scholarly journals Certifying dimension of quantum systems by sequential projective measurements

Quantum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 472
Author(s):  
Adel Sohbi ◽  
Damian Markham ◽  
Jaewan Kim ◽  
Marco Túlio Quintino
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Quantum Systems ◽  
Quantum Dimensions ◽  
First Time ◽  
Projective Measurements ◽  
Very High

This work analyzes correlations arising from quantum systems subject to sequential projective measurements to certify that the system in question has a quantum dimension greater than some d. We refine previous known methods and show that dimension greater than two can be certified in scenarios which are considerably simpler than the ones presented before and, for the first time in this sequential projective scenario, we certify quantum systems with dimension strictly greater than three. We also perform a systematic numerical analysis in terms of robustness and conclude that performing random projective measurements on random pure qutrit states allows a robust certification of quantum dimensions with very high probability.

Costs and Benefits of the Transition to Low-carbon Economyin Russia: Perspectives up to 2050

2014 ◽  
pp. 70-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Bashmakov ◽  
A. Myshak
Keyword(s):  
Emission Reduction ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Emissions Mitigation ◽  
Very High

This paper investigates costs and benefits associated with low-carbon economic development pathways realization to the mid XXI century. 30 scenarios covering practically all “visions of the future” were developed by several research groups based on scenario assumptions agreed upon in advance. It is shown that with a very high probability Russian energy-related GHG emissions will reach the peak before 2050, which will be at least 11% below the 1990 emission level. The height of the peak depends on portfolio of GHG emissions mitigation measures. Efforts to keep 2050 GHG emissions 25-30% below the 1990 level bring no GDP losses. GDP impact of deep GHG emission reduction - by 50% of the 1990 level - varies from plus 4% to minus 9%. Finally, very deep GHG emission reduction - by 80% - may bring GDP losses of over 10%.

The Influence of Isothermal Annealing and Structural Defects on Properties of Amorphous Fe78Si11B11 with High Magnetization Saturation

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 478-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Bloch
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Saturation Magnetization ◽  
Isothermal Annealing ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
High Saturation Magnetization ◽  
Magnetization Curves ◽  
Magnetization Saturation ◽  
Very High

This paper presents the results of numerical analysis of the primary magnetization curves, which were obtained under the assumptions of the theory of approach to ferromagnetic saturation described in by H. Kronm�ller. Test samples of the Fe78Si11B11 alloy were tape-shaped materials, which were subjected to isothermal annealing, not causing their crystallization. The investigated ribbons (tapes) were characterized by a very high saturation magnetization value of approximately 2T, which the thermal treatment has increased by about 10%. It was found that reason for the change of saturation magnetization of the investigated samples was the local rearrangement of atoms due to diffusion processes leading to the release of free volumes to the surface and combining of them into larger unstable defects called pseudodislocational dipoles.

scholarly journals Shell-crossing in a ΛCDM Universe

2020 ◽  
Vol 501 (1) ◽  
pp. L71-L75
Author(s):  
Cornelius Rampf ◽  
Oliver Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Perturbation Theory ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cold Dark Matter ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Random Initial Data ◽  
Recursion Relations ◽  
Indispensable Tool ◽  
First Time ◽  
Very High

ABSTRACT Perturbation theory is an indispensable tool for studying the cosmic large-scale structure, and establishing its limits is therefore of utmost importance. One crucial limitation of perturbation theory is shell-crossing, which is the instance when cold-dark-matter trajectories intersect for the first time. We investigate Lagrangian perturbation theory (LPT) at very high orders in the vicinity of the first shell-crossing for random initial data in a realistic three-dimensional Universe. For this, we have numerically implemented the all-order recursion relations for the matter trajectories, from which the convergence of the LPT series at shell-crossing is established. Convergence studies performed at large orders reveal the nature of the convergence-limiting singularities. These singularities are not the well-known density singularities at shell-crossing but occur at later times when LPT already ceased to provide physically meaningful results.

scholarly journals Equipartition principle for Wigner matrices

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang Bao ◽  
László Erdős ◽  
Kevin Schnelli
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Quantum Systems ◽  
Wigner Matrices ◽  
Very High

Abstract We prove that the energy of any eigenvector of a sum of several independent large Wigner matrices is equally distributed among these matrices with very high precision. This shows a particularly strong microcanonical form of the equipartition principle for quantum systems whose components are modelled by Wigner matrices.

