scholarly journals Analysis of changes in biological diversity within the boundaries of the nature monument “Serebryany Bor” on the example of rare and protected animal species

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Anna A. Sorokina ◽  
Valentina M. Zubkova

The data on the analysis of changes in the number of rare species of birds, mammals and reptiles living within the boundaries of the specially protected natural territory - the natural monument Serebryany Bor for 2018-2020 is presented. The research used the method of visual accounting, winter route accounting, the method of route accounting of birds by E.S. Ravkin. As a result, rare species of animals listed in the Red Book were found, which indicates the biological diversity of the studied territory and justifies the need to use environmental measures within its borders to preserve rare species in the future.

Author(s):  
A A Sorokina ◽  
V M Zubkova ◽  
A V Gaponenko ◽  
N U Belozubova ◽  
M V Soshenko ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1455-1466
Author(s):  
Hristina Oreshkova

Over the most recent decades corporate reporting has proved to be essential to achieving the strategic goals of humankinds and the ever-increasing necessity of truthful information and transparency. Corporate reporting is a socially significant process and practice. The quality of corporate reporting reflects the degree of relevance of the manner enterprises and businesses communicate with the surrounding world and environment (natural or industrial) and millions of people concerned – societies, present and future generations, employees, workers, and many other people, and other living beings. On most authoritative international scientific forums – symposia, conferences, congresses, assemblies, summit meetings and events, conducted in Europe and worldwide, it is pompously declared that corporate reporting should provide useful and reliable information both financial and non-financial one. The responsibilities of accountability and stewardship seem out to be of great importance to the fulfillment of the strategic goals of our centuries.The belief of the author is that the simultaneous analysis of the global problems challenging humankinds such as climate changes, destruction of biological diversity on the Planet, the matter of the necessity of actions of creating Green Ethics and Green Economy worldwide, the increasing need for combined and well-coordinated efforts in the combat supporting the eradication of poverty globally, and the relevance of corporate reporting to solving these unique problems the mankind is facing, would highlight and confirm their intricate interrelation (the key aim of the present research), consequently rendering the debate on the future of corporate reporting more meaningful and constructive. The debate would most probably promote the standpoint we personally maintain, which is also endorsed by an increasing number of supporters in Europe and around the world, implying in particular that apart from a process of unification and reduction of essential differences in the international financial reporting, what is also necessary is the radical change in the philosophy and culture of corporate reporting and presentation. Undeniably, it includes revealing of the financial state and the substantial effects and impacts of the businesses operating activities in a straightforward manner, as complete insights and understanding of the broader and far-reaching goals to which the corporate reporting must be subordinated – at present and in the long-lasting future.


2004 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 446-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruyo Oba

Developments in electronics and computer science have led to the introduction of an automated bioacoustic identification device used to resolve commonly encountered problems in the identification of animal species in the field. This technology aids our auditory observations, and also improves the quality of biological surveys and environmental monitoring. In this paper the future roles and possibilities of bioacoustics are discussed, providing some examples from the realm of environmental education and monitoring that focus on the use of nature sounds.


1994 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-474
Author(s):  
Max W. McFadden ◽  
J. Kathy Parker

AbstractThe issue of biodiversity is examined from the viewpoint of human values and three questions are posed: What kinds of human values affect biological diversity? Why do humans think about the loss and conservation of biological diversity? Does it really matter? The conclusion is that human values are contributing to the loss of biological diversity and could lead to massive extinctions in the future just as major natural events did in the past. However, as it did in the past, evolution will continue, so will speciation, and so will biological diversity.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Igor V. Irkhin ◽  

The article reviews the issues related to the determination of the legal position of the future generations of the humanity in the constitutional law regulation system based on the methodological framework of the theory of law, international law, constitutional law. The author emphasizes that the regulation is usually carried out from the perspective of general approaches to human rights and in a narrower scope of the issues of environmental protection, financial burden imposed on the future generations of the humanity. Special attention is paid to legislative approaches applied in the Russian Federation (including on the level of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, municipal structures) in respect of the future generations of the humanity. It is stated that the regulation is performed in the matters of ecology, biological diversity, culture, architecture, urban development, economics, social sphere, healthcare, archiving. The future generations of the humanity are mostly understood as non-born citizens (residents) of our country.


