scholarly journals The Issue of Criticizing the Text of the Short Story ʽWhere Love Is, There God Is Also’ by Leo Tolstoy (1885)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 244-261
Author(s):  
Irina I. Sizova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Main Text ◽  
Textual Practice ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Given ◽  
History Of Formation

The article is devoted to the issue of criticizing the text of Leo Tolstoy's short story “Where Love Is, There God Is Alsoˮ (1885), its purpose is to substantiate the choice of the main source of the text for publication and to cleanse it of distortions. In the research literature, the issue of clarifying the history of formation of the given work as an artistic whole is open, details of the final stages of its creation have not been reconstructed, the editorship of this literary monument has not been concretized. The proposed work was performed in a certain sequence. First, all the discrepancies between the first lifetime editions of 1885–1886 were identified, and then a comparative analysis of them with handwritten materials was carried out. At the final stage, the classification of these discrepancies was correlated with the textual practice of the predecessors. As a result, the choice of the twelfth part of “The Works of Count L. N. Tolstoy” (1886) as the main text source for publication was theoretically justified, a list of recommended corrections based on manuscripts was compiled and argued. The tradition of criteria for scientific criticism of literary monuments has been supplemented with new principles. This is the transparency of editorial intrusions into someone else's text, the obligatory references to manuscripts or earlier publications in the list of corrections, a comprehensive disclosure of its composition (not a truncated format), the inadmissibility for a text critic to act as a co-author of the writer.

COLLECTING THE PERSONAL ORIGIN DOCUMENTS OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR PERIOD

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-114
Author(s):  
Elena M. Burova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Literature ◽  
Home Front ◽  
Organization Of Work ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ordinary Citizens

The article covers the issues of initiative acquisition of archives in the documents of personal origin during the Great Patriotic War, the organization of work to identify and collect the wartime documents. Collecting documents of ordinary citizens, in particular letters from the front and to the front is analyzed. Proposals to create the specialized archives of documents on the history of the war were never implemented. Quite a lot of the actions, search operations and expeditions were conducted in the country, for example, the “Chronicle of the Great Patriotic War”, the “Frontline letter”, the “Search”, the “Memory”, etc., during which a significant number of documents of war participants and home front workers were collected and stored. Not so much of the documents of personal origin of the war participants are concentrated in the archives. In general, there prevails the collection type of organization for storing documents from the period of the Great Patriotic War. With reference to the corpus of documents of personal origin of the war period the research literature pays its attention mostly to correspondence and diaries, memoirs. Historians and archivists, analyzing wartime letters, offer different classifications depending on the authors, recipients, subjects, etc. The article provides a generalized classification of letters based on their inherent similarities. The author also analyzes the reasons for a small number of extant diaries and memoirs, and provides examples of their classification. Likewise the article describes current approaches to the collection of personal papers within the frames of the Moscow Glavarkhiv project “Moscow – with care for history” and the Ministry of Defense project “The Memory Road”.

scholarly journals The history of the Revolution and Civil War in Kamchatka in the archival funds of the Kamchatka Krai State Archive: a source-study review

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 05007
Author(s):  
Natalya Kamardina ◽  
Valentina Ilina
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Far East ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
History Of ◽  
Source Study ◽  
Historical Truth ◽  
The Given ◽  
Further Development ◽  
The Revolution

This article is devoted to the problems of collection and classification of the historical sources regarding the history of the Great Russian Revolution of 1917. The authors concentrated on the opportunities of using different sources kept at the archives of the Far East (Vladivostok, Khabarovsk, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy) in order to comprehensively review the events which took place in Kamchatka in 1917-1922. The idea of considering a written historical source as a subjectified reflection of the past, which is the only bearer of the historical truth, lays the foundation for analyzing the source-study basis of the problem. The given research helps to outline general directions of work aimed at studying the history of the Kamchatka krai shortly before the Revolution and in the years of the Revolution and Civil War and also to determine further development of the designated issues.

Ambrosiaster's Commentary on Romans: Features of the Biblical Text and their Interpretation

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-54
Author(s):  
Андрей Лысевич
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Latin Literature ◽  
Biblical Text ◽  
Main Text ◽  
Medieval Europe ◽  
Text Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
Christian Literature ◽  
The Subject

