scholarly journals Efektivitas Penggunaan Aluminium Sulfat Dalam Menurunkan Kadar TSS (Total Suspended Solid) Air Limbah Penambangan Batu Bara Di PT.X

Elkawnie ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliansyah Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Run Off

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada PT. X yang bergerak pada bidang industri pertambangan dan penjualan batubara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses pengolahan air limbah, dosis dan efektivitas penggunaan Alumunium Sulfat untuk menurunkan kadar Total Suspended Solid (TSS) serta biaya yang harus dikeluarkan perusahaan dari penggunaan Alumunium Sulfat pada pengolahan air limbah tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei, dan pendekatan yang dilakukan dalam menganalisa data-data yang didapatkan adalah dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif-kualitatif. Selain hasil pengukuran dan pengamatan dilapangan, data primer lainnya didapatkan dengan melakukan wawancara secara mendalam(indepth interview) pada responden yang dinilai dapat menjadi sumber informasi yang baik. Hasil dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa sumber air limbah penambangan batu bara merupakan run-off di areal Pit B yang berasal dari mata air yang berada di sekeliling dinding Pit B (area tambang) dan air limpasan hujan yang bercampur dengan lapisan over burden (OB) pada saat dilakukan kegiatan penambangan batu bara. Pengolahan air limbah kegiatan penambangan batu bara yang ditujukan untuk mengurangi kadar TSS pada air limbah tambang, dilakukan dengan teknologi pengolahan aktif. Efektivitas penggunaan Aluminium Sulfat (tawas) untuk menurunkan kadar konsentrasi parameter TSS dengan dosis yang telah ditentukan PT. X adalah sebesar 86,74 %.

scholarly journals PENGELOLAAN AIR DALAM MENUNJANG KEGIATAN PENCUCIAN PADA PROSES PENAMBANGAN BAUKSIT

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 739-750
Author(s):  
Kusmanto Kusmanto ◽  
Ahmad Fauzi Fauzi ◽  
Gembong S Wibowo ◽  
Bayu Aji
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Bauxite Mining ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Washing Process ◽  
Mine Openings

