scholarly journals Exhaled 15-HETE and thromboxin-B2 are associated with the therapeutic outcome in childhood asthma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Chen Chen ◽  
Hsu-Min Tseng ◽  
Ming-Ling Kuo ◽  
Chih-Yung Chiu ◽  
Sui-Ling Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
Steroid Responsiveness

Background: Dysregulation of eicosanoids is associated with asthma and a composite of oxylipins, including exhaled LTB4, characterizes childhood asthma. While FeNO has been used as the standard for monitoring steroid responsiveness, the potential utility of eicosanoids in monitoring the therapeutic outcomes remains unclear. We aimed to examine the levels of major eicosanoids representing different metabolic pathways in exhaled breath condensates (EBCs) of children with asthma during exacerbation and after treatment. Methods: Levels of 6 exhaled eicosanoid species in asthmatic children and healthy subjects were evaluated using ELISA. Results: In addition to those previously reported, including LTB4, the levels of exhaled 15-HETE, but not TXB2, showed significant difference between asthmatics (N=318) and healthy controls (N=97), particularly the severe group showed the lowest levels of exhaled 15-HETE. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses revealed similar distinguishing power for the levels of 15-HETE, FEV1 and FeNO, whilethe 15-HETE/LTB4 ratio was significantly lower in subjects with severe asthma (p<0.01). Analysis of asthmatics (N=75) during exacerbation and convalescence showed significant improvement in lung function (FEV1; p<0.001), but not FeNO, concomitant with significantly increased levels of 15-HETE (p<0.001) and reduced levels of TXB2 (p<0.05) after therapy, particularly for those who at the top 30% level during exacerbation. Further, decreased LTB4 and LXA4 at convalescence were noted only in those at the top 30 percentile during exacerbation. Conclusion: The exhaled 15-HETE was found to discriminate childhood asthma while decreased levels of exhaled TXB2 and increased levels of 15-HETE were prominent after treatment.

The Montelukast Therapy in Asthmatic Children with and without Food Allergy: Does It Make Any Difference?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Umit Murat Sahiner ◽  
Ebru Arik Yilmaz ◽  
Sara Fontanella ◽  
Sadia Haider ◽  
Ozge Soyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Asthma Morbidity ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children With Asthma

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Children with food allergy are at increased risk for asthma and asthma morbidity. Since leukotrienes are implicated in the pathogenesis of both asthma and probably in food allergies, we hypothesized that asthmatic children with concomitant food allergy may have a favorable response to antileukotriene treatment. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Asthmatic children aged 6–18 years with and without food allergy were treated with montelukast and placebo in a double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over parallel-group study. The primary outcome of the study was improvement in FEV1%. Asthma control tests, spirometry and methacholine challenges were performed as well as Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) levels. PGD2, CystLT, and lipoxin levels were measured in exhaled breath condensate (EBC). <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 113 children were enrolled and 87 completed the study in accordance with the protocol. At baseline, children with food allergy and asthma (FAA) had higher levels of PGD2 and CysLT levels in the EBC than children with asthma alone (AA) (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001 for each). In the montelukast arm, although FEV1% was significantly higher in the FAA group compared to AA (<i>p</i> = 0.005), this effect was linked to the baseline difference of FEV1% between both arms. Montelukast treatment failed to improve FEV1% in both groups compared to the placebo. No effect of montelukast was observed in the remaining study parameters. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Although children with FAA do not show a more favorable response to montelukast treatment compared to AA, a significant difference between baseline PGD2 and CystLT levels between FAA and AA groups may point to a different endotype of childhood asthma.

scholarly journals Correlation between vitamin D serum level and total IgE in asthmatic children

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Vesna Micevska ◽  
Tatjana Jakovska Mareti ◽  
Ilija Kirovski ◽  
Olivera Jordanova
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
P Value ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Total Ige ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Chronical Disease

