scholarly journals New Technique for Intrathoracic Implantation of Extraluminal Spiral Prostheses in the Trachea

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hércules Lúcio Gomes ◽  
Rodiney Pinheiro Denevitz ◽  
Isabella Cristina Morales ◽  
Scarlath Ohana Penna Dos Santos ◽  
Haroldo José Siqueira Da Igreja Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Thoracic Segment ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
Median Score ◽  
Mediastinal Dissection ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
Minimal Invasion ◽  
Tracheal Bifurcation

Background: Extraluminal surgical procedures for intrathoracic tracheal collapse in dogs are not routinely performed. The patients are normally treated with different drugs or by intraluminal stents. However, in more severe cases, drug treatment does not always have good outcomes, and intraluminal prostheses can be correlated to several postoperative problems. In order to obtain better results, we aimed to develop a surgical technique for implantation of a new extraluminal helical prosthesis in the thoracic segment of the trachea through cervical access, associated with pneumatic mediastinoscopy for certification of the technique and minimization of possible complications.Materials, Methods & Results: Seven canine corpses (CCs) from non-traumatic death, weighing between 2 and 7 kg, were used. A ventral cervical approach to the trachea was associated with blunt mediastinal dissection. Trans cervical pneumatic mediastinoscopy was used for evaluation of the dissection and location of the implant. These were compared with the necropsy findings by the exact Wilcoxon two-sample test, with P < 0.05. The results of necropsy and mediastinoscopy did not present significant differences at P < 0.05. During the examinations, the presence of some mediastinal visceral lesions caused by the prosthesis, the integrity of the mediastinum and possible lesions to RLN and blood vessels (BV) were analyzed. We also investigated the location of the distal part of the prosthesis in the thoracic segment of the trachea and its dissection. To evaluate the technique, statistical comparison was made between mediastinoscopy and necropsy findings. The data were compared by the Wilcoxon test at 5% probability. The tracheas of all CCs were efficiently dissected, but in some cases problems that can happen during the procedure were noticed. This was checked by mediastinoscopy and confirmed by necropsy. The median of the scores was 1 (good dissection and visualization), with variance of zero for mediastinoscopy and 0.14 for necropsy. In the mediastinoscopy of one CC, the prosthesis crossed the tracheal bifurcation, involving the posterior vessels of this region, which was confirmed by necropsy. However, the dissection showed no vascular lesions. The integrity of the mediastinum was assessed only by mediastinoscopy. There was no impairment caused by any of the procedures performed. This resulted in a median score of 1 (integrity) with zero variance. When the positioning of the prosthesis was evaluated in relation to the tracheal bifurcation, identical values were obtained by both methods. The median score was 1, with variance of 0.62. No statistical differences were found between the two evaluation methods for the analyzed variables. This demonstrates the strong potential of the proposed evaluation techniques.Discussion: Our results show that the execution of the technique is possible, but some complications may occur. Mediastinoscopy as an evaluation procedure can pose some complications, these considerations are important, but by using technique proposed in this study, these factors are minimized due to the ease of technical implantation of the extraluminal tracheal stent, without the need for several instruments competing in the inflated mediastinal space. We concluded that the technique is viable and a safe method with minimal invasion for investigation and treatment of mediastinal diseases, presenting low impairment of the paratracheal structures, and that mediastinoscopy can be used as a transoperative evaluation method to minimize complications.

scholarly journals PELATIHAN OUTBOUND UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SELF EFFICACY PADA SISWA SMK

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syarifah Ivonesti ◽  
Rany Fitriany ◽  
Laily Maghviroh
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
The Self ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Vocational School ◽  
Vocational Students ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
The One ◽  
Related Sample

ABSTRACT: OUTBOND TRAINING TO INCREASE SELF EFFICACY IN VOCATIONAL SCHOOL STUDENT This study aims to see the effect of outbound training in increasing self-efficacy of vocational students. Data collection using a self-efficacy scale, interviews and observations. The research design used was The one Group Pretest-postest Design. The analysis used two related sample tests with the Wilcoxon test and qualitative analysis to describe the effect of outbound training to increase self-efficacy in vocational students. The results showed that there was an effect of outbound training on the self-efficacy of vocational students. The influence is positive, which means that when vocational students receive outbound training, the self-efficacy of vocational students will get positive changes related to self-efficacy. Keywords: Outbond Training, Self efficacy, Vocational Students Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pelatihan outbound dalam meningkatkan self efficacy siswa SMK. Pengumpulan data menggunakan skala self efficacy, wawancara dan observasi. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah The one Group Pretest-postest Design. Analisis menggunakan two related sample test dengan uji Wilcoxon dan analisis kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh pelatihan outbound untuk meningkatkan self efficacy pada siswa SMK. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh pelatihan outbound terhadap self efficacy siswa SMK. Adapun bentuk pengaruhnya adalah positif, yang artinya ketika siswa SMK mendapatkan pelatihan outbound maka self efficacy siswa SMK akan mendapatkan perubahan yang positif terkait self efficacynya. Kata kunci: Pelatihan Oubound, Self Efficacy, Siswa SMK

