scholarly journals FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF THE MYOCARDIUM AMONG FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS OF DIFFERENT ETHNIC GROUPS WITH REGARD TO THE TYPE OF AUTONOMIC REGULATION OF THE CARDIAC RHYTHM

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
M. J.I. Al-Shammari ◽  
T. A. Pogrebnyak ◽  
S. D. Chernyavskikh ◽  
I. I. Gorbunova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
African Students ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Autonomous Regulation ◽  
Functional Features

The analysis of the dynamics of heart rate and blood pressure components in students of five ethnic groups - Arabic, Indian, African, Latin American and Russian, taking into account the most characteristic types of autonomous regulation of heart rate (HR) with the third moderate predominance of autonomous regulation (MPAR) and the fourth - a pronounced predominance of autonomous regulation (PPAR) HR. A mediocre level of fitness of the cardiovascular system among students: Russian and Arab with MPAR HR at both stages; Indian and Latin American with MPAR and PPAR HR types of regulation of heart rhythm at the 1st stage; African with MPAR HR on the 2nd stage. The rest of the students - a good level of fitness. High vs. normal values of systolic pressure indicate a maladaptive state of groups of Arab and African students at both stages, Indian with the MPAR HR at the second stage. Increased pulse pressure (PP) in Russian students at the second stage with the PPAR HR, among Arabic, Latin American, African students at both stages, notes a decrease in their myocardial functionality against the background of diastolic fatigue and disadaptation to conditions of relative physiological rest. Under conditions of relative physiological rest, the high anti-normal values of systolic blood pressure (SBP) indicated the maladaptive state of groups of Arab and African students at both stages, Indian with MPAR at the 2nd stage. High PD in all subgroups of Arab, African and Latin American students at the 2nd stage with PPAR and at the rest of the groups with MPAR and PPAR HR are objective indicators of myocardial diastolic fatigue, reduction of its functional capabilities and manifestation of maladaptation in conditions of relative physiological rest.

scholarly journals Hypertension in Prenatally Undernourished Young-Adult Rats Is Maintained by Tonic Reciprocal Paraventricular–Coerulear Excitatory Interactions

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3568
Author(s):  
Bernardita Cayupe ◽  
Carlos Morgan ◽  
Gustavo Puentes ◽  
Luis Valladares ◽  
Héctor Burgos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Excitatory Pathways ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Prenatal Undernutrition ◽  
Number Of Cells

Prenatally malnourished rats develop hypertension in adulthood, in part through increased α1-adrenoceptor-mediated outflow from the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) to the sympathetic system. We studied whether both α1-adrenoceptor-mediated noradrenergic excitatory pathways from the locus coeruleus (LC) to the PVN and their reciprocal excitatory CRFergic connections contribute to prenatal undernutrition-induced hypertension. For that purpose, we microinjected either α1-adrenoceptor or CRH receptor agonists and/or antagonists in the PVN or the LC, respectively. We also determined the α1-adrenoceptor density in whole hypothalamus and the expression levels of α1A-adrenoceptor mRNA in the PVN. The results showed that: (i) agonists microinjection increased systolic blood pressure and heart rate in normotensive eutrophic rats, but not in prenatally malnourished subjects; (ii) antagonists microinjection reduced hypertension and tachycardia in undernourished rats, but not in eutrophic controls; (iii) in undernourished animals, antagonist administration to one nuclei allowed the agonists recover full efficacy in the complementary nucleus, inducing hypertension and tachycardia; (iv) early undernutrition did not modify the number of α1-adrenoceptor binding sites in hypothalamus, but reduced the number of cells expressing α1A-adrenoceptor mRNA in the PVN. These results support the hypothesis that systolic pressure and heart rate are increased by tonic reciprocal paraventricular–coerulear excitatory interactions in prenatally undernourished young-adult rats.

Abstract 13421: Ventricular and Arterial Elastance During Isometric Handgrip Exercise and Post-exercise Circulatory Arrest in Heart Failure With and Without Preserved Ejection Fraction

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Fujimoto ◽  
Keishi Moriwaki ◽  
Issei Kameda ◽  
Masaki Ishiyama ◽  
Taku Omori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Circulatory Arrest ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Arterial Elastance ◽  
Post Exercise