Asthma is a chronical disease of the airways characterized by reversible obstruction of the bronchi and airway inflammation. In recent decades, the scientific interest of the vitamin D system and its role in development of asthma and other alergic diseases has been increased. Aims of this study are to mesure and compare the serum level of 25 OHD in asthmatic and healthy children and corelate the level of 25OHD and total IgE in asthmatic children. This prospective study includes 70 children at age 2 to 14, of which 32 are children with diagnosed asthma and 38 healthy children. In both  of the groups the serum level of 25 OHD was measured  and by the results 18 % of the healthy children (C) and 28% of the asthma children (E) had 25OHD  deficiency, 45%  of C and 50% of E were insufficient and 37 % of C / 22% of E were with normal 25 OHD serum level. The mean level of 25OHD in C was 27,83 +/- 10,24 and in E 20,9 ng/ml +/- 10,72. The mean levels in both groups had statistic significant difference with p-value < 0,05. According to age no statistic significant difference was found in both of the groups. There was a statisticaly significant decreased serum level of 25 OHD in asthmatic females.In the examined group (children with asthma) there was a negative linear correlation (association) of the level of 25OHD and total IgE serum level with r=- 0,55  Vitamin D serum level measurements in asthma patients gives the possibility for discovering the connection between its deficiency and development of asthma symptoms.

scholarly journals Cough Syncope Mimicking Epilepsy in Asthmatic Children

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. A. Haslam ◽  
Bruno Freigang
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Cerebral Anoxia ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Pediatric Clinic ◽  
Children With Asthma

ABSTRACT:Cough syncope is a more common complication of childhood asthma than formerly recognized. We report twelve children with typical cough syncope who were identified in a pediatric clinic over a period spanning seven years. The condition may be confused with epilepsy because of frequently associated brief clonic convulsive movements during the height of the cerebral anoxia. Cough syncope is readily distinguished from epilepsy by a thorough history. The management and prevention of cough syncope is directed at the aggressive control of bronchospasm in children with asthma.

scholarly journals Asthma and periodontal health in children

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 1202-1208
Author(s):  
Bojana Davidovic ◽  
Mirjana Ivanovic ◽  
Dejan Bokonjic ◽  
Svjetlana Jankovic ◽  
Jelena Eric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Gingival Index ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children With Asthma

Background/Aim. Oral health is an important part of overall health. Good oral health is important for oral diseases prevention and health maintenance of respiratory system. The aim of the study was to evaluate oral hygiene and periodontal health parameters of asthmatic children and to compare them with children without asthma as well as to evaluate those parameters according to type of used medications and time of taking medications in children with asthma. Methods. This epidemiological study included 68 children with asthma and 68 children without asthma or any other chronic disease aged from 6 to 16 years. Parameters used in this study were Greene-Vermillion index, L?e-Silness gingival index and Community Periodontal Index (CPI). Results. Good oral hygiene (31.1%) was more present in children without asthma whereas poor hygiene (20.0%) was more frequent in children with asthma (p < 0.001). Healthy gingiva was more frequent in children without asthma (25%) while mild (58.8%) and moderate gingival inflammation (5.9%) were more frequent in the group of children with asthma (p < 0.01). Mean CPI values were higher in children with asthma (p < 0.001). Mean values of Plaque Index, Gingival Index and CPI did not show statistically significant difference in relation to type of administered medication. However, taking medications in the afternoon was related to higher mean values of Plaque Index and Gingival Index (p < 0.05) within the group of children with asthma. Conclusion. Children with asthma had poorer oral hygiene and were diagnosed with greater values of oral hygiene and periodontal indices compared with the group of children without asthma. For this reason, it is necessary to promote oral health and establish good oral hygiene habits in asthmatic children.

scholarly journals Study of Clinical Characteristics and Cytokine Profiles of Asthmatic Children with Rhinovirus Infection during Acute Asthma Exacerbation at National Hospital of Pediatrics

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thuy Nguyen-Thi-Dieu ◽  
Huong Le-Thi-Thu ◽  
Huong Le-Thi-Minh ◽  
An Pham-Nhat ◽  
Sy Duong-Quy
Keyword(s):  
Asthma Exacerbation ◽  
Acute Asthma ◽  
Cytokine Profile ◽  
Severe Exacerbation ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leucocytes ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Acute Asthma Exacerbation