Development of the machining producibility evaluation method: Quantitative machining producibility evaluation for various processes

2002 ◽  
Vol 216 (5) ◽  
pp. 761-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Ohashi ◽  
S Arimoto ◽  
S Miyakawa
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
Metal Working ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Design Quality ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Processing Cost ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
Cent Error

The machining producibility evaluation model (MEM) was developed to assess design quality quantitatively for easier processing of parts and products. It is constructed on the basis of product and process modelling and covers cutting and grinding, metal working, welding, moulding, die-casting and casting. The main features of the MEM are Quantitative evaluation is carried out by means of an easy-to-understand 100-point scale, and processing cost is estimated within a ±15 per cent error. It is an easy method to both learn and use, employing approximately 20 basic symbols and five supplementary elements. This paper provides a description of the theory, the evaluation procedure and the accuracy of the method, and gives application examples.

Design Aspects of Green Water Loading on FPSOs

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bas Buchner ◽  
Joaqui´n Lopez-Cortijo Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Green Water ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
Design Evaluation ◽  
Water Impact ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Water Problem ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Empirical Design

Green water is a significant problem for floating ship-type offshore structures, which needs to be assessed in the early design of the structure. First the present paper summarises a new semi-empirical design evaluation procedure that can assist in this design process. Then the practical design considerations related to the green water problem are discussed. There are different ways to solve the green water problem for a particular structure at a specific location: • Design the vessel and structures on the deck against the predicted green water impact load levels. • Optimise the bow shape (underwater shape and above water bow flare). • Increase the freeboard height such that green water is prevented completely. • Increase the freeboard height such that the green water loads are reduced to acceptable levels and design for these load levels. • Optimise the structures on the deck to minimise the green water impact loads. • Use protecting breakwaters in front of critical structures on the deck. All these options have their advantages and disadvantages. The semi-empirical design evaluation method and the different design options are discussed in a case study, focussing on a new DP FPSO concept.

Introduction of CASS Pipe Flaw Evaluation of JSME Rules on Fitness for Service

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiminobu Hojo
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Limit Load ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
Screening Criteria ◽  
Steel Pipes ◽  
Evaluation Procedures ◽  
Degradation Models ◽  
Fracture Tests ◽  
Cast Stainless Steel

Abstract This paper summarizes the revised flaw evaluation procedures for cast austenitic stainless steel (CASS) pipe of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME) rules on fitness for service (FFS) in 2018 addenda. The revision includes the introduction of thermal aging degradation models for stressstrain curve and fracture resistance (J-R) curve, application of a screening criteria for the fracture evaluation procedure of cast stainless steel pipes, and introduction of a new critical stress parameter for the limit load evaluation method of a shallow flaw with a flaw depth to thickness ratio of less than or equal to 0.5. These revisions are based on a large database of specimen tests and several fracture tests of flat plate and large pipe models using thermally aged material, which have already been published.

Thermal Fatigue Evaluation Method of Pipes by Equivalent Stress Amplitude

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takafumi Suzuki ◽  
Naoto Kasahara
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Damage ◽  
Thermal Fatigue ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Stress Amplitude ◽  
Equivalent Stress ◽  
Safety Margin ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
Fatigue Evaluation ◽  
High Cycle Thermal Fatigue ◽  
Equivalent Stress Amplitude

In recent years, reports have increased which are about failure cases caused by high cycle thermal fatigue both at light water reactors and fast breeder reactors. One of the biggest reasons of the cases is a turbulent mixing at a Tee-junction, where hot and cold temperature fluids are mixed, in a coolant system. In order to prevent thermal fatigue failures at Tee-junctions, The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME) published the guideline S017-2003 (or JSME guideline) which is an evaluation method of high cycle thermal fatigue damage at a nuclear piping. It has some limitations in terms of its inconstant safety margin and its complexity in evaluation procedure, however. In order to solve these limitations, this paper proposes a new evaluation method of thermal fatigue damage with use of the “equivalent stress amplitude” which represents random temperature fluctuation effects on thermal fatigue damage. Because this new method makes methodology of evaluation clear and concise, it will contribute to improving the guideline for thermal fatigue evaluation.

