Bacillus thuringiensis (serotype 14) crystal toxins shows non-toxic effects on fingerlings freshwater fish cyprinus carpio against the mosquito larvae.

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
DR. YALLAPPA SHIVARAJ
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Crystal Toxins

scholarly journals Decreased Toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis to Mosquito Larvae after Contact with Leaf Litter

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (15) ◽  
pp. 5189-5195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Tetreau ◽  
Renaud Stalinski ◽  
Dylann Kersusan ◽  
Sylvie Veyrenc ◽  
Jean-Philippe David ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Cry Toxins ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Mosquito Breeding ◽  
Important Food Source ◽  
Crystal Toxins

ABSTRACTBacillus thuringiensissubsp.israelensisis a bacterium producing crystals containing Cry and Cyt proteins, which are toxic for mosquito larvae. Nothing is known about the interaction between crystal toxins and decaying leaf litter, which is a major component of several mosquito breeding sites and represents an important food source. In the present work, we investigated the behavior ofB. thuringiensissubsp.israelensistoxic crystals sprayed on leaf litter. In the presence of leaf litter, a 60% decrease in the amount of Cyt toxin detectable by immunology (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays [ELISAs]) was observed, while the respective proportions of Cry toxins were not affected. The toxicity of Cry toxins towardAedes aegyptilarvae was not affected by leaf litter, while the synergistic effect of Cyt toxins on allB. thuringiensissubsp.israelensisCry toxins was decreased by about 20% when mixed with leaf litter. The toxicity of two commercialB. thuringiensissubsp.israelensisstrains (VectoBac WG and VectoBac 12AS) and a laboratory-producedB. thuringiensissubsp.israelensisstrain decreased by about 70% when mixed with leaf litter. Taken together, these results suggest that Cyt toxins interact with leaf litter, resulting in a decreased toxicity ofB. thuringiensissubsp.israelensisin litter-rich environments and thereby dramatically reducing the efficiency of mosquitocidal treatments.

Toxic Effects of Quinalphos on Protein Content and Growth Rate in Freshwater Teleost, Cyprinus carpio (L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
A. Padmanabha ◽  
H. R. V. Reddy ◽  
N. B. Shridhar ◽  
Muttappa Khavi ◽  
B. T. Naveen Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Freshwater Teleost

scholarly journals Effects of two formulations based on Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis on Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae under laboratory conditions

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-258
Author(s):  
Milenka Peric ◽  
Mirjana Prijovic ◽  
Goran Andric
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Water Dispersible ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis Subsp ◽  
Zero Time

Toxicity and persistence of two formulations based on Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis applied to Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae were tested under laborabory conditions. The formulations were: a) water dispersible granules (product VectoBac WDG), and b) aqueous suspension (product VectoBac 12AS). The effects of both products on mosquito larvae were tested immediately after their dilution in pure water (zero time) and in 1-, 2-, 8- and 13-day old solutions. The two products were also tested in mixtures of water and clay at a rate of 0.5 g clay/150 ml water immediately after product dilution, and in one-day old solutions containing 0.1 and 0.05 g of clay in the same amount of water. The product VectoBac WDG was persistent and highly effective against Ae. aegypti larvae in pure water after the longest experimental period of 13 days, and significantly more effective than VectoBac 12AS at equal rates of application. The effectiveness of VectoBac 12AS weakened significantly after 8 and 13 days of treatment, compared to the effects at zero time and in 1- and 2-day old solutions. High clay content in water significantly reduced the larvicidal effectiveness of both products, indicating its possible compromising role during product application in practice.

Toxic effects of zinc on four species of freshwater fish

1991 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zang Weiling ◽  
Ye Lin ◽  
Xu Xuancheng ◽  
Gong Shuchun
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Toxic Effects

Friendly Foes: The Bio-control Agents

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalpana Singh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Economic Threshold ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Natural Way

The bio-control agents are those organisms that manage the pest population in natural way and keep them below the economic threshold and are thus applied by the agency of man. This process is known as bio-control or biological control. They are foes to the pests and are thus beneficial and a friend for us. There are many pathogens (Bacillus thuringiensis, Bt cotton), parasites (parasitoids, ex. Parasitic wasps, tachinid flies) and predators (ex. Gambusia fish against mosquito larvae) that can be applied as bio-control agents. Many are being used as effective pest control agent in Europe and United States of America. There is lots of potential in this field and more explorations and researches need to be done in an agricultural country like India.

Fluoride Toxicity in the Fish Channa punctatus and its Reversibility by Ascorbic Acid

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Gupta ◽  
Krishna Gopal ◽  
Madhu Tripathi ◽  
U. D. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Channa Punctatus ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Fluoride Toxicity

Flouride toxicity has acquired a massive form in present times since we have to dig deeper and deeper in search of drinking water. Deeper levels are richer in toxic metals and non metals like Arsenic and Flourides. The present study takes a common freshwater fish Channa punctatus as a bioassay of fluoride toxicity and studies the effects of reversal of toxic effects by use of Ascorbic acid and by keeping the fish in clean water. The results have been compiled in the form of graphs and photomicrograph.

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