ABSTRAK Dalam melaksanakan kegiatan ekspor bauksit, sesuai Permen ESDM nomor 25 tahun 2018, perusahaan tambang diwajibkan untuk melakukan peningkatan kadar bauksit yang akan dijual melalui proses pencucian. Untuk mendukung hal tersebut, dibangun washing plant, sebagai sarana proses pencucian, dan sedimen pond, sebagai sarana sumber air serta pengelolaan limbah. Secara umum, proses pengelolaan air berawal dari run off pada bukaan tambang, yang dikelola dengan membuat kolam pengendapan di area tambang. kemudian untuk mendukung proses pencucian, dibangun sedimen pond sebagai sarana tempat penampungan limbah hasil pencucian dan pengelolaan air limbah sehingga dapat digunakan kembali untuk proses pencucian bauksit di washing plant. Alur proses pencucian berawal dari air pada kolam dipompakan ke washing plant, limbah hasil pencucian dialirkan ke kolam sedimen, kemudian dilakukan proses daur ulang melalui sirkulasi tertutup dengan dialirkannya kembali air tersebut ke kolam pompa untuk digunakan pada proses pencucian. Pada musim hujan, apabila terdapat penambahan air dari run off, sebagian air dialirkan ke badan air atau lingkungan untuk menjaga kapasitas tampung dari kolam sedimen. Dikarenakan adanya aliran air ke lingkungan, maka Tambang Bauksit Tayan wajib memenuhi persyaratan pada Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup nomor 34 tahun 2009 tentang Baku Mutu Limbah Air Kegiatan Pertambangan Bauksit. Berdasarkan peraturan tersebut, Tambang Bauksit Tayan wajib memenuhi kadar baku mutu pH di rentang 6-9 dan maksimum kadar Total Suspended Solid (TSS) 200 mg/l.  Maka dari itu, sebelum dialirkan ke kolam pompa, dilakukan penambahan flokulan untuk menjaga kadar TSS air tidak melebihi baku mutu sehingga diperbolehkan untuk dialirkan ke lingkungan dan mengondisikan air tetap jernih untuk menunjang proses pencucian. Untuk mengetahui flokulan dengan kinerja paling optimal, dilakukan jar test dengan beberapa jenis flokulan untuk mengetahui perbandingan biaya terhadap efektivitas proses yang dihasilkan. Dari percobaan yang dilakukan, seluruh flokulan efektif dan diperoleh efisiensi proses tertinggi dari flokulan sebesar 99% untuk konsentrasi flokulan uji 5 ppm. Kemudian flokulan tersebut digunakan sebagai bahan penjernih air pada water treatment plant untuk mengelola air limbah pencucian bauksit agar sesuai dengan standar parameter yang tertera pada regulasi yang ada. Dengan dilaksanakannya proses pengelolaan run off pada bukaan tambang, pengelolaan sedimen pond, dan pemenuhan aspek kepatuhan regulasi, kegiatan penambangan bauksit, khususnya pada tahapan pencucian di washing plant dapat dilaksanakan secara optimal sehingga dapat mendukung proses produksi untuk mencapai target yang telah ditetapkan. Kata Kunci : Run Off, Pencucian Bauksit, Sedimen Pond, Total Suspended Solid, Flokulan  ABSTRACT In carrying out bauxite export activities, according to Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 25  2018, mining companies are required to increase the level of bauxite which will be sold through the washing process. To support this, a washing plant was built, as a means of the washing process, and a sediment pond, as an air source and waste management. In general, the process of water management starts from runoff at mine openings, which is managed by creating a settling pond in the mine area. then to support the washing process, build a sediment pond as a waste disposal place for washing and waste water management can be used again for the process of washing bauxite in the washing plant. The flow of the washing process starts from the water in the pond being pumped to the washing plant, the washing wastes are channeled into the sediment pond, then the recycling process is carried out through closed circulation by being channeled back into the pump pond for use in the washing process. In the rainy season, it needs air assistance from runoff, most of it is channeled to the air bodies or the environment for the reserve capacity of the sediment ponds. Due to the flow of water into the environment, the Tayan Bauxite Mine is required to meet the requirements of the Minister of Environment Regulation No. 34/2009 concerning Quality Standards for Wastewater in Bauxite Mining Activities. Based on these regulations, the Tayan Bauxite Mine is required to meet pH quality standards in the range of 6-9 and a maximum level of Total Suspended Solid (TSS) of 200 mg / l. Therefore, before flowing into the pump pond, do flocculant to get TSS levels of air not exceeding the quality standard so that it is diverted to the environment and condition the air to remain clear to support the washing process. To find out the flocculant with the most optimal performance, do a jar test with several types of flocculant to find out the costs for the resulting process. From the experiments, all the effective flocculants and the highest process efficiency obtained from flocculants was 99% for the 5 ppm flocculant concentration test. Then this flocculant is used as an air purifier in water treatment plants to manage bauxite washing wastewater to comply with the standard parameters stated in the existing arrangements. By carrying out runoff management processes at mine openings, pond sediment management, and compliance with regulatory aspects, bauxite mining activities, particularly at the washing stage at the washing plant can be carried out optimally, can support the production process to achieve the targets. Keywords: Run Off, Bauxite Washing, Sediment Pond, Total Suspended Solid, Flocculant

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY CHANGES OF SINGKARAK WATER CATCHMENT AREA USING REMOTE SENSING DATA

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ita Carolita ◽  
Bambang Trisakti ◽  
Heru Noviar
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Quality Changes ◽  
Lake Water Quality ◽  
Run Off

Lake Singkarak in west Sumatera is currently in very poor condition and become one of the priorities in the government lake rescue program. High sedimentation rate from soil erosion has caused siltation, decreasing of quality and quantity of lake water. Monitoring of the environment quality changes of the lake and its surrounding are required. This study used Landsat and SPOT satellite data in periods of 2000-2011 to evaluate environmental quality parameters of the lake such as land cover, lake water quality (total suspended solid), water run-off, and water discharge in Singkarak lake catchment area. Maximum likelihood classifier was used to obtain land cover. Total suspended solid was extracted using Doxaran algorithm. The look up table and rational method were used to estimate run-off and water discharge. The results showed that the decreasing of forest area and the increasing of settlement were consistent with the increasing of average run-off and water discharge in Paninggahan and Sumpur sub-catchment area. The results were also consistent with the increasing of TSS in Singkarak lake, where TSS increased from around 2-3 mg/l up to 5-6 mg/l in the periods of 2000-2011.