2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Andrey Yurkov ◽  
Alexey Kryukov ◽  
Yulia Mikhaylova ◽  
Peter Zhurbenko

The aim of the study was to investigate the species diversity of AM fungi in different parts of the North Caucasus, biodiversity hotspot, the center of the world’s biological diversity. Samples were taken from 5 locations (stationary trial plots, STPs) in different ecosystems and at various altitudes. Identification was performed using sequencing for ITS1 and ITS2 regions, amplified with universal primers, Illumina MiSeq was employed. 19 genera of AM fungi were found on all STPs. The work did not reveal a correlation between the altitude and the species composition of AM fungi. At the same time, it should be assumed that a correlation could be found between the biodiversity of AM fungi and the type of ecosystem, which should be done in the future. The study shows it is necessary to use an analysis for both ITS regions, since the data obtained for each ITS region differ and complement each other. Analysis for the ITS2 region revealed 1.3 times more virtual taxa than for the ITS1, while the number of OTUs identified per species was similar for both regions. The highest biodiversity of AM fungi was found in STP #3 (with meadow flora). Only 4 species (Rhizophagus irregularis, R. intraradices, Paraglomus laccatum, and Claroideoglomus claroideum) were found on all five analyzed STPs. We found unexpectedly that with such a high biodiversity among the identified fungi, no different species were found in the Paraglomus genus, all the sequences of Paraglomus belonged to Paraglomus laccatum, whereas at least 9 species are distinguished in the genus by morphology. Further research will allow us to identify new strains of AM fungi, the efficiency of which may be higher than already studied ones. In the future this will make it possible to create more effective microbial biofertilizers for agriculture.


2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyan Su ◽  
Dandan Ding ◽  
Mengjie Yao ◽  
Lan Wu ◽  
Gangqiang Dong ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The dry body of the Tokay Gecko (Gekko gecko) is the source of a valuable traditional Chinese medicine, it is therefore listed as a Class II protected animal species in China. Due to increasing market demand and a declining supply of the species, a considerable number of adulterants have emerged in the market. Thus, it is necessary to establish an accurate and rapid method of identification for distinguishing G. gecko from its adulterants and for separating it from highly processed products. Methods A total of 274 COI sequences were analyzed by using MEGA 5.0 software. Several specific primers were designed to amplify mini-barcode regions and identify G. gecko from its counterfeits and products. Results 274 COI sequences of G. gecko and 15 adulterants species were analyzed. G. gecko could be distinguished from its adulterants through BLAST analysis, intra- and inter-specific distance analyses, and an NJ tree based on COI sequences. Two pairs of specific primers designed for this study, COISF2/COISR2 and COISF3/COISR3, amplified 200- and 133-bp fragments of the COI region, respectively, both of which were suitable for the identification of G. gecko and its adulterants. Furthermore, COISF3/COISR3 detected G. gecko in 15 batches of products. Conclusion Therefore, the specific DNA mini-barcoding method developed here may be a powerful tool for the identification of G. gecko and counterfeits, and may also be used to distinguish G. gecko from its highly processed by-products.


Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1112
Author(s):  
Thomas Dirnböck ◽  
Heike Brielmann ◽  
Ika Djukic ◽  
Sarah Geiger ◽  
Andreas Hartmann ◽  
...  

Excess nitrogen (N) deposition and gaseous N emissions from industrial, domestic, and agricultural sources have led to increased nitrate leaching, the loss of biological diversity, and has affected carbon (C) sequestration in forest ecosystems. Nitrate leaching affects the purity of karst water resources, which contribute around 50% to Austria’s drinking water supply. Here we present an evaluation of the drivers of dissolved inorganic N (DIN) concentrations and fluxes from a karst catchment in the Austrian Alps (LTER Zöbelboden) from 27 years of records. In addition, a hydrological model was used together with climatic scenario data to predict expected future runoff dynamics. The study area was exposed to increasing N deposition during the 20th century (up to 30 to 35 kg N ha−1 y−1), which are still at levels of 25.5 ± 3.6 and 19.9 ± 4.2 kg N ha−1 y−1 in the spruce and the mixed deciduous forests, respectively. Albeit N deposition was close to or exceeded critical loads for several decades, 70–83% of the inorganic N retained in the catchment from 2000 to 2018, and NO3- concentrations in the runoff stayed <10 mg L−1 unless high-flow events occurred or forest stand-replacing disturbances. We identified tree growth as the main sink for inorganic N, which might together with lower runoff, increase retention of only weakly decreasing N deposition in the future. However, since recurring forest stand-replacement is predicted in the future as a result of a combination of climatically driven disturbance agents, pulses of elevated nitrate concentrations in the catchment runoff will likely add to groundwater pollution.


1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 417 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Gilfedder ◽  
JB Kirkpatrick

A population of an endangered daisy, Leucochrysum albicans (syn. Helipterum albicans), was monitored monthly in grazed and ungrazed plots for several years in a paddock near Ross, Tasmania. The population declined dramatically during the extremely dry summer of 1987, and also experienced high mortality in the dry summer of 1988. Adult plants and germinates were more abundant in grazed than in ungrazed plots for most of the period after this decline. The development of axillary branches on adult plants was much more prominent outside than inside the exclosures. Seedling establishment preferentially occurred on ground dominated by herbs, with establishment being low and extremely brief on grass-covered ground. The frequently disturbed margins of the exclosures were the most favourable sites for establishment of new individuals. The future of this unpalatable rare species seems to be dependent upon management that maintains open and, preferably, disturbed ground.


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