Background. In children with asthma, the viral infection of airways is usually a main cause of acute asthma exacerbation and hospitalization. However, few studies on clinical and biomolecular characteristics of asthmatic children in this field have been done, especially in emergent countries. Objective. This study described the clinical and biological characteristics of asthmatic children who had acute asthma exacerbation and rhinovirus (RV) infection. Methods. Children under 15 years of age hospitalized for acute asthma exacerbation were included. They underwent clinical examination and peripheral blood analyses for the cytokine profile. The severity of acute asthma exacerbation was evaluated by Pediatric Asthma Score (PAS). Healthy children under 15 years of age were also invited in this study. Results. One hundred fifteen asthmatic children were included in this study. There were 18.2% of mild PAS, 37.4% of moderate PAS, and 44.4% of severe PSA. Among them, 63/115 (54.8%) asthmatic children had positive RV infection (RV+). The percentages of asthmatic children with RV+ had increased polymorphonuclear leucocytes were significantly higher than asthmatic children with RV−. There were no significant differences of the concentrations of non-Th2-related cytokines in asthmatic children with RV− and RV+. The concentration of Th2-related cytokines (IL-5 and IL-13) in asthmatic children with RV+ was significantly higher than those with RV−. However, there was no significant difference for the cytokine profile between mild, moderate, and severe asthma. Conclusion. RV infection is a main cause of acute asthma exacerbation in children with asthma. The increase of Th2-related cytokines, especially IL-5 and IL-13, is a relevant biomarker for RV infection in asthmatic children with severe exacerbation.

scholarly journals Metabolomic Analysis Reveals Distinct Profiles in the Plasma and Urine Associated with IgE Reactions in Childhood Asthma

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 887
Author(s):  
Chih-Yung Chiu ◽  
Mei-Ling Cheng ◽  
Meng-Han Chiang ◽  
Chia-Jung Wang ◽  
Ming-Han Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Allergic Sensitization ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Children With Asthma

Several metabolomics studies have identified altered metabolic pathways that are related to asthma. However, an integrative analysis of the metabolic responses across blood and urine for a comprehensive framework of asthma in early childhood remains lacking. Fifty-four age-matched children with asthma (n = 28) and healthy controls (n = 26) were enrolled. Metabolome analysis of the plasma and urine samples was performed using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy coupled with partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Integrated analysis of blood and urine metabolic profiling related to IgE reactions for childhood asthma was investigated. A significantly higher plasma histidine level was found, in parallel with lower urinary 1-methylnicotinamide and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels, in children with asthma compared to healthy controls. Compared to children without allergic sensitization, 11 (92%) plasma metabolites and 8 (80%) urinary metabolites were found to be significantly different in children with IgE and food sensitization respectively. There were significant correlations between the plasma 3-hydroxybutyric acid and excreted volumes of the hydroxy acids, which were strongly correlated to plasma leucine and valine levels. Urine N-phenylacetylglycine, a microbial-host co-metabolite, was strongly correlated with total serum and food allergen-specific IgE levels. Plasma pyruvate and urine valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation metabolisms were significantly associated with allergic sensitization for childhood asthma. In conclusion, blood and urine metabolome reflect different metabolic pathways in allergic reactions. Plasma pyruvate metabolism to acetic acid appears to be associated with serum IgE production, whereas urine branched-chain amino acid metabolism primarily reflects food allergic reactions against allergies.

Quality of Life in Children with Asthma as a Marker of Clinical Stability

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Cvejoska-Cholakovska ◽  
Emilija Vlaski ◽  
Vesna Velic-Stefanovska
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Asthma Control ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Hospital Facility ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
The University ◽  
Clinical Stability

Abstract Introduction. In order to improve asthma control, in the last decades an emphasis has been put on the assessment of quality of life (QL). The aim of the study was to assess the role of the Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ) in order to assess the QL as a marker of clinical stability in asthmatic children. Methods. A total of 64 asthmatic children aged 7-17 years treated in an outpatient/hospital facility within the University Children’s Hospital in Skopje during 2 years were investigated. The children were assessed 3 times during a period of 3 months. To assess the asthma control the Clinical Stability Score (CSS) was used, and for the assessment of the QL the Macedonian version of the PAQLQ from Elizabeth Juniper was used, consisting of 23 questions organized into three domains: symptoms, activities, and emotions. The data were statistically analyzed using Statistica for Windows, version 7.0 and SPSS 14. Results. An increase in the average values of the PAQLQ scores was established, which means better control of asthma by the end of the 3-month follow-up. There was no statistically significant difference in the QL changes and the age of asthmatic children regarding all three domains and the overall score. Better PAQLQ scores were detected in children with better CSS. A significant improvement of all the PAQLQ scores in the case of beginning the inhaled corticosteroid therapy during the study was found. According to CSS, all of the children were classified as stable (good QL) at the end of the study compared to 78% stability at the beginning of the study. Conclusions. The Macedonian version of the PAQLQ can be used for assessment of the effects of anti-inflammatory therapy and for attainment of complete asthma control in children between 7 and 17 years of age.

scholarly journals LEPTIN AND ADIPONECTIN LEVELS OF ASTHMATIC IRAQI CHILDREN IN HILLA PROVINCE

