Comparison of Assimilative Capacity and Trophic Index for Various Parts of the Sevastopol Bay Water Area

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Sovga ◽  
I. V. Mezentseva ◽  
K. A. Slepchuk ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Load Level ◽  
Assimilative Capacity ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Trophic Index ◽  
Water Ecosystem ◽  
Sevastopol Bay ◽  
Different Parts

The ecological state of the marine shallow water ecosystem (the case of the Sevastopol Bay) is analyzed by the ratio of assimilative capacity and E-TRIX index depending on the anthropogenic load level for the whole bay ecosystem. As part of analysis, the eastern, central, western parts of the bay were distinguished as well as the Yuzhnaya Bay (southern part). Calculations of the assimilative capacity and E-TRIX index for ecosystems of different parts of the Sevastopol Bay were performed using the in situ data of inorganic nitrogen for the period 1998–2012 obtained from the MHI RAS oceanographic data bank. The paper compares values of ecosystem assimilative capacity calculated for inorganic nitrogen as a prevailing pollutant in municipal and storm wastewaters and E-TRIX trophic index of the sea ecosystem, with the technogenic load and biological process seasonality (warm and cold periods) of nutrient income taken into account. This allowed to properly distinguish water areas, which are most vulnerable in terms of formation of negative ecological events, up to disasters. According to the obtained data, such an area is that of the Yuzhnaya Bay. The second vulnerable water area is the eastern apex part of the Sevastopol bay exposed to the Chernaya River discharge. As the results showed, the situation worsens during winter and spring freshets due to increase in content of inorganic nitrogen forms in the Chernaya River runoff. The ecosystem of the western bay part adjoining the open sea is the safest in terms of nitrate nitrogen assimilative capacity, whereas the central part ecosystem appears to be the cleanest in terms of E-TRIX. The ecosystem most exposed to ecological risks in terms of both indices (assimilative capacity and E-TRIX) is that of the Yuzhnaya Bay (the southern part of the Sevastopol Bay). The observed imbalance of distribution of the calculated trophic index E-TRIX and assimilative capacity in different parts of the Sevastopol Bay is due to various nature of these quantities. The assimilative capacity of an ecosystem is defined by physical, chemical and biological processes given a dynamic removal of pollutants from the ecosystem, whereas E-TRIX is determined, in general, by seasonal variability of nutrient income into the ecosystem.

SELF-PURIFICATION OF SEA COASTAL WATER AREAS UNDER CLIMATIC AND ANTHROPOGENIC CHANGE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Mesenzeva ◽  
Irina Mesenzeva ◽  
Elena Sovga ◽  
Elena Sovga ◽  
Tatyana Khmara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Anthropogenic Change ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Sevastopol Bay ◽  
Assimilation Capacity

The ability of a bay and gulf ecosystems to self-purification was estimated and the current ecological state of the Sevastopol Bay in whole and the separated parts of the bay was given as an example. A zoning by type of anthropogenic impact subject to the water exchange with the open sea and an influence of the Chernaya River run-off were taken into account. A comparative analysis of assimilation capacity of the most environmentally disadvantaged part of the Sevastopol Bay (the Southern Bay) and the clean water area, bordering on the open sea, was carried out. The hydrodynamic regime of the Sevastopol Bay was described using numerical modelling. The prospect, opportunity and examples of the methodology for assessing the assimilation capacity of marine ecosystems are demonstrated.

Natural-climatic and anthropogenic factors determining the self-purification capacity of shallow-water marine ecosystems in relation to reduced nitrogen forms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Sovga ◽  
I. V. Mezentseva ◽  
T. V. Khmara ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current System ◽  
The Self ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Sediment Layer ◽  
Nitrogen Forms ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Sevastopol Bay ◽  
Reduced Nitrogen ◽  
Assimilation Capacity ◽  
Reduced Forms

The paper considers natural-climatic and anthropogenic factors that determine differences in the self-purification capacity of the Sevastopol Bay ecosystems (its western, central, eastern parts and the Yuzhnaya Bay) in relation to the reduced nitrogen forms (ammonium and nitrites) by calculating the assimilation capacity. The authors took into account the intensity of the input sources of the studied forms of nitrogen, the rate of excretion from the ecosystem, the dynamic situation in the studied water areas and in the entire bay as well as the location of recreational facilities. For the first time, the factors were assessed that provide additional input of reduced forms of nitrogen associated with hypoxia during summer water stratification in local deepened areas in the upper bottom sediment layer, taking into account their particle size distribution. Further, the authors considered accumulation of organic matter and its destruction due to oxidized nitrogen forms and formation of reduced forms thereof. The currents in the central and southern parts of the Sevastopol Bay were calculated using a hydrodynamic model. The calculation results correspond to the current system in the mentioned water areas of the bay according to in situ data at different wind situations in the region. According to the calculations, it is possible that under certain hydrometeorological situations additional amount of ammonium and nitrites would flow from the Yuzhnaya Bay into the central part of the Sevastopol Bay.

scholarly journals Conformation-dependent restraints for polynucleotides: the sugar moiety

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 962-973
Author(s):  
Marcin Kowiel ◽  
Dariusz Brzezinski ◽  
Miroslaw Gilski ◽  
Mariusz Jaskolski
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Protein Data Bank ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Torsion Angles ◽  
Sugar Moiety ◽  
Structural Database ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract Stereochemical restraints are commonly used to aid the refinement of macromolecular structures obtained by experimental methods at lower resolution. The standard restraint library for nucleic acids has not been updated for over two decades and needs revision. In this paper, geometrical restraints for nucleic acids sugars are derived using information from high-resolution crystal structures in the Cambridge Structural Database. In contrast to the existing restraints, this work shows that different parts of the sugar moiety form groups of covalent geometry dependent on various chemical and conformational factors, such as the type of ribose or the attached nucleobase, and ring puckering or rotamers of the glycosidic (χ) or side-chain (γ) torsion angles. Moreover, the geometry of the glycosidic link and the endocyclic ribose bond angles are functionally dependent on χ and sugar pucker amplitude (τm), respectively. The proposed restraints have been positively validated against data from the Nucleic Acid Database, compared with an ultrahigh-resolution Z-DNA structure in the Protein Data Bank, and tested by re-refining hundreds of crystal structures in the Protein Data Bank. The conformation-dependent sugar restraints presented in this work are publicly available in REFMAC, PHENIX and SHELXL format through a dedicated RestraintLib web server with an API function.

