scholarly journals Clinical relevance of virological verification methods for the etiology of infectious mononucleosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
O. I. Demina ◽  
D. S. Tikhomirov ◽  
T. A. Chebotareva ◽  
L. N. Mazankova ◽  
T. A. Tupoleva
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Viral Dna ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Verification Methods ◽  
Ebv Dna ◽  
Mutually Independent

Purpose: to justify the need to use at least two methods (direct and indirect) for reliable laboratory decoding of infectious mononucleosis. Materials and methods. We observed 107 children with infectious mononucleosis. Deciphering the etiology was carried out using ELISA (We determined IgM VCA-EBV, IgG EA-EBV, IgG EBNA-EBV, IgM CMV, IgG CMV in serum) and PCR (We determined investigated viral DNA (EBV, CMV, HHV 6) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells). Results: In the structure of infectious mononucleosis, EBV remains the leading infection: 82 children (76.6%). In case of reactivated EBV infection, the isolated use of the ELISA method does not limit the possibility of interpreting the results without additional evaluation of the test results by PCR. A significantly level of viral DNA concentration in the examined children has not been established. The detection frequencies of EBV DNA and HHV 6 DNA by PCR are not mutually independent (p < 0.001). Detection of one of the viruses reduces the chance of detecting another virus (OR = 0.133; 95% CI from 0.0537 to 0.3273, p < 0.0001).

The Nature and Clinical Significance of Atypical Mononuclear Cells in Infectious Mononucleosis Caused by the Epstein-Barr Virus in Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga S Fedyanina ◽  
Anna E Filippova ◽  
Olga I Demina ◽  
Olga A Zhuliabina ◽  
Dmitry S Tikhomirov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Antibody Microarray ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Epstein Barr

Abstract Atypical mononuclear cells (AM) appear in significant numbers in peripheral blood of patients with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated infectious mononucleosis (IM). We investigated the number and lineage-specific clusters of differentiation (CD) expression of atypical mononuclear cells in 110 children with IM using the anti-CD antibody microarray for panning leukocytes by their surface markers prior to morphology examination. The AM population consisted primarily of CD8+ T cells with a small fraction (0%–2% of all lymphocytes) of CD19+ B lymphocytes. AM amount in children with mononucleosis caused by primary EBV infection was significantly higher than for IM caused by EBV reactivation or other viruses and constituted 1%–53% of all peripheral blood mononuclear cells compared to 0%–11% and 0%–8%, respectively. Children failing to recover from classic IM associated with primary EBV infection within 6 months had significantly lower percentage of CD8+ AM compared to patients with normal recovery rate.

Transient Immunodeficiency During Asymptomatic Epstein-Barr Virus Infection

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 964-967
Author(s):  
THOMAS J. BOWEN ◽  
RALPH J. WEDGWOOD ◽  
HANS D. OCHS ◽  
WERNER HENLE
Keyword(s):  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus Infection ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Immunoglobulin Synthesis ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Epstein Barr

In vivo and in vitro humoral and cellular immune responses were studied in a 2½-year-old girl immediately before, during, and after an asymptomatic infection with Epstein-Barr virus. During the acute EBV infection, the patient's peripheral blood mononuclear cells were deficient in immunoglobulin synthesis and suppressed the in vitro immunoglobulin synthesis of normal allogeneic cells. In vitro mitogen transformation of lymphocytes was reduced. In vivo antibody responses to the T cell-dependent antigens bacteriophage φX 174 and Keyhole limpet hemocyanin were markedly depressed. These studies suggest that suppressor cells induced during acute EBV infection not only suppress immunoglobulin synthesis in vitro, but also interfere with in vivo antibody synthesis.

scholarly journals Persistence and Dissemination of Simian Retrovirus Type 2 DNA in Relation to Viremia, Seroresponse, and Experimental Transmissibility in Macaca fascicularis

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (20) ◽  
pp. 10751-10759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roseanne C. Wilkinson ◽  
Claire K. Murrell ◽  
Rebecca Guy ◽  
Gail Davis ◽  
Joanna M. Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Macaca Fascicularis ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Viral Dna ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Serological Status ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells

ABSTRACT Endemic simian retrovirus (SRV) infection can cause fatal simian AIDS in Macaca fascicularis, but many individuals survive with few clinical signs. To further clarify the parameters of SRV pathogenesis, we investigated the persistence of viral DNA forms in relation to active viremia, antibody response, and transmissibility of infection. In M. fascicularis from endemically SRV-2-infected colonies, viral DNA was present in both linear and unintegrated long terminal repeat circular forms in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of all viremic and many nonviremic animals. Long-term followup of three individuals with distinct infection patterns demonstrated persistence of linear and circular forms of viral DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and tissues, irrespective of viremia or antibody status, but reactivation of latent infections was not observed. The role of viral DNA in transmission and early pathogenesis of SRV-2 was investigated by inoculation of SRV-2 DNA-positive blood into groups of naïve M. fascicularis from either a viremic or nonviremic donor and subsequent analysis of the virological and serological status of the recipients. Transmission of SRV and development of anti-SRV antibodies were only observed in recipients of blood from the viremic donor; transfer of SRV provirus and unintegrated circular DNA in blood from the nonviremic donor did not lead to infection of the recipients. These results indicate that a proportion of M. fascicularis are able to effectively control the replication and infectivity of SRV despite long-term persistence of viral DNA forms in infected lymphocytes.

scholarly journals 1792. Viral DNA Loads in Various Blood Components of Patients with EBV-Positive T/NK Cell Lymphoproliferative Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S660-S661
Author(s):  
Jun-ichi Kawada ◽  
Yasuko Kamiya ◽  
Akihisa Sawada ◽  
Keiji Iwatsuki ◽  
Koji Izustu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Inactive Disease ◽  
Blood Component ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Ebv Dna

Abstract Background Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is associated with T- and NK-cell lymphoproliferative disorders (EBV T/NK-LPD). For diagnosis of EBV T/NK-LPD, quantification of EBV DNA loads in peripheral blood by real-time PCR has been widely used. However, optimal blood components and cut-off values for diagnosis were not fully evaluated. Methods Fifty-nine patients with EBV T/NK-LPD including chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV), severe mosquito bite allergy, hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphoproliferative disorder (HV), and EBV- hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) were enrolled. EBV DNA loads were compared among disease categories in each blood component from the same whole blood sample. The association between EBV DNA loads and disease activity were evaluated in CAEBV patients. Furthermore, the diagnostic cut-off value for EBV DNA loads in whole blood from CAEBV patients as compared with infectious mononucleosis patients was determined. Results EBV DNA loads in whole blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were not significantly different among disease categories, whereas EBV DNA loads in plasma were significantly higher in EBV- HLH patients than in HV patients. EBV DNA loads in whole blood and PBMCs showed strong correlation (Figure 1). EBV DNA loads in plasma were significantly higher in CAEBV patients with active disease than in those with inactive disease (median: 104.5 IU/mL vs. 100.8 IU/mL, P < 0.001) (Figure 2). Diagnostic cut-off values for whole blood EBV DNA loads of CAEBV patients as compared with those of infectious mononucleosis was 104.2 ( = 15,800) IU/mL (Figure 3). Conclusion Measuring EBV DNA loads in whole blood can be considered as initial evaluation for diagnosis of EBV T/NK-LPD. EBV DNA loads in plasma are more closely related to disease activity of CAEBV than EBV DNA loads in whole blood and PBMCs. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

The rational specimen for the quantitative detection of Epstein-Barr virus DNA load

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 759-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Kedi ◽  
Xu Dongjiang ◽  
Lv Zhi ◽  
Gao Yan ◽  
Jia Kun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Dna ◽  
Epstein Barr

Abstract Background Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA load monitoring in blood is essential for the diagnosis of EBV-associated diseases. However, the best-suited blood compartment for detection is still under discussion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of EBV-DNA load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), plasma and whole blood (WB) samples. Methods A total of 156 patients, including 45 patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM), 57 patients with EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and 54 patients with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD), were enrolled in this study. The EBV-DNA load in PBMC, plasma and WB samples were measured with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results EBV-DNA load of patients with HLH showed no statistical difference in PBMC, plasma and WB samples, while patients with IM and PTLD showed a higher viral load in PBMC samples. The strongest correlation of EBV-DNA level was found between PBMC and WB samples among patients with IM, HLH and PTLD. The follow-up of EBV-DNA showed that the viral load became negative along with the recovery from the disease, while that in WB and PBMC would remain positive for a long time. Conclusions For the diagnosis and monitoring of EBV-DNA, the type of specimen should be chosen reasonably according to the disease. As for IM and HLH, plasma is recommended to quantify the EBV-DNA load, while PBMC and plasma are preferred in PTLD.

scholarly journals The clinical significance of EBV DNA in the plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with or without EBV diseases

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 127 (16) ◽  
pp. 2007-2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Kanakry ◽  
Aparna M. Hegde ◽  
Christine M. Durand ◽  
Allan B. Massie ◽  
Amy E. Greer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Ebv Dna ◽  
Free Plasma ◽  
Better Than

Key PointsCell-free (plasma) EBV DNA performs better than cellular EBV DNA as a marker of a broad range of EBV+ diseases. Within a largely immunocompromised and hospitalized cohort, detection of EBV DNA in plasma is uncommon in the absence of EBV+ disease.