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Afrah Al Nazarmamoori ◽  
Mufeedjalil Ewadh ◽  
Suhayr Essa Alqaysi
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
And Control ◽  
Age And Sex

Objective: To assess the serum leptin and adiponectin in Iraqi children with asthma and compare it with healthy controls in Hilla province.Methods: Leptin and adiponectin were measured in 100 children; 60 newly diagnosed with asthma and 40 non-asthmatic children with a comparable age and sex were enrolled in this study. Asthmatic children subdivided into two groups; 30 patients in each group (obese and non-obese). The age of patients and control ranged between 2 and 12 years. The study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, leptin and adiponectin were estimated by enzyme-linked immunoassay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique.Results: An increase in leptin and decrease adiponectin levels in the obese group than in non-obese asthmatic and control groups, with significant difference (p<0.04) and (p<0.03), respectively.Conclusion: Among obese asthmatic Iraqi children, increase and decrease levels of leptin and adiponectin, respectively, indicate the significant association between adipokines and obesity in asthma. 

scholarly journals Could IL-6 predict the clinical severity of COVID-19?

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guzin Aykal ◽  
Hatice Esen ◽  
Derya Seyman ◽  
Tuğba Çalışkan
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Longitudinal Analyses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
Operating Characteristic Curve ◽  
Excessive Inflammatory Response

Abstract Objectives An excessive inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 is thought to be a major cause of disease severity in COVID-19. The aim herein was to determine the prognostic value of IL-6, and demonstrate the comparison between IL-6 and related parameters in COVID-19. Methods Data were collected from 115 COVID-19 patients. Results The median age was 46.04 years in the mild group, 56.42 years in the moderate group, and 62.92 years in the severe group (p=0.001). There was a significant difference in the hospitalized clinic to intensive care unit ratio among the patients (p<0.001). The IL-6 values were significantly higher in the severe group than those in the mild (p=0.04) and moderate groups (p=0.043). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for IL-6, as predictor of severe clinical condition, was 0.864 (95% CI 0.765–0.963 p=0.000). The longitudinal analyses showed that the severe group presented with significantly increased IL-6 levels during hospitalization. Conclusions IL‐6 seemed to be a guide in the early diagnosis of severe COVID-19 and an ideal marker for monitoring negative outcome.

scholarly journals Household mold exposure interacts with inflammation-related genetic variants on childhood asthma: a case–control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Li Hua ◽  
Quan-Hua Liu ◽  
Shu-Yuan Chu ◽  
Yue-Xin Gan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Additive Interaction ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Mold Exposure ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background A number of studies have examined the association between mold exposure and childhood asthma. However, the conclusions were inconsistent, which might be partly attributable to the lack of consideration of gene function, especially the key genes affecting the pathogenesis of childhood asthma. Research on the interactions between genes and mold exposure on childhood asthma is still very limited. We therefore examined whether there is an interaction between inflammation-related genes and mold exposure on childhood asthma. Methods A case–control study with 645 asthmatic children and 910 non-asthmatic children aged 3–12 years old was conducted. Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in inflammation-related genes were genotyped using MassARRAY assay. Mold exposure was defined as self-reported visible mold on the walls. Associations between visible mold exposure, SNPs and childhood asthma were evaluated using logistic regression models. In addition, crossover analyses were used to estimate the gene-environment interactions on childhood asthma on an additive scale. Results After excluding children without information on visible mold exposure or SNPs, 608 asthmatic and 839 non-asthmatic children were included in the analyses. Visible mold exposure was reported in 151 asthmatic (24.8%) and 119 non-asthmatic children (14.2%) (aOR 2.19, 95% CI 1.62–2.97). The rs7216389 SNP in gasdermin B gene (GSDMB) increased the risk of childhood asthma with each C to T substitution in a dose-dependent pattern (additive model, aOR 1.32, 95% CI 1.11–1.57). Children carrying the rs7216389 T allele and exposed to visible mold dramatically increased the risk of childhood asthma (aOR 3.21; 95% CI 1.77–5.99). The attributable proportion due to the interaction (AP: 0.47, 95% CI 0.03–0.90) and the relative excess risk due to the interaction (RERI: 1.49, 95% CI 0–2.99) were statistically significant. Conclusions In the present study, there was a significant additive interaction between visible mold exposure and rs7216389 SNP on childhood asthma. Future studies need to consider the gene-environment interactions when exploring the risk factors of childhood asthma.

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