Evaluating behavioral process similarity of mechanical products in redesign for functional adaptability

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (12) ◽  
pp. 2211-2222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Yang ◽  
Yi-Min Deng
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
Behavioral Process ◽  
Mechanical Products ◽  
Behavior Characteristics

Functional adaptability makes a product not only multifunctional but also compact in structure and flexible in application. An adaptable-function mechanical product generally demonstrates various degrees of similarity in its behavioral processes for different adaptable functions. Evaluation of this similarity is an important aspect of research for the design of such products, especially for redesigning existing products towards functional adaptability. Until present there lacks research on the design and development of this specific kind of products, including the work on the similarity evaluation of their behavioral processes. To address this problem, this paper investigates the functional and structural characteristics of adaptable-function products first. Based on this, by applying the function-behavior-structure design rationale, a redesign framework of mechanical product for functional adaptability was proposed, and the similarity characteristic of behavioral process was investigated, both on that of the behavior structure and that of behavior characteristics. Furthermore, the paper applied a fuzzy mathematics method for the evaluation of behavioral process similarity, for which a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model was constructed and the corresponding evaluation method was proposed. Finally, a mini-combined machine tool with adaptable-functions was taken as an example to analyze the behavioral processes and to illustrate the proposed similarity evaluation procedure. The results demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed methodologies.

Evaluation Method of Response Reliability During an Accident and its Applicability to Fast Reactor Plants

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki Suzuki ◽  
Kazuyuki Demachi ◽  
Shigeru Takaya ◽  
Yoshitaka Chikazawa
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Fast Reactor ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Severe Accident ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
System Safety ◽  
Recovery Capacity ◽  
Safety Function

In this study, we develop new indices that evaluate the response capability — response margin and response reliability — of a nuclear power plant in case of occurrence of a severe accident by considering the ability of the nuclear power plant to recover system safety functions, which may have been affected by the accident, to the minimum safety values. Further, we demonstrate a specific evaluation procedure for our proposed indices. While performing the evaluation, we consider margins with respect to a minimum safety function level and a time constraint along with their temporal changes. Additionally, for a simplified fast reactor (FR) plant model, we conduct a trial assessment of the recovery capacity of the system to ensure system safety based on the concept of new indices. Further, the applicability of the response reliability evaluation method to FR plants is discussed based on the viewpoints of reflecting the characteristics of each reactor type.

Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method for Electric Safety in Plants and Mines

2010 ◽  
Vol 40-41 ◽  
pp. 398-403
Author(s):  
Jing Jiang ◽  
Xue Song Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Electrical Safety ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
Hazard Evaluation ◽  
Hierarchy Theory ◽  
The Evaluation System

In this paper, the analytic hierarchy theory and fuzzy mathematics method from ergonomics perspective were used to research reliability of the electrical safety evaluation system from coal mining enterprises. In view of ambiguity and randomness of the evaluation system, the multi-level electrical hazard evaluation system was established and the objective weights were calculated on expert consultation method. Finally, the evaluation procedure and evaluation model from a large coal mining enterprises was given. The experimental results show that the evaluation system has a certain engineering value.

scholarly journals Evaluation Method for Closed Cycle Gas Turbines in Cogeneration Applications

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Daudet ◽  
S. W. Trimble
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Capital Costs

The utilization of coal-fired closed cycle gas turbine/atmospheric fluidized bed (CCGT/AFB) electrical power generating plants for cogeneration was investigated in a Department of Energy-sponsored study program conducted by The Garrett Corporation. Both industrial process and district heating and cooling applications in the 10- to 50-MWe range were considered. An evaluation procedure was developed in which cogeneration plant capital, operating, maintenance, and financing costs are calculated and compared with the cost of providing equivalent services by traditional methods. Computer optimized conceptual designs of the CCGT/AFB plants were prepared, and performance and capital costs were estimated. A broad spectrum of applications including towns, military bases, universities, and industrial processes was surveyed. This paper presents the general evaluation procedure, typical plant designs, and the evaluation of two applications.

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