Efektivitas Biokoagulan Cangkang Telur Ayam Ras dan Kulit Pisang Kepok (Musa Balbisiana ABB) dalam Menurunkan Turbiditas, TDS, dan TSS dari Limbah Cair Industri Farmasi

al-Kimiya ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Hesty Nuur Hanifah ◽  
Ginayanti Hadisoebroto ◽  
Turyati Turyati ◽  
Ineu Sintia Anggraeni
Keyword(s):  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Musa Balbisiana

Koagulasi merupakan tahap awal dalam proses pengolahan limbah cair. Salah satu industri yang berpotensi untuk menimbulkan pencemaran air bila limbah cairnya tidak dikelola dengan baik adalah industri farmasi. Cangkang telur ayam ras dan kulit pisang kepok merupakan limbah padat yang belum termanfaatkan, padahal kedua bahan tersebut mengandung zat-zat yang bisa membantu dalam proses koagulasi. Oleh karena itu, peneliti tertarik untuk mengembangkan biokoagulan dari cangkang telur ayam ras dan kulit pisang kepok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas dari cangkang telur ayam ras dan kulit pisang kepok sebagai biokoagulan dalam menurunkan nilai turbiditas, TDS (Total Disolved Solid) dan TSS (Total Suspended Solid) dari limbah cair industri farmasi. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah jartest. Sampel air limbah yang digunakan dalam percobaan ini yaitu sampel air limbah industri farmasi dari PT Sinkona Indonesia Lestari. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian  menunjukkan bahwa biokoagulan cangkang telur ayam mempunyai dosis optimum yaitu 50 g/500 mL dan pada pH optimum 8 terjadi penurunan turbiditas sebesar 81,18%, TDS sebesar 24,3% dan TSS sebesar 82,05%. Sedangkan  biokoagulan kulit pisang kepok mempunyai dosis optimum 5 g/500 ml dan pada pH optimum 2 terjadi penurunan  turbiditas sebesar   94,9%, TDS 51,3% dan TSS  83,2%. Dari data tersebut bisa disimpulkan bahwa cangkang telur ayam ras dan kulit pisang kepok bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai biokoagulan untuk pengolahan limbah cair dari industri farmasi.

Characteristics of sludge reduction in an integrated pretreatment and aerobic digestion process

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 235-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hwang ◽  
H. Jang ◽  
M. Lee ◽  
J. Song ◽  
S. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Reduction Ratio ◽  
Effective Dosage ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Sludge Reduction ◽  
Aerobic Digestion ◽  
Cake Volume ◽  
Sludge Cake ◽  
Feasible Alternative

In this study, integrated pretreatments and aerobic digestion processes were investigated in order to provide a feasible alternative that can achieve effective sludge reduction. An ozone treatment in the presence of ionic manganese, a catalyst, increased the sludge reduction ratio three times higher than that of a single ozonation, presumably due to an increase in OH radical production. The ozone treatment yielded the effective sludge reduction ratio with an increasing ozone dosage, and an effective dosage of the catalyst was found to be 4 mg-Mn/g-TS. When a mechanical pretreatment and an ozone/catalyst were applied in a series, the integrated process, even at a half mechanical intensity and a half level of ozone dosage, showed higher and faster sludge reduction than each single process did. In addition, the integrated pretreatment process showed the highest dewaterability of the treated sludges. A ratio of sludge cake generation, which was newly introduced to quantify overall performance of sludge treatment processes, showed that the integrated pretreatment followed by the aerobic digestion yielded approximately a half of the sludge cake volume compared to the single aerobic digestion. Therefore, the integrated pretreatment can be a feasible method for the effective reduction of total suspended solid and the final volume.