Dose-window dependence on Si crystal orientation in separation by implanted oxygen substrate formation

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 3607-3613 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Iikawa ◽  
M. Nakao ◽  
K. Izumi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Crystal Orientation ◽  
Oxygen Ion ◽  
The Difference ◽  
First Time ◽  
Good Agreement

Separation by implemented oxygen (SIMOX)(111) substrates have been formed by oxygen-ion (16O+) implantation into Si(111), showing that a so-called “dose-window” at 16O+-implantation into Si differs from Si(100) to Si(111). In SIMOX(100), an oxygen dose of 4 × 1017/cm2 into Si(100) is widely recognized as the dose-window when the acceleration energy is 180 keV. For the first time, our work shows that an oxygen dose of 5 × 1017/cm2 into Si(111) is the dose-window for the formation of SIMOX(111) substrates when the acceleration energy is 180 keV. The difference between dose-windows is caused by anisotropy of the crystal orientation during growth of the faceted buried SiO2. We also numerically analyzed the data at different oxidation velocities for each facet of the polyhedral SiO2 islands. Numerical analysis results show good agreement with the experimental data.

General method for cloning Neurospora crassa nuclear genes by complementation of mutants

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 2272-2278
Author(s):  
R A Akins ◽  
A M Lambowitz
Keyword(s):  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Genomic Library ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Nuclear Genes ◽  
Shuttle Vectors ◽  
Sib Selection ◽  
First Time ◽  
Very High ◽  
Restriction Site Polymorphisms ◽  
General Method

We have developed a sib selection procedure for cloning Neurospora crassa nuclear genes by complementation of mutants. This procedure takes advantage of a modified N. crassa transformation procedure that gives as many as 10,000 to 50,000 stable transformants per microgram of DNA with recombinant plasmids containing the N. crassa qa-2+ gene. Here, we describe the use of the sib selection procedure to clone genes corresponding to auxotrophic mutants, nic-1 and inl. The identities of the putative clones were confirmed by mapping their chromosomal locations in standard genetic crosses and using restriction site polymorphisms as genetic markers. Because we can obtain very high N. crassa transformation frequencies, cloning can be accomplished with as few as five subdivisions of an N. crassa genomic library. The sib selection procedure should, for the first time, permit the cloning of any gene corresponding to an N. crassa mutant for which an appropriate selection can be devised. Analogous procedures may be applicable to other filamentous fungi before the development of operational shuttle vectors.

scholarly journals Visible AO Observations at Halpha for Accreting Young Planets

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (S299) ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
L.M. Close ◽  
K. Follette ◽  
J.R. Males ◽  
K. Morzinski ◽  
T.J. Rodigas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Optics ◽  
Binary Stars ◽  
Optical Resolution ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Short Exposure ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Orion Trapezium ◽  
First Time ◽  
Adaptive Optics System ◽  
Very High

AbstractWe utilized the new high-order (250-378 mode) Magellan Adaptive Optics system (MagAO) to obtain very high-resolution science in the visible with MagAO's VisAO CCD camera. In the good-median seeing conditions of Magellan (0.5–0.7″) we find MagAO delivers individual short exposure images as good as 19 mas optical resolution. Due to telescope vibrations, long exposure (60s) r' (0.63μm) images are slightly coarser at FWHM = 23-29 mas (Strehl ~ 28%) with bright (R < 9 mag) guide stars. These are the highest resolution filled-aperture images published to date. Images of the young (~ 1 Myr) Orion Trapezium θ1 Ori A, B, and C cluster members were obtained with VisAO. In particular, the 32 mas binary θ1 Ori C1C2 was easily resolved in non-interferometric images for the first time. Relative positions of the bright trapezium binary stars were measured with ~ 0.6–5 mas accuracy. In the second commissioning run we were able to correct 378 modes and achieved good contrasts (Strehl>20% on young transition disks at Hα). We discuss the contrasts achieved at Hα and the possibility of detecting low mass (~ 1–5 Mjup) planets (past 5AU) with our new SAPPHIRES survey with MagAO at Hα.

scholarly journals Gold in Irish Coal: Palaeo-Concentration from Metalliferous Groundwaters

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 635
Author(s):  
Liam A. Bullock ◽  
John Parnell ◽  
Joseph G.T. Armstrong ◽  
Magali Perez ◽  
Sam Spinks
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Selenium Content ◽  
Foreland Basins ◽  
High Heat Flow ◽  
South Wales ◽  
First Time ◽  
Very High