В статье рассматривается библейский текст и комментарий к нему древнеримского толкователя Амвросиаста. Предмет исследования примечателен тем, что является наиболее значительным фрагментом первого в истории латинской христианской литературы опыта полного комментария на все послания апостола (за исключением Евр.). Кроме того, известно, что памятник имел широкое распространение в средневековой Европе. Основной целью исследования является обнаружение особенностей библейского текста Амвросиаста и выявление их влияния на интерпретацию. В работе обсуждается принадлежность библейского текста Амвросиаста к основным текстовым типам Vetus Latina, а именно к африканскому киприановскому тексту. На основании сравнительного анализа с Nova Vulgata выделяются наиболее значимые с точки зрения смысла мутации, производится оценка их объёма, а также описывается их влияние на интерпретацию библейского текста Амвросиастом. Показано, что объём мутаций может быть оценен в размере 4-5 % от общего объёма текста. Некоторые особенности библейского текста становятся основанием мнений Амвросиаста о том, что апостол неоднократно извещал римлян о своём намерении посетить их через третьих лиц; смерти достойны не только совершающие смертные грехи, но и соизволяющие им. Мутация библейского текста становится одной из причин формирования своеобразного учения Амвросиаста о первородном грехе, как о совершённом всеми нами в Адаме. В работе высказывается предположение, что эти особенности Комментариев Амвросиаста могли получить распространение в латинской литературе даже после унификации библейского текста. Приводится пример такого влияния через сочинения блаженного Августина. The article discusses the biblical text and its commentary by the Roman interpreter Ambrosiaster. The subject of the study is notable for the fact that it is the most significant fragment of the first ever in the history of Latin Christian literature full commentary on all the Epistles of the Apostle (except for Heb.). In addition, it is known that the work was widespread in medieval Europe. The main goal of the article is to indicate the peculiarities of the Ambrosiaster biblical text and to reveal their influence on the interpretation. The paper discusses how the biblical text of Ambrosiaster belongs to the main text types of the Vetus Latina, namely to the African Cyprian text. Based on a comparative analysis with the Nova Vulgata, the most significant discrepancies of meaning are highlighted, their volume estimated, and their influence on the interpretation of the biblical text by Ambrosiaster is described. It is shown that the volume of mutations can be estimated at 4-5 % of the total text volume. Some features of the biblical text lie at the foundation of Ambrosiaster’s opinion that the Apostle had repeatedly informed the Romans of his intention to visit them through third parties; death is a just consequence not only for those committing mortal sins, but also for those who patronage them. One of the variations in the biblical text serves as one of the reasons for the formation of Ambrosiaster’s original teaching on original sin, as committed by all of us in Adam. It is suggested in the paper that these features of Ambrosiaster’s Commentaries could be spread throughout Latin literature even after the unification of the biblical text. An example of such an influence is given in the writings of blessed Augustine.

scholarly journals Semantics and Ideography of Dostoevsky's Handwritten Text: from Handwriting to Meaning

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-291
Author(s):  
Nataliya Tarasova ◽  
Tatyana Panyukova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Handwritten Text ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Art Collection ◽  
True Meaning ◽  
History Of ◽  
Storage Units ◽  
Selection Of

The paper analyzes the material from two workbooks (1864–1867) that belonged to Feodor Dostoevsky (Russian State Archive of Literature and Art. Collection 212, inventory 1, storage units 4 and 5). The research was conducted in three main areas: selection of information for the letter style alphabet; comparative analysis of sources (manuscripts and publications of handwritten text) for the purpose of identifying and correcting errors in its reading; a review of calligraphy and graphics of Feodor Dostoevsky. The alphabet of letter styles allows to establish typical and atypical letter styles in the handwriting of Feodor Dostoevsky. This made it possible to compile a classification of letters, describe their features, and use this information in the study of difficult-to-read and previously undecipherable records. The latter may contain valuable information that allows to clarify the facts in the creative history of the works of Feodor Dostoevsky, biographical information, chronology of the creative process, and so on. The second area of research includes the comparative analysis of manuscript sources and their published versions — is of particular value for ascertaining the original author's text and eliminating the inaccuracies of research interpretations that often appear in the process of manuscript publishing. There is a direct connection between these areas of analysis — the letter style alphabet is a tool that allows to read the handwritten text more accurately and correct the mistakes of the publishers. The third direction, dedicated to the study of calligraphy, expands the range of tasks related to the study of graphics in the writer's texts and allows to draw preliminary conclusions about the nature of its function in the handwritten text. The scientific novelty of the work consists in the systematization of data on the writer's handwriting in manuscripts of the specified period, on the features of his creative work, and in correcting the errors made by publishers of handwritten materials and restoring the true meaning of the author's notes. The practical value of the work consists in collecting information about the writer's handwriting, which is relevant for the textual analysis of his works, publication of his texts, and use of the collected information for subsequent scientific work.

scholarly journals The Dynamic Poetics in the Text History of Lermontov’s Poem “The Dream”

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-145
Author(s):  
Irina A. Kiseleva ◽  
Ksenia A. Potashova
Keyword(s):  
Creative Process ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Main Text ◽  
Final Version ◽  
History Of ◽  
Body And Soul ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Artistic Image ◽  
The Given ◽  
Immortality Of The Soul

<p>The article focuses on the analysis of the poetic genesis of Lermontov&rsquo;s poem &ldquo;The Dream&rdquo; (1841) that manifests itself in the author&rsquo;s corrections in the rough copy and in the clean one. There was carried out a reconstruction of the poet&rsquo;s creative process, of his work on the contexture and the creation of a completed artistic image. The article presents the transcription of the poem&rsquo;s rough and clean copies including alterations and symbols of the manuscript. It has been proved that while the first versions in the main text identify three dreams, the final version keeps only two of them. In the course of his work on the text the poet chooses not to introduce the image of a dream into the first poem, but makes it clear that everything is happening in the dream only by means of the title. This technique increases the reality of the given image. In the analysis of the poem&rsquo;s dynamic poetics a special emphasis is made on the registration of the landscape details changes due to which the poet conveys his perception of the natural world and his place in it as a&nbsp;body and soul creature. The narrator&rsquo;s feelings of desolation and abandonment in the natural world get worse from the rough copy to the clean one, and at the same time grows his anxiety for the unanimity with his mistress who, as the hero himself, has a spiritual sight. The capacity of the characters for empathy and the experience of bodily death assert the poet&rsquo;s faith in the immortality of the soul.</p>

scholarly journals Sebastian Münster Cosmographia as the renaissance mirror of the world