Introduction: Isometric handgrip (IHG) training at 30% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) lowers blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Impacts of IHG exercise and post-exercise circulatory arrest (PECA), which isolates metaboreflex control, have been unclear in heart failure (HF). Purpose: To investigate the impacts of IHG exercise and PECA on ventricular-arterial stiffness and left ventricular (LV) relaxation in HF with preserved (HFpEF) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methods: We invasively obtained LV pressure-volume (PV) loops in 20 patients (10 HFpEF, 10 HFrEF) using conductance catheter with microtip-manometer during 3 minutes of IHG at 30%MVC and 3 minutes of PECA. Hemodynamics and LV-arterial function including LV end-systolic elastance (Ees) by the single-beat method, effective arterial elastance (Ea), and time constant of LV relaxation (Tau) were evaluated every minute. Results: At rest, HFpEF had higher LV end-systolic pressure (ESP) and lower heart rate than HFrEF with similar LV end-diastolic pressure (EDP). The coupling ratio (Ees/Ea) was greater in HFpEF than HFrEF (1.0±0.3 vs. 0.6±0.3, p<0.01). IHG for 3minutes similarly increased heart rate in HFpEF (by 10±8 bpm) and HFrEF (by 14±6 bpm). IHG also increased end-diastolic and LVESP (134±21 vs. 158±30 mmHg and 113±25 vs. 139±25 mmHg) in both groups (groupхtime effect p≥0.25). In HFpEF, Ees, Ea and Ees/Ea (1.0±0.3 vs. 1.1±0.4) were unaffected during IHG. In HFrEF, IHG induced variable increases in Ea. LV end-systolic volume and the ESPV volume-axis intercept were larger, and Ees at IHG 3 rd min was greater (1.30±0.7 vs. 3.1±2.1 mmHg/ml, p<0.01) than baseline, resulting in unchanged Ees/Ea at IHG 3 rd min (0.6±0.3 vs. 0.8±0.4, p≥0.37). Tau was prolonged only in HFrEF during IHG and was returned to the baseline value during PECA. During the first 2 minutes of PECA, LVESP was lower than that at IHG 3 rd min only in HFpEF, suggesting less metaboreflex control of blood pressure in HFpEF during IHG. Conclusions: IHG exercise at 30%MVC induced modest increases in LV end-systolic and end-diastolic pressures in HFpEF and HFrEF. Although the prolongation of LV relaxation was observed only in HFrEF, the ventricular and arterial coupling was maintained throughout the IHG exercise in both groups.

Alcohol: Effect on Blood Pressure and Predisposition to Hypertension

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (s7) ◽  
pp. 373s-375s ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Arkwright ◽  
L. J. Beilin ◽  
I. Rouse ◽  
B. K. Armstrong ◽  
R. Vandongen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Threshold Effect ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Government Employees ◽  
Weekly Alcohol Consumption

1. The association between alcohol consumption and blood pressure was studied in 491 Government employees. The men, aged 21–45 years, volunteered to complete a health questionnaire and submitted to standardized measurements of blood pressure, heart rate and body size. 2. Average weekly alcohol consumption correlated with systolic pressure (r = 0.18, P &lt; 0.001) but not with diastolic pressure. Systolic pressure increased progressively with increasing alcohol consumption with no obvious threshold effect. The effect of alcohol was independent of age, obesity (Quetelet's index) or cigarette smoking. 3. Results indicate that alcohol ranks close to obesity as a preventable cause of essential hypertension in the community.

scholarly journals Etorphine-halothane anaesthesia in two five-year-old African elephants (Loxodonta africana) : clinical communication

1999 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.F. Stegmann
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Loxodonta Africana ◽  
African Elephants ◽  
Clinical Communication ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Heart Rate

Anaesthesia of 2 five-year-old femaleAfrican elephants (Loxodonta africana) was required for dental surgery. The animals were each premedicated with 120 mg of azaperone 60 min before transportation to the hospital. Before offloading, 1 mg etorphine was administered intramuscularly (i.m.) to each elephant to facilitate walking them to the equine induction / recovery room. For induction, 2 mg etorphine was administered i.m. to each animal. Induction was complete within 6 min. Surgical anaesthesia was induced with halothane-in-oxygen after intubation of the trunk. During surgery the mean heart rate was 61 and 45 beats / min respectively. Systolic blood pressures increased to 27.5 and 25.6 kPa respectively, and were treated with intravenous azaperone. Blood pressure decreased thereafter to a mean systolic pressure of 18.1 and 19.8 kPa, respectively. Rectal temperature was 35.6 and 33.9 oC at the onset of surgery, and decreased to 35.3 and 33.5 oC, respectively, at the end of anaesthesia. Etorphine anaesthesia was reversed with 5mg diprenorphine at the completion of 90 min of surgery.

Acute Intraarterial Blood Pressure Response to Bench Press Weight Lifting in Children

1990 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. Nau ◽  
Victor L. Katch ◽  
Robert H. Beekman ◽  
Macdonald Dick
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Weight Lifting ◽  
Peak Heart Rate ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Peak Pressures