Biodegradation Potential of Abattoir Wastewater Microbiota in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
J.D Bala ◽  
F. A Kuta ◽  
N.U Adabara ◽  
O.P Abioye ◽  
H.S Auta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Total Viable Count ◽  
Slaughter House ◽  
Abattoir Wastewater ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

Water used for washing carcasses of slaughtered animals and slaughter house is referred to as abattoir wastewater. This study was designed to investigate the microorganisms associated with abattoir wastewater and to establish the biodegradation potential of abattoir wastewater microbiota. Isolation of the microbes was carried out using pour plate technique. The total viable count for the microbes’ ranges from 2.5×104 - 4.6×105 cfu/mL. Results revealed that all the physicochemical parameters exceeded the permissible limits (total dissolved solid (TDS) 1748mg/L, total suspended solid (TSS) 176mg/L, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) 91 mg/L and chemical oxygen demand (COD) 227 mg/L). Microorganisms isolated include Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus anthracis, Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, Mucor sp, Trichophyton quickeanum and Penicillium sp. Some of the microbes were observed to have biodegradation potential by their ability to grow on mineral salt media (MSM) incorporated with starch, cellulose, crude oil, kerosene and diesel as the sole source of carbon and energy. This study suggests that abattoir wastewater harbors microorganisms that could be hazardous to public health when discharged into the environment untreated hence the need for strict monitoring. These microbes isolated could be employed as agent of bioremediation of wastewaters. Key words: Abattoir; Biodegredation; Isolation; Microbiota; Wastewater

Inovasi Pengolahan Limbah Cair Batik dengan IPAL Ekonomis di Desa Maos Kidul Cilacap

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Theresia Evila Purwanti Sri Rahayu ◽  
Rosita Dwityaningsih ◽  
Murni Handayani ◽  
Khoeruddin Witriansyah ◽  
Ayu Pramita
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Service Project ◽  
Hazardous Metal ◽  
Dark Blue

Wastewater resulted from the batik dying process is known for its environmentally hazardous substances including hazardous natural and synthetic organic matter, suspended particles, and hazardous metal. But in the micro and medium scale batik textile business, wastewater treatment is mostly not carried because it does not give benefit for the owner. Economical wastewater treatment constructions can be an alternative for the business owner for their free operational cost. Batik wastewater treatment ought to be carried out to meet government standards but most importantly to decrease hazardous pollutant’s concentrations so it does not harm the environment. This society service project aims to provide alternatively economical wastewater treatment for batik business owners by applying simples and cheapest yet effective treatment methods to reduce pollutant concentrations in wastewater. Methods applied in this project including sedimentation, filtration, and landfill-bioremediation. The laboratorium analysis result shows that sedimentation and filtration are significantly reduced total suspended solid particles in wastewater from 2450 to 100 mg/L in line with wastewater decoloring from dark blue to clear yellow.

scholarly journals Phytoplankton community structure and it’s relationships with water quality in Bangka Island, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Muh Yusuf ◽  
Robin Robin ◽  
Wahyu Adi ◽  
Mu’alimah Hudatwi ◽  
Widianingsih Widianingsih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Primary Producer

Phytoplankton plays an important role in primary productivity in marine environment. Various environmental changes in coastal area will impact the water quality and their phytoplankton compositions. The purpose of this study is to examine the abundance of phytoplankton from two different sites, i.e Tanah Merah (close to mining site) and Semujur Island (away from mining site) in Bangka Island. Phytoplankton and water sample were collected on June- August 2018. Water quality was measured using water quality checker, whereas the phytoplankton was identified under the microscope with a magnification of 100x. Non-parametric Kruskal test and T-test analysis was performed to determine the abundance, diversity, uniform, and dominance of phytoplankton between Sites, respectively. Statistical analyses showed the abundance of phytoplankton at Semujur Island was significantly higher than that at Tanah Merah (p = 0.003). In additions the diversity, uniform, and dominance were also significantly different between sites (all p <0.05). In Semujur Island, Diatoms (Thalassiothrix, Chaetoceros and Thalassionema) were more dominants than the Dinophyceae group. However, in Tanah Merah, the genera Ceratium belong to class Dinophyceae was more dominant than the class Bacillariophyceae. These results performed that the phytoplankton in Tanah Merah and Semujur Island was affected by environment, in this case the mining area. The water quality in Semujur Island (non-mining Area) might have good quality than in Tanah Merah (mining area). The average value of turbidity and Total Suspended Solid in Tanah Merah Waters causes low abundance of phytoplankton. It can be concluded that tin mining can disrupt the abundance and composition of phytoplankton as a primary producer of waters.