Gold grains, up to 40 μm in size and containing variable percentages of admixed platinum, have been identified in coals from the Leinster Coalfield, Castlecomer, SE Ireland, for the first time. Gold mineralisation occurs in sideritic nodules in coals and in association with pyrite and anomalous selenium content. Mineralisation here may have reflected very high heat flow in foreland basins north of the emerging Variscan orogenic front, responsible for gold occurrence in the South Wales Coalfield. At Castlecomer, gold (–platinum) is attributed to precipitation with replacive pyrite and selenium from groundwaters at redox interfaces, such as siderite nodules. Pyrite in the cores of the nodules indicates fluid ingress. The underlying Caledonian basement bedrock is mineralised by gold, and thus likely provided a source for gold. The combination of the gold occurrences in coal in Castlecomer and in South Wales, proximal to the Variscan orogenic front, suggests that these coals along the front could comprise an exploration target for low-temperature concentrations of precious metals.

scholarly journals First evaluation of coral recruitment in Madagascar

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-62
Author(s):  
Gildas G.B. Todinanahary ◽  
Nomeniarivelo Hasintantely ◽  
Igor Eeckhaut ◽  
Thierry Lavitra
Keyword(s):  
Larval Density ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Recruitment Rate ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Coral Recruitment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Southwest Region ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time ◽  
Very High

The distribution of larvae and recruitment of scleractinians in the southwest region of Madagascar were evaluated for the first time between October 2013 and September 2014 at 3 sites. The presence of coral larvae (planulae) was monitored through weekly sampling using a plankton net and the recruitment rate evaluated by monthly sampling of the newly settled corals (<1 year stage) on recruitment tiles and by a monitoring of the recruitment of juveniles (1< Juveniles < 2 years) using the quadrat method. Planulae were present in the plankton for 9 months during the survey. The recorded mean annual density of planula varied from 0.43 ± 0.41 larvae m-3 to 3.23 ± 5.72 larvae m-3 depending on site, with a peak in larval density towards the end of November and the beginning of December. The variability in the occurrence of planula is very high and implied that the density observed in the year does not present a significant difference between the sites (pKW=0.33). The average density of total recruits was 620.13 ± 621.30 recruits m-2, 40.28 ± 50.97 recruits m-2 and 36.34 ± 33.82 recruits m-2, respectively at the sites of Nosy Tafara, Grande Vasque and Rose Garden. Seasonal distribution of coral recruitment was different between the sites. The mean annual density of newly settled recruits (< 1 month stage) was significantly higher at Nosy Tafara with 94.91±101.08 recruits m-2 compared to Grande Vasque and Rose Garden with 18.75±34.32 recruits m-2 and 11.57±18.47 recruits m-2 (pKW<0.001), respectively. The highest density of newly settled recruits was observed between October to December. Higher density of recruits was also observed in March at Nosy Tafara and in May at all three sites. Results of juvenile monitoring showed high rates (> 10 juveniles m-2) compared to other regions and the threshold, but it revealed high mortality among recruits. Coral recruitment in the southwest region of Madagascar was found to be high and could result in increased resilience of the coral reef assemblages.

scholarly journals Antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children: how to identify, what to do and how to treat?

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-89
Author(s):  
I. N. Zakharova ◽  
I. V. Berezhnaya ◽  
E. B. Mumladze
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Pseudomembranous Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Pediatric Practice ◽  
Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Very High

Rational antibiotic therapy is one of the most important components in the treatment of children with various infectious and inflammatory diseases. However, wide and sometimes unjustified use of AB in pediatric practice often leads to the development of a variety of complications. Children receiveing AB, especially during the first 5 years of life, are at a very high risk of developing antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) which manifests itself in three or more episodes of unformed stools for two or more consecutive days or for 8 weeks after withdrawal. The most relevant pathogen of AAD is C. difficile which, according to various data, causes from 10 to 25% of AAD cases and 90 to 100% of all cases of pseudomembranous colitis (PMC). Given the high probability of developing dangerous complications such as PMC, special attention should be paid to the prevention of the infection associated with C. difficile by reducing the frequency of uncontrolled and unjustified use of AB. A new generation of eco-antibiotics can be recommended which allow to maintain diversity of the intestinal microbiota and are less likely to cause complications.

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