Intraarterial blood pressure (BP) response to bench press weight lifting (WL) was evaluated in 11 children. Aortic systolic and diastolic pressures and heart rate (HR) were measured during WL. Baseline systolic and diastolic pressures were 120 and 81 mmHg, and HR was 86 bpm. Subjects lifted to voluntary fatigue weights equaling 60, 75, 90, and 100% of their predetermined one-repetition maximum (1RM). For each weight lifting condition, BP and HR increased as more repetitions were completed. Peak systolic pressure was 168, 177, 166, and 162 mmHg, peak diastolic pressure was 125, 139, 133, and 130 mmHg, and peak heart rate was 142, 148, 142, and 139 bpm at 60, 75, 90, and 100% 1RM, respectively. Peak BP and HR were greater during WL than rest but did not differ between conditions. The relative BP response to WL in children was similar to adult values. For all conditions, pressures increased as more repetitions were completed. It was concluded that peak pressures occur at voluntary fatigue, independent of the combination of resistance and repetitions used to achieve fatigue.

scholarly journals CARDIAC FUNCTION OF BASKETBALL PLAYERS UNDER STRESS TRAINING

2022 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Keyin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Cardiac Response ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Athletic Ability

ABSTRACT Introduction: Basketball can enhance the physical fitness of young people, promote the growth and development of their bodies, and improve health and athletic ability. Objective: To explore the characteristics of basketball players’ cardiac response to increasing load training. Methods: By analyzing 12 juvenile male amateur basketball training athletes, when performing incremental load exercises on the treadmill, using a 12-lead electrocardiograph to record the electrocardiogram, HR, and blood pressure responses for each level of exercise. Results: The mean heart rate of the basketball players before movement was 82.45± 11.44 bpm, slightly higher than the heart rate at rest. Depending on the exercise load, the blood pressure should increase by 5 to 12 mmHg. Under different load training conditions, each level of blood pressure in the Bruce treadmill test procedure should increase 12.5 ~ 44mmHg. The basketball player’s systolic pressure increased by 2.25 ~ 15.7mmHg, diastolic pressure increased by 0.43 to 11.37 mmHg. Conclusions: In basketball players, the psychological stress is less than that of the average person performing the same exercise. The strong ability to adapt to exercise under incremental load training, the contractility of the ventricular muscles and the development of the heart are good. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

scholarly journals Potensi Madu sebagai Penurun Tekanan Darah dan Kolestrol

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Mitha Fransiska ◽  
Jaka Fadraersada ◽  
Fajar Prasetya
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

Hypertension is an increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure more than 140/90 mmHg. Honey has the potential to reduce blood pressure because it has 200 chemical substances. This study aims to ford the effectiveness of giving honey to reduce blood pressure and cholesterol levels in hypertensive patients, as well as knowing the content of secondary metabolites found in honey. The research method used was semi quantitative with pre and post procedurs. Honey contains secondary metabolites of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The results of the analysis of honey give a significant decrease in systolic pressure, diastole, heart rate and cholesterol levels. Consumption honey regularly effectively reduces blood pressure in hypertensive patients.

Development of the Sex Difference in Blood Pressure of the Chick

1957 ◽  
Vol 188 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold S. Weiss ◽  
Robert K. Ringer ◽  
Paul D. Sturkie
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
White Leghorn Chicken

In order to establish the age and manner in which the sex difference in blood pressure of the adult white leghorn chicken develops, periodical blood pressure measurements were made on chicks between 3 and 34 weeks of age. There were no consistent differences in pressure between the sexes under 8 weeks of age. Between the 8th and 13th weeks, pressures began to diverge, and within 4–8 weeks a 26–30-mm sex difference in systolic pressure developed. Significant divergences occurred also in diastolic and pulse pressure. The sex divergence was due primarily to a rise in male pressure, the female level remaining comparatively stable. Net changes in male parameters during the period of rapid development of the sex difference in pressure were: body weight + 219 gm, systolic pressure + 26 mm, diastolic pressure + 16 mm and heart rate –22/ min. The age at which the sex difference in pressure begins and its rate of development appear to be related to sexual maturation in the male. However, no significant correlation between the rising male pressure and testes or comb size could be shown. Normal chick blood pressure values prior to the sex divergence differ within strains of white leghorns and for the two groups used here, between 7 and 9 weeks of age, were 150/130 and 162/136 mm Hg.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Nitrates on Systemic and Cerebrovascular Hemodynamics

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vernon Bond ◽  
Bryan H. Curry ◽  
Richard G. Adams ◽  
M. Sadegh Asadi ◽  
Richard M. Millis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Beetroot Juice ◽  
Cerebrovascular Resistance ◽  
Healthy Females ◽  
Cerebrovascular Hemodynamics

Cerebral blood flow dysregulation is often associated with hypertension. We hypothesized that a beetroot juice (BRJ) treatment could decrease blood pressure and cerebrovascular resistance (CVR). We subjected 12 healthy females to control and BRJ treatments. Cerebrovascular resistance index (CVRI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), total vascular resistance (TVR), and the heart rate-systolic pressure product (RPP) measured at rest and at two exercise workloads were lower after the BRJ treatment. CVRI, SBP, and RPP were lower without a lower TVR at the highest exercise level. These findings suggest improved systemic and cerebral hemodynamics that could translate into a dietary treatment for hypertension.

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