105050201) under 20 μM ABA treatment was 1.84-fold higher than in the control at 20 WAP. Further sequence analysis found that unigene 105050201 had more ABA-responsive elements (ABRE), complete conserved domains, and a C-terminal signaling motif among two FAD2 copies. Furthermore, WGCNA and correlation analysis showed co-expression of EgFAD2 (unigene 105050201) with transcription factors (TFs) (WRI1, AP2-EREBP, bZIP, bHLH, C2C2-Dof, MYB, NAC, and WRKY), ABA signaling genes (PYR, PP2C, SnRK, and ABI5), and other genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis (FATA, FATB, LACS, SAD, Oleosins, and so on). These results indicated that ABA treatment promoted the expression of FAD2 and other genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, which possibly resulted in the accumulation of linoleic acid. This study will be helpful for understanding the possible mechanisms through which ABA affects fatty acid biosynthesis and their accumulation in the mesocarp of oil palm.

scholarly journals Cultivar and Seasonal Effects on Seed Oil Content and Fatty acid Composition of Cucumber As a Potential Industrial Crop

2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce W. Ngure ◽  
Chunyan Cheng ◽  
Shuqiong Yang ◽  
Qunfeng Lou ◽  
Ji Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Seed Oil Content ◽  
Wide Range

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) seed oil has the potential for use as an edible oil and as a pharmaceutical, cosmetic, insecticidal, and industrial product. In this study, we investigated, for the first time, the effect of cultivar and season on seed number, oil content, and fatty acid profiles as well as their proportions in different cucumber cultivars. We examined the effects of spring and autumn seasons on seed oil content and fatty acid composition in 46 cucumber cultivars and one wild species of cucumber (C. anguria) grown in greenhouse experiments in 2013 and 2014. Seed oil was determined using the Soxhlet method and fatty acids using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Seed oil content in the cucumber seeds ranged from 41.07% in ‘Hazerd’ to 29.24% in ‘Lubao’ while C. anguria had 23.3%. Fatty acids detected were linoleic (C18:2), palmitic (C16:0), oleic (C18:1), stearic (C18:0), linolenic (C18:3), behenic (C22:0), arachidic C20:0), lignoceric (C24:0), eicosenoic (C20:1), palmitoleic (C16:1), and myristic (C14:0), among other unidentified fatty acids. The results showed significant effects of cultivar genotype, growing season, and interactions on the variables examined. The content of seed oil and fatty acids differed significantly among the cultivar genotypes. Spring-grown cucumbers had higher quantities of oil than the autumn-grown cucumbers. The content of fatty acids (mainly palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, eicosenoic, and lignoceric) also was higher in spring. In autumn there were more seeds, and higher linoleic, linolenic, and other unspecified fatty acids. The higher the oleic acid content the lower was the linoleic acid indicating a strong negative relationship in these two fatty acids. The higher the seed oil content the higher was linoleic and oleic indicating a positive relationship between the seed oil and the two fatty acids. Results of this study provide important information applicable in improving management and production of cucumber seed oil especially considering its versatility in uses. Furthermore, the wide range of fatty acids found in the studied cucumber cultivars could be used in the production of novel industrial oils through genetic engineering.

Genetic insights into fatty acid components of traditional Indian rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces from Chhattisgarh

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parmeshwar K. Sahu ◽  
Suvendu Mondal ◽  
Deepak Sharma ◽  
Richa Sao ◽  
Vikash Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Landraces

Knowledge about the contents and type of fatty acids (FAs) in rice bran is beneficial, particularly from a nutritional and health standpoint. An experiment was conducted to assess the genetic variability and diversity for FA components in 215 rice landraces during kharif 2015 and kharif 2016 by following the RCB design with two replications. Palmitic (C16:0), oleic (C18:1) and linoleic (C18:2) were the major fatty acids ranging from 12.59% to 20.25%, 37.60% to 49.17% and 31.55% to 44.67%, respectively. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences in all the FA components except for linolenic acid. Results showed that environmental factors play a significant impact on the expression of FA contents. Fatty acid components showed intermediate to low genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation, intermediate to high heritability and low to moderate genetic advance as percent of the mean. Oleic acid content was negatively correlated with palmitic acid, stearic acid, and linoleic acid contents. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis discriminated the 215 rice landraces into five main groups with a major contribution of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and palmitic acid contents. Landraces Kadamphool, Ratanchudi and Bathrash possessed the highest amount of oleic acid/linoleic acid ratio. Information generated through this study will be functionally useful in developing rice varieties having high-quality bran oil.

scholarly journals Variability of the total oil content and fatty acid profile of creole avocados from Nuevo Leon, Mexico

2019 ◽  
pp. 705-719
Author(s):  
Efraín Acosta-Díaz ◽  
María Genoveva Álvarez-Ojeda ◽  
Salvador Horacio Guzmán-Maldonado ◽  
Isidro Humberto Almeyda-León
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
The State ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Commercial Variety ◽  
Nuevo Leon ◽  
Nuevo León ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Total Oil

Introduction. The State of Nuevo Leon is considered the depositary of a wide genetic diversity of creole avocados (Persea americana var drimyfolia). Objective. The aim of this work was to determine the variability of the total oil content and the fatty acids profile in creole avocados from Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Materials and methods. During the spring and summer of 2016, 36 varieties of creole avocados were collected in the northern and southern region of the State of Nuevo Leon, Mexico for chemical characterization. The commercial variety “Hass” was included as a control. To determine the variability that exists in the content of total oils and fatty acids in the collected materials, analyzes of the main components and conglomerates were carried out. Results. Six fatty acids were detected in the total oil of the creole avocados: palmitic, stearic, oleic, palmitoleic, linoleic and linolenic. The outstanding varieties were “Platano temprano”, “Platano delgado”, “Huevo de toro”, “Cuerno”, “Pato”, and “Especial”, which presented an average of 17.28, 24.93 and 66.29 % more in the content of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids respectively, and an average of 28.12 % less stearic acid compared to the commercial variety “Hass”. According to the analysis of main components, materials with high oleic acid content usually have low palmitic and palmitoleic acid contents. The dendrogram presented six groups within the evaluated materials, most of the outstanding materials are located in groups one and four. Conclusion. High variability in the content of total oils and fatty acids was determined in creole avocados from Nuevo Leon. Therefore, they are considered promising for their incorporation into genetic improvement programs.

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