scholarly journals Can medical education in poor rural areas be cost-effective and sustainable: the case of the Ateneo de Zamboanga University School of Medicine

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fortunato Cristobal ◽  
Paul Worley
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
School Of Medicine

Features of support of agriculture (the case of the Tyumen Region)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-48
Author(s):  
Aleksandra G. Balakhnina ◽  
Gulnara F. Romashkina
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
State Support ◽  
Budget Planning ◽  
Social Forms ◽  
Regional Budget ◽  
State Programs

This article systematizes the legal framework, forms, and volumes of support for agriculture from the federal budget of Russia and the regional budget (on the example of the Tyumen Region). The authors have performed a detailed analysis of the directions of such support for 2016-2019. The historical, economic and social features of the relationship between the state and agriculture are shown. State support for agriculture is objectively necessary, and competent budget planning makes it possible to develop. However, the dominance of direct forms of spending support does not stimulate cost-effective and innovative activities, which in the future can bring the industry to a competitive level. There is very little and irregular support for social forms, the development of farming and other forms of private farming in rural areas. The authors conclude that the policy of state support is sufficiently provided by legislative acts, resolutions and state programs. Many programs are updated, and new versions are adopted even before the previous ones expire. Such strong volatility hurts strategic projects and agricultural initiatives. Less expensive forms of activity-mediation and trade turn profitable. Living conditions in the villages significantly stay behind in quality and opportunities, which leads to the human capital leaving rural areas. The authors propose to pay more attention to the development of indirect forms of support, to stimulate economic activity and small businesses.

scholarly journals Substance Use Disorder: A Model for Integration in Undergraduate Medical Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 238212052110258
Author(s):  
Haritha Pavuluri ◽  
Nicolas Poupore ◽  
William Michael Schmidt ◽  
Samantha Gabrielle Boniface ◽  
Meenu Jindal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
The United States ◽  
University Of South Carolina ◽  
Community Recovery ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Treatment Gaps ◽  
The University

Substance Use Disorder (SUD) is a debilitating chronic illness with significant morbidity and mortality across the United States. The AAMC and LCME have supported the efforts for more effective medical education of SUD to address the existing stigma, knowledge, and treatment gaps. The Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and associated social, economic, and behavioral impacts have added to this urgency. The University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville (USCSOMG), in collaboration with community organizations, has successfully implemented an integrated SUD education curriculum for medical students. Students learn about SUD in basic sciences, receive case-based education during clinical exercises, and are provided the opportunity to become a recovery coach and participate in the patient and family recovery meetings through this curriculum during preclinical years. During the clinical years, SUD education is enhanced with exposure to Medication for Addition Treatment (MAT). Students also partake in the care coordination of patients with SUD between the hospital and community recovery organizations. All students receive MAT waiver training in their final year and are prepared to prescribe treatment for SUD upon graduation. The experiences in this integrated curriculum integration can perhaps assist other organizations to implement similar components and empower the next generation of physicians to be competent and effective in treating patients with SUD.

scholarly journals Required Longitudinal Service-Learning and Its Effects on Medical Students’ Attitudes Toward the Underserved

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Rose Arebalos ◽  
Faun Lee Botor ◽  
Edward Simanton ◽  
Jennifer Young
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Service Learning ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Preclinical Phase ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Medical Student Attitudes ◽  
The University

AbstractAlthough medical students enter medicine with altruistic motives and seek to serve indigent populations, studies show that medical students’ attitudes towards the undeserved tend to worsen significantly as they go through their medical education. This finding emphasizes the need for medical educators to implement activities such as service-learning that may help mitigate this negative trend.All students at the University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV) School of Medicine are required to participate in longitudinal service-learning throughout medical school, and a majority of students interact with the underserved at their service-learning sites. Using the previously validated Medical Student Attitudes Towards the Underserved (MSATU), independent sample T-tests showed that students who interact with underserved populations at their sites scored with significantly better attitudes towards the underserved at the end of their preclinical phase. Subjects included 58 medical students with 100% taking the MSATU. This result indicates that longitudinal service-learning, particularly when it includes interaction with the underserved, can be one method to combat the worsening of medical students’ attitudes as they complete their medical education.