Technology of Data Processing Systems

1980 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
F. H. Lochovsky
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Data Base ◽  
Distributed Processing ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Semiconductor Technology ◽  
Data Processing System ◽  
Bank Management ◽  
On Line ◽  
Different Parts

Several functional parts — hardware, software and techniques — of a data processing system can be identified. In this paper the current technology of these different parts is reviewed. The hardware has been greatly influenced in recent years by advances in semiconductor technology. Data bank management system (DBMS) technology has significantly affected the software aspects of data processing. Finally, on-line processing, distributed processing and data base administration techniques are being used to effectively apply current hardware and software technology.

SELF-PURIFICATION OF SEA COASTAL WATER AREAS UNDER CLIMATIC AND ANTHROPOGENIC CHANGE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Mesenzeva ◽  
Irina Mesenzeva ◽  
Elena Sovga ◽  
Elena Sovga ◽  
Tatyana Khmara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Anthropogenic Change ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Sevastopol Bay ◽  
Assimilation Capacity

The ability of a bay and gulf ecosystems to self-purification was estimated and the current ecological state of the Sevastopol Bay in whole and the separated parts of the bay was given as an example. A zoning by type of anthropogenic impact subject to the water exchange with the open sea and an influence of the Chernaya River run-off were taken into account. A comparative analysis of assimilation capacity of the most environmentally disadvantaged part of the Sevastopol Bay (the Southern Bay) and the clean water area, bordering on the open sea, was carried out. The hydrodynamic regime of the Sevastopol Bay was described using numerical modelling. The prospect, opportunity and examples of the methodology for assessing the assimilation capacity of marine ecosystems are demonstrated.

Towards validating a last generation, integrated wave-current-sediment numerical model in coastal regions using video measurements

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandro Carniel ◽  
Mauro Sclavo ◽  
Renata Archetti
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Area ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Roms Model ◽  
Shallow Water Area ◽  
River Region ◽  
Alongshore Sediment Transport

AbstractThis paper presents the first steps in the implementation of a morphological numerical model to be applied in the Bevano River region, a shallow water area in the Adriatic Sea, with the aim of helping the identification and assessment of erosional patterns and bottom morphological modifications induced by severe marine storms. The numerical modeling, performed using a fully 3D coupled wave-current-sediment version of the ROMS model, has been complemented with in situ data analysis and observations: a first qualitative validation of the results was given by the analysis of images acquired via an ARGUS video station.Hydrodynamic modeling highlighted how shear bottom stresses and bottom currents fields were heavily influenced by severe storm situations, and had large effects on the morphology of shallow regions. The correlation between the wave-current induced bottom stresses and the resulting topography was investigated. Nearshore hydrodynamics modeling results demonstrated the dominant role played by alongshore sediment transport, with the magnitude of both cross- and along-shore wave-induced currents strongly depending on wave height and direction.We found a good qualitative conformity between the results of the numerical models applied during a “Bora” storm and the corresponding video observations; both techniques indicated the migration of the existing sandbar within the range of about 40 m seaward.Results show how integrated numerical open source tools, often used in oceanography, are becoming suitable for both preliminary investigations and for planning the effective littoral management, and how their calibration can be supported by the use of new low cost techniques, such as video measurements.

scholarly journals A methodical approach to the ecological status evaluation of water bodies using the complex index of water quality on the example of the Middle Priobye

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Elena Aleksandrovna Shornikova
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Complex Index ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Methodical Approach ◽  
Water Ecosystem

The following paper deals with a methodical approach and experience of water quality complex index ( Iwq ) use for the evaluation of ecological status of surface water bodies by results of rivers monitoring within the Middle Ob basin during 2002-2018. This index allows to use such primary information as results of water chemistry analyses, parameters of structure of microbial community and other available data obtained for each sample site on various water bodies within the basin. The main evaluation criterion for calculating this index is a degree of a deviation of each controlled indicator from average value of this indicator for all explored water area within the basin. Water bodies (or their sites) can be classified to 5 various classes of water quality using the calculated values of the index. Such a methodical approach allows to carry out comparative estimation of an ecological condition of water bodies and their sites within the area, to map the obtained data, to analyze possible reasons of deterioration of water ecosystem state, to manage decisions on their restoration. The paper presents the results of the water quality complex index use for rivers within the Middle Ob basin, calculated on the base of indicators of the chemical composition of water and number of bacteria of various ecological and trophic groups in the structure of microbial community.

scholarly journals Composition analysis of phytoplankton microalgae in various water areas of the Black sea near the Crimean peninsula

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
N.A. Andreeva ◽  
◽  
E.A. Grebneva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Water Area ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Sevastopol Bay ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

Preliminary studies of cultivated phytoplankton microalgae were carried out in water samples collected during four expeditions at oceanographic stations of the coastal waters of the northwestern and northeastern parts of the Black Sea in different seasons of 2019-2020. Some features of the development of the algological component in conditions of changing oceanological characteristics of the environment have been established. In spring, the most active growth of diatoms was revealed in the area from Balaklava to the water area of the Sevastopol Bay.

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