scholarly journals Analysis of total suspended solid content based on rain characteristics in the Ciliwung River basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-363
Author(s):  
Sulistyo Ariebowo Djajusman ◽  
Hadi Susilo Arifin ◽  
Etty Riani
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Rainfall Characteristics ◽  
Middle Stream ◽  
The Relationship

Total suspended solid (TSS) is one of the parameters that determines whether or not a body of water is polluted. One factor that influences the amount of TSS content is the characteristic of rainfall in an area. Purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the effect of rainfall characteristics and TSS content in Ciliwung River. Multiple regression analysis was used for analytical method.  Results of multiple regression analysis showed that the correlation coefficient (adjusted R2) for the factors of rainfall, discharge and sediment show a low correlation to changes the content of TSS in Ciliwung River. The value of each correlation coefficient in the upstream, middle, and downstream of Ciliwung River are 0.21, 0.31, and 0.09 respectively. According to the F test, rainfall, discharge and sediment  were significantly affect TSS content in the upstream and middle stream.  Based on t test, it is known that only rainfall affect TSS content in the upstream and midlle stream.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF ANTHROPOGENIC ACTIVITY ON STREAM WATER QUALITY IN LANGSA, ACEH

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmy Akbar ◽  
Iwan Suyatna ◽  
Jailani Jailani ◽  
Singgih Afifa Putra ◽  
Fauziah Azmi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Surface Mining ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Type C

Increased human activity towards the water bodies will change the condition of water quality. Case study in Langsa, Aceh, It was found that an increase in Some physical parameter (TSS) that exceeds the value determined in PP 82 of 2001 (Indonesian government standard). The high value of TSS in Station 2 and Station 3 indicates that the sediment loading to the water body is high, especially in Station 3, where the TSS concentrations far exceed the standard. Activity of type C surface mining materials tends to affect the brightness, turbidity, depth and TSS. Water conditions with low pH were also found in this study. In location studied no EPT larvae were found Keyword: Langsa, Water Quality, Stream, Total Suspended Solid, Anthropogenic Activity

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY FROM INDUSTRIAL AND RESIDENTIAL AREAS OF SANGO OTA, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
O.A. Oguntade ◽  
V.I. I Fesiokwu ◽  
O. S. Sule
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
High Concentration

High concentration of contaminants in drinking water can affect human health. This study assessed quality of groundwater at industrial and residential areas of Sango Ota, Ogun State. Water samples were collected in triplicates from 8 wells at industrial and residential areas and analyzed for its physicochemical properties. The pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solid (TDS), nitrate, sulphate, total suspended solid (TSS), total hardness (TH), iron, zinc, copper, lead, nickel, chromium and cadmium concentrations in the water samples were determined following American Public Health Association (APHA) procedure. Results showed that pH of 50 % of the wells were lower than minimum limit of 6.5 recommended by WHO. Sulphate, TH and iron in the water were significantly (p < 0.05) higher at residential area than industrial area. Electrical conductivity exhibited significant (p < 0.01) correlation with TDS (r = 0.701**) and NO32- (r = 0.922**) at residential area. At the industrial area however, concentration of salts in water samples was highly associated with SO42- (r = 0.864**) and Cd (r = 0.587**). Across locations of groundwater, iron and lead were above allowable WHO limits in drinking water. Cadmium was also above drinking limit at location T4 of the residential area. Consumers of groundwater in the study area are prone to health related challenges of heavy metal toxicity.

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