scholarly journals A Pioneering Tactic for Sustainable Waste Management: Design of a Cost-Effective Recycling Machine

2018 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
A. Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
General Public ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Force Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Advantage ◽  
Vital Importance ◽  
Project Study ◽  
Original Size ◽  
Assembly Operations

In this paper we discussed the new design, fabrication and testing of a mechanical can crusher taking into deliberation the force analysis and ergonomic factors that will enable people to use this mechanical can crusher especially in Botswana rural areas. The process of crushing cans is of vital importance as it saves a percentage of space for can disposal and also makes it easier for these cans to be transported to recycling centers or landfill areas. The methods and processes used to bring this project to life include welding, cutting, bending, drilling and assembly operations. This project study is mainly about generating a new concept of a mechanical can crusher that is compact to transport from one location to another and makes can crushing easy and fascinating to the general public so as to promote people buy into crushing in Sub-Sahara market. Even though there are numerous sorts of the mechanical would crusher be able to as of now in presence, this model provides a more practical usage than previous one with the desired mechanical advantage of 10, machinability to crush the entire cans to 25% of their original size and 100% efficiency for the entire rounds.

A community-based approach to evaluation of health outcomes and costs for telepsychiatry in a rural population: Preliminary results

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 155-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Kennedy ◽  
Peter Yellowlees
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
The People

A pilot trial was established to support visiting psychiatric services and local public and private practitioners through the use of videoconferencing. The purpose of the trial was to determine whether people in the community received better health-care with telemedicine. A community-based approach was used to evaluate health outcomes, costs, utilization, accessibility, quality and needs for such services in a rural community in Queensland. Over a two-year period data were collected from 124 subjects who met the criteria of having a mental health problem or mental disorder. Nine further subjects refused to participate in the study. Only 32 subjects used videoconferencing to receive mental health services. Preliminary results did not show any significant improvements in wellbeing or quality of life, although the time span was relatively short. However, the results confirmed that the people were no worse off from a consumer or a practitioner perspective from using videoconferencing. Most consumers found that videoconferencing with a psychiatrist moderately or greatly helped them in managing their treatment, with 98% of them preferring to be offered videoconferencing in combination with local services. Overall, videoconferencing is a crucial part of enhancing psychiatry services in rural areas. However, it is not necessarily cost-effective for all consumers, general practitioners, psychiatrists, or the public mental health service.

scholarly journals Lime-Stabilized Black Cotton Soil and Brick Powder Mixture as Subbase Material

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Srikanth Reddy ◽  
A. C. S. V. Prasad ◽  
N. Vamsi Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Powder Mixture ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Flexible Pavements ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Black Cotton Soil ◽  
Brick Kilns ◽  
Brick Powder ◽  
Swelling Characteristics ◽  
Shrinkage And Swelling

Various researchers, for the past few decades, had tried to stabilize black cotton soil using lime for improving its shrinkage and swelling characteristics. But these days, the cost of lime has increased resulting in increase in need for alternative and cost effective waste materials such as fly ash and rice husk ash. Brick powder, one among the alternative materials, is a fine powdered waste that contains higher proportions of silica and is found near brick kilns in rural areas. The objective of the study is to investigate the use of lime-stabilized black cotton soil and brick powder mixture as subbase material in flexible pavements. Black cotton soil procured from the local area, tested for suitability as subbase material, turned out to be unsuitable as it resulted in very less CBR value. Even lime stabilization of black cotton soil under study has not showed up the required CBR value specified for the subbase material of flexible pavement by MORTH. Hence the lime-stabilized black cotton soil is proportioned with brick powder to obtain optimum mixture that yields a better CBR value. The mixture of 20% brick powder and 80% lime-stabilized black cotton soil under study resulted in increase in the CBR value by about 135% in comparison with lime-stabilized black cotton soil. Thus it is promising to use the mixture of brick powder and lime-stabilized black cotton soil as subbase material in flexible pavements.

scholarly journals Estimation of Building Heights and DEM Accuracy Assessment Using ICESat-2 Data Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Goddu Pavan Sai Goud ◽  
Ashutosh Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Surface Geometry

