Seasonal changes in environmental conditions are not driving migration in seabirds

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.22541/au.161839018.82669573/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Charlotte Lambert ◽

Jérôme Fort

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Success ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Seasonal Changes ◽

Global Scale ◽

Migratory Species ◽

Niche Dynamics ◽

Main Driver ◽

Breeding Grounds ◽

Migratory Status ◽

Resource Shortage

Migration is often thought to be driven by poor environmental conditions during one season and to permit avoidance of harsh weather or resource shortage and tracking of more favourable conditions. Here, we tested this hypothesis in seabirds at the global scale by quantifying niche occupancy during the breeding and non-breeding periods over multiple marine ecoregions and exploring whether the niche dynamics reflects changes in environmental conditions at the breeding and non-breeding grounds. We demonstrate that migratory species exhibit more divergent seasonal niches than resident and dispersive ones. In most cases, migratory status was not related to unavailability of favourable conditions at the breeding or non-breeding grounds, suggesting that niche availability is not the main driver of migration. We hypothesize that this unexpected pattern might arise from strong constraints imposed on seabirds by scarcity of suitable sites breeding which constrain the range of environments available for optimizing reproductive success.

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Manipulating individual state during migration provides evidence for carry-over effects modulated by environmental conditions

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2011.1351 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 279 (1730) ◽

pp. 876-883 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Pierre Legagneux ◽

Peter L. F. Fast ◽

Gilles Gauthier ◽

Joël Bêty

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Success ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Residual Effects ◽

Long Distance ◽

Food Treatment ◽

In Captivity ◽

Breeding Grounds ◽

Carry Over ◽

Access To Food

Despite observational evidence of carry-over effects (COEs, events occurring in one season that produce residual effects on individuals the following seasons), to our knowledge no experimental studies have been carried out to explore how COEs might affect reproductive output. We simulated an environmental perturbation affecting spring-staging migrants to investigate COEs in greater snow geese ( Anser caerulescens atlanticus ). During three consecutive years, 2037 females captured during spring staging (approx. 3000 km south of their Arctic breeding grounds) were maintained in captivity (with or without access to food) for 0–4 days. Duration of captivity (but not food treatment) negatively affected reproductive success, probably through stress response. Reproductive success was reduced by 45–71% in 2 years, but not in a third year with unusually favourable breeding conditions. This unprecedented manipulation indicates that COEs can have a strong effect on individual reproductive success in long-distance migrants, but that this effect can be partly compensated for by good environmental conditions on the breeding ground.

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Maintaining the Camps

10.1093/oso/9780190842062.003.0004 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Connie Y. Chiang

Keyword(s):

Environmental Conditions ◽

Seasonal Changes ◽

Natural World ◽

Japanese American ◽

Alkaline Soil ◽

Water Pipelines ◽

American Labor

This chapter focuses on the maintenance of the camps. It explores how wartime shortages and Japanese American labor protests intersected with harsh environmental conditions, complicating the WRA’s efforts to keep the camps running smoothly. One of the first challenges was finding adequate coal to heat the camps during the winter. The WRA then confronted the protests of detainees, who called attention to how seasonal changes added to their labor duties. Alkaline soil, moreover, ate away at water pipelines and required constant repairs. The natural world helped to shape modes of Japanese American resistance, as some individuals refused to work or went on strike.

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Integrating tracking and resight data enables unbiased inferences about migratory connectivity and winter range survival from archival tags

The Condor ◽

10.1093/ornithapp/duab010 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Clark S Rushing ◽

Aimee M Van Tatenhove ◽

Andrew Sharp ◽

Viviana Ruiz-Gutierrez ◽

Mary C Freeman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transition Probabilities ◽

Eastern United States ◽

Migratory Connectivity ◽

Migratory Species ◽

Pet Trade ◽

Winter Range ◽

Archival Tags ◽

Breeding Grounds ◽

Unbiased Estimates ◽

Further Development

Abstract Archival geolocators have transformed the study of small, migratory organisms but analysis of data from these devices requires bias correction because tags are only recovered from individuals that survive and are re-captured at their tagging location. We show that integrating geolocator recovery data and mark–resight data enables unbiased estimates of both migratory connectivity between breeding and nonbreeding populations and region-specific survival probabilities for wintering locations. Using simulations, we first demonstrate that an integrated Bayesian model returns unbiased estimates of transition probabilities between seasonal ranges. We also used simulations to determine how different sampling designs influence the estimability of transition probabilities. We then parameterized the model with tracking data and mark–resight data from declining Painted Bunting (Passerina ciris) populations breeding in the eastern United States, hypothesized to be threatened by the illegal pet trade in parts of their Caribbean, nonbreeding range. Consistent with this hypothesis, we found that male buntings wintering in Cuba were 20% less likely to return to the breeding grounds than birds wintering elsewhere in their range. Improving inferences from archival tags through proper data collection and further development of integrated models will advance our understanding of the full annual cycle ecology of migratory species.