Geoadria ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Anđelka Galić ◽  
Antonia Došen
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Arts And Crafts ◽  
Central Laboratory ◽  
Main Text ◽  
Renaissance Period ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
German Edition ◽  
State Archives

Cosmographey oder beschreibug aller Länder [...]1, famous work by a German cartographer Sebastian Münster is kept among few cartographic works in the Collection of Printing and Bookbinding of the Museum of Arts and Crafts in Zagreb. After its restoration at the Central Laboratory for Conservation and Restoration of the Croatian State Archives in Zagreb, it was determined by using comparative analysis with other editions that the copy of Münster’s work from the Museum of Arts and Crafts, with the missing title page along with the entire contents of the last, Sixth Book, is in fact the German edition of Cosmographia published in Basel in 1567. The established dating is also verified by applying the method of identifying the volume through determining the sequence of maps printed on double pages which precede the main text and are described in detail and analysed in the enclosed table with the text. Münster’s work is a unique endeavour in the history of printing. The knowledge of the world is presented over a thousand text pages equipped with several hundred woodcut illustrations and dozens of maps covering geography, history, ethnography, anthropology, geology and natural sciences. In this paper, Münster’s work on Dalmatia, Istria and Slavonia are especially highlighted as the basis, as well as an incentive, for further research of content and significance of cartographic presentations of a part of Croatian lands during the Renaissance period.

scholarly journals Taxes and taxation. Tax system of the Russian Federation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Валентина Водопьянова ◽  
Valentina Vodop'yanova ◽  
Ольга Ворожбит ◽  
Ol'ga Vorozhbit
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Training Manual ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
Detailed Classification ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
History Of Formation ◽  
Modern Condition

The training manual contains theoretical material on taxation of commercial enterprises and individuals. Reveals basic concepts of taxation, presents a detailed classification of taxes and levies in the Russian Federation, considers the history of formation and modern condition of the Russian tax system. The manual reflects the current regulatory framework under Russian tax legislation. Methodical apparatus of the textbook contains questions, tasks and cases that contribute to the consolidation of the material, focuses on the practical application of the knowledge. For students studying in the areas of "Economics", "Management", "commodity science", "Economics and management of the national economy".

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ORIGINAL AND TRANSLATION OF E.SETON-THOMPSON’S SHORT STORY ‘THE ВIOGRAPHY OF A GRIZZLY’

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (16) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
M.Yu. Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Transformation Techniques ◽  
Artistic Images ◽  
The Given

The role of Ernest Seton-Thompson as a writer who started the genre of animal short-story and his contribution into the national Canadian literature are discussed in the article. Peculiar features of animal-personages from his short-stories which are close to people were singled out. The peculiarities of the literary translation which aim is to reflect ideas, feelings transforming the author’s images with the help of another language material, the main features that make it different from a classical one were stated. Contemporary scholars who scrutinize this aspect in modern translation studies were found out. The notion of adequacy in the process of a literary text translation, the necessity and strive of the translator to reflect the sense, embodied in artistic images, to preserve genre and style and structural-compositional peculiarities of the original text in the context of comparative analysis of the literary text were noted. The differences between the original text of E.Seton-Thompson’s short-story “The Biography of a Grizzly” and its translation by М.Chukovsky were analyzed in the given article. The translation can be called adequate as some change of content and form of the original text by means of the target language did not impact into general perception of the short-story in its translation. The translator conveys the author’s ideas provoking reader‘s reaction to the story. М.Chukovsky  preserved its content, the system of images and the author’s style and plot identity of the original text. Peculiarities of his translation, main structural-grammar and lexical transformations used in the translation were marked. Among the most frequently used transformation techniques actual division of the sentence, grammar changes, change of the sentence parts, concretization, generalization, addition, omission and antonymic translation are noted.

scholarly journals Vedic Multiplier Implementation for High Speed Factorial Computation

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (04) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Prof. Sharayu Waghmare
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Vlsi Architecture ◽  
Path Delay ◽  
Vedic Mathematics ◽  
Vedic Multiplier ◽  
The Given ◽  
Mathematical Operations ◽  
Indian Mathematics

Vedic Mathematics arise from the prehistoric classification of Indian mathematics that was recreated by Tirthaji. Ancient mathematical operations are depending on sixteen methods. In this article, a new VLSI architecture to compute factorial of the given number with Vedic based multiplier is proposed. Simulations are performed using Xilinx ISE 14.2. Effective comparative analysis is made with existing multipliers to prove the momentous development in competence and high speed operation. This efficient multiplier is implemented in the proposed factorial architecture which significantly reduces the path delay and provides better optimization.

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