The use of remote sensing for urban monitoring is a very reliable and cost-effective method for studying urban expansion in horizontal and vertical dimensions. The advantage of multi-temporal spatial data and high data accuracy is useful in mapping urban vertical aspects like the compactness of urban areas, population expansion, and urban surface geometry. This study makes use of the ‘Ice, cloud, and land elevation satellite-2′ (ICESat-2) ATL 03 photon data for building height estimation using a sample of 30 buildings in three experimental sites. A comparison of computed heights with the heights of the respective buildings from google image and google earth pro was done to assess the accuracy and the result of 2.04 m RMSE was obtained. Another popularly used method by planners and policymakers to map the vertical dimension of urban terrain is the Digital Elevation Model (DEM). An assessment of the openly available DEM products—TanDEM-X and Cartosat-1 has been done over Urban and Rural areas. TanDEM-X is a German earth observation satellite that uses InSAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry) technique to acquire DEM while Cartosat-1 is an optical stereo acquisition satellite launched by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) that uses photogrammetric techniques for DEM acquisition. Both the DEMs have been compared with ICESat-2 (ATL-08) Elevation data as the reference and the accuracy has been evaluated using Mean error (ME), Mean absolute error (MAE) and Root mean square error (RMSE). In the case of Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC), RMSE values 5.29 m and 7.48 m were noted for TanDEM-X 90 and CartoDEM V3 R1 respectively. While the second site of Bellampalli Mandal rural area observed 5.15 and 5.48 RMSE values for the same respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that TanDEM-X has better accuracy as compared to the CartoDEM V3 R1.

scholarly journals The Medical School of the Catholic University of Croatia: Principles, Goals, Standards and Organization

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Damir Sapunar ◽  
Matko Marušić ◽  
Livia Puljak ◽  
Ivica Grković ◽  
Mario Malički ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Transformative Learning ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Original System ◽  
Social Accountability ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Catholic University ◽  
European Standards

<p>The aim of the study was to present the concept on which the School of Medicine at the Catholic University of Croatia (CUC) will be established. The new School will alleviate the shortage of physicians in Croatia and introduce an innovative form of medical education focused on principles of patient-centered care and social accountability. At the same time, the students will acquire all relevant competencies and levels of knowledge, skills and attitudes that are required by current evidence in medical education, European standards and guidelines for quality assurance at higher education institutions. The four pillars of the CUC Medical School are: 1) distributed medical education that involves health institutions outside major medical centers, 2) the concept of transformative learning, 3) teaching and practicing evidence-based medicine, and 4) implementation of quality management principles supported by information technology solutions for effective management of learning, research and practice. The overall aim of the CUC School of Medicine is to educate and train physicians capable of using best available medical evidence to deliver economically sustainable healthcare that can improve equity and health outcomes in the communities they serve, particularly those that are currently underserved.</p><p><strong>Conclusion. </strong>The proposed programme is introducing an original system of modern medical education that insists on developing humanistic aspects of medicine, patient-centred care and social accountability, while maintaining all competencies and knowledge levels that a physician should have according to the current understanding of medical education.</p>

scholarly journals Testing a community-based distribution approach to reproductive health service delivery in Senegal (a study of community agents in Kébémer)

2004 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Integrated Cost

The Division of Reproductive Health (DSR) of the Senegal Ministry of Health and Social Action, in partnership with the Population Council’s FRONTIERS in Reproductive Health program and Management Sciences for Health (MSH), conducted a study to test and compare three ways of providing reproductive health services to rural communities in the Kébémer district of Senegal in terms of their effectiveness, cost, and cost-effectiveness. FRONTIERS and MSH collaborated with the DSR to design the interventions, MSH supported the DSR in implementing the interventions, and FRONTIERS undertook the evaluation. This study, funded by USAID, responded to the recommendations of a 1999 workshop, organized by FRONTIERS and the DSR, on the community-based distribution (CBD) approach, which defined alternative CBD models appropriate for Senegal. The DSR sees the development of community-based service delivery models as essential for the future of health care in Senegal. As noted in this report, the general objective of the study was to contribute to the development of an integrated cost-effective program to increase the accessibility and availability of reproductive health information and services in rural areas of Senegal.

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