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Environmental conditions but not nest composition affect reproductive success in an urban bird

Ecology and Evolution ◽

10.1002/ece3.7234 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 3084-3092

Author(s):

Pablo Capilla‐Lasheras ◽

Blanca Bondía ◽

José I. Aguirre

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Success ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Urban Bird

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A longitudinal study of humpback whales in Irish waters

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315414002033 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 96 (4) ◽

pp. 877-883 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Conor Ryan ◽

Pádraig Whooley ◽

Simon D. Berrow ◽

Colin Barnes ◽

Nick Massett ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

North Atlantic ◽

Spatial Scales ◽

Humpback Whales ◽

Migratory Species ◽

The Public ◽

Photo Identification ◽

The North ◽

Breeding Grounds ◽

Eastern North Atlantic

Knowledge on the ecology of humpback whales in the eastern North Atlantic is lacking by comparison with most other ocean basins. Humpback whales were historically over-exploited in the region and are still found in low relative abundances. This, coupled with their large range makes them difficult to study. With the aim of informing more effective conservation measures in Ireland, the Irish Whale and Dolphin Group began recording sightings and images suitable for photo-identification of humpback whales from Irish waters in 1999. Validated records submitted by members of the public and data from dedicated surveys were analysed to form a longitudinal study of individually recognizable humpback whales. The distribution, relative abundance and seasonality of humpback whale sighting records are presented, revealing discrete important areas for humpback whales in Irish coastal waters. An annual easterly movement of humpback whales along the southern coast of Ireland is documented, mirroring that of their preferred prey: herring and sprat. Photo-identification images were compared with others collected throughout the North Atlantic (N = 8016), resulting in matches of two individuals between Ireland and Iceland, Norway and the Netherlands but no matches to known breeding grounds (Cape Verde and West Indies). This study demonstrates that combining public records with dedicated survey data is an effective approach to studying low-density, threatened migratory species over temporal and spatial scales that are relevant to conservation and management.

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Seasonal changes in condition and biochemical composition of the scallop Pecten maximus L. from suspended culture in the Ria de Arousa (Galicia, N.W. Spain) in relation to environmental conditions

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology ◽

10.1016/s0022-0981(96)02724-4 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 211 (2) ◽

pp. 169-193 ◽

Cited By ~ 71

Author(s):

A.J. Pazos ◽

G. Román ◽

C.P. Acosta ◽

M. Abad ◽

J.L. Sánchez

Keyword(s):

Environmental Conditions ◽

Seasonal Changes ◽

Biochemical Composition ◽

Pecten Maximus ◽

Suspended Culture

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Lifetime reproductive success in a population of female red kangaroos Macropus rufus in the sheep rangelands of western New South Wales: Environmental effects and population dynamics

Australian Mammalogy ◽

10.1071/am04045 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 45 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

AD Bilton ◽

DB Croft

Keyword(s):

Population Dynamics ◽

Reproductive Success ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Reproductive Potential ◽

Lifetime Reproductive Success ◽

South Wales ◽

Macropus Rufus ◽

Initial Starting

Female reproductive success and the recruitment of offspring to the next generation are key components of animal population dynamics. With an annual commercial harvest of between 13 and 22% of the red kangaroo (Macropus rufus) population, it is increasingly important that these processes are understood. We used data on the reproductive success of 33 free-ranging female M. rufus on Fowlers Gap station in far western New South Wales to determine the expected lifetime reproductive success (LRS) of females within an unharvested population. We also designed a model to generate predictions about female LRS incorporating empirical relationships between a mother?s reproductive success and maternal age, environmental conditions and the sex and survivorship of a previous reproductive attempt. Results from observations on female LRS (calculated from annual weaning rates) and those generated by the model predict that female M. rufus on ?Fowlers Gap? wean, on average, 3.7 young in a lifetime (ranges 0 - 11 and 0 - 20, respectively); representing only 41% of their maximum reproductive potential. Manipulation of initial starting conditions allowed the effect of varying environmental conditions on female LRS to be explored. The condition of the environment when females commence breeding does not appear to significantly affect their overall lifetime reproductive output. However, the occurrence of drought does. Females experiencing two droughts in a lifetime did not live as long and weaned fewer offspring and grandoffspring (from their daughters) than those females experiencing only one drought in a lifetime. In addition to the adverse effect of drought on the reproductive success of female M. rufus in this study, we suggest that, given the relatively high and stable population densities of M. rufus on ?Fowlers Gap?, other mechanisms (acting primarily on juvenile survival) must exist which limit population growth.

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Predicting photosynthesis and transpiration responses to ozone: decoupling modeled photosynthesis and stomatal conductance

Biogeosciences ◽

10.5194/bg-9-3113-2012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 3113-3130 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

D. Lombardozzi ◽

S. Levis ◽

G. Bonan ◽

J. P. Sparks

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Stomatal Conductance ◽

Primary Productivity ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Water Exchange ◽

Global Scale ◽

Community Land Model ◽

Climate Regulation ◽

The Tropics ◽

Tulip Poplar

Abstract. Plants exchange greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and water with the atmosphere through the processes of photosynthesis and transpiration, making them essential in climate regulation. Carbon dioxide and water exchange are typically coupled through the control of stomatal conductance, and the parameterization in many models often predict conductance based on photosynthesis values. Some environmental conditions, like exposure to high ozone (O3) concentrations, alter photosynthesis independent of stomatal conductance, so models that couple these processes cannot accurately predict both. The goals of this study were to test direct and indirect photosynthesis and stomatal conductance modifications based on O3 damage to tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) in a coupled Farquhar/Ball-Berry model. The same modifications were then tested in the Community Land Model (CLM) to determine the impacts on gross primary productivity (GPP) and transpiration at a constant O3 concentration of 100 parts per billion (ppb). Modifying the Vcmax parameter and directly modifying stomatal conductance best predicts photosynthesis and stomatal conductance responses to chronic O3 over a range of environmental conditions. On a global scale, directly modifying conductance reduces the effect of O3 on both transpiration and GPP compared to indirectly modifying conductance, particularly in the tropics. The results of this study suggest that independently modifying stomatal conductance can improve the ability of models to predict hydrologic cycling, and therefore improve future climate predictions.

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