Prompt versus preemptive intervention for EBV lymphoproliferative disease

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 3979-3981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Joachim Wagner ◽  
Yee Chung Cheng ◽  
M. Helen Huls ◽  
Adrian P. Gee ◽  
Ingrid Kuehnle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cells ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disease ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Preemptive Treatment ◽  
Ebv Dna

Abstract Posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) caused by uncontrolled expansion of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)–infected B cells after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can be predicted by an increase in EBV DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) analysis to determine whether frequent monitoring of EBV DNA to allow preemptive treatment is truly of value in patients after HSCT. More than 1300 samples from 85 recipients were analyzed. No patient with consistently low EBV DNA levels developed PTLD. Nine patients had a single episode with a high EBV load (more than 4000 EBV copies/μg peripheral blood mononuclear cell [PBMC] DNA), and 16 patients had high EBV loads detected on 2 or more occasions. Only 8 of these developed symptoms consistent with PTLD, and all were promptly and successfully treated with EBV-specific cytotoxic T cells or CD20 monoclonal antibody. Hence, quantitative measurement of EBV DNA may best be used to enable the prompt rather than the preemptive treatment of PTLD.

scholarly journals CpG Methylation Profiles of HIV-1 Pro-Viral DNA in Individuals on ART

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 799
Author(s):  
Valerie F. Boltz ◽  
Cristina Ceriani ◽  
Jason W. Rausch ◽  
Wei Shao ◽  
Michael J. Bale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytosine Methylation ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cell Clone ◽  
Cpg Methylation ◽  
Viral Dna ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
T Cell Clone ◽  
Latent Hiv ◽  
Ltr Promoter ◽  
Hiv 1

The latent HIV-1 reservoir is comprised of stably integrated and intact proviruses with limited to no viral transcription. It has been proposed that latent infection may be maintained by methylation of pro-viral DNA. Here, for the first time, we investigate the cytosine methylation of a replication competent provirus (AMBI-1) found in a T cell clone in a donor on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methylation profiles of the AMBI-1 provirus were compared to other proviruses in the same donor and in samples from three other individuals on ART, including proviruses isolated from lymph node mononuclear cells (LNMCs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We also evaluated the apparent methylation of cytosines outside of CpG (i.e., CpH) motifs. We found no evidence for methylation in AMBI-1 or any other provirus tested within the 5′ LTR promoter. In contrast, CpG methylation was observed in the env-tat-rev overlapping reading frame. In addition, we found evidence for differential provirus methylation in cells isolated from LNMCs vs. PBMCs in some individuals, possibly from the expansion of infected cell clones. Finally, we determined that apparent low-level methylation of CpH cytosines is consistent with occasional bisulfite reaction failures. In conclusion, our data do not support the proposition that latent HIV infection is associated with methylation of the HIV 5′ LTR promoter.

scholarly journals Detection of Epstein-Barr virus genome in benign polyclonal proliferative T cells of a young male patient

Blood ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Yoneda ◽  
E Tatsumi ◽  
M Kawanishi ◽  
K Teshigawara ◽  
S Masuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Unique Type ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Dna ◽  
Epstein Barr

Abstract Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA was detected in polyclonal T cells that proliferated transiently in a 21-year-old male (referred to as H.J.) who underwent an apparently benign lymphocytosis (white blood cells, 31 x 10(6)/microL; lymphocyte, 79%) with fever, tonsillar swelling, lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly. The symptoms and signs subsided mostly within a month of hospitalization. The major population of the lymphocytes at admission was positive for CD3, CD8 (4/8 ratio, 0.16), WT31, and DR antigen. Eight percent of the leukocytes were too blastoid to be classified as atypical lymphocytes of infectious mononucleosis (IM). The blastoid lymphocytes and the duration and degree of the lymphocytosis and hypergammaglobulinemia appeared inconsistent with IM, whereas the EBV serology indicated either EBV primary infection or a secondary alteration of normal seropositive EBV immunity. The genomic analysis of T-cell receptor beta chain in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) at admission with a C beta probe did not show a monoclonal rearrangement. EBV genome was detected in these cells, using the BamHI W and K probe, but not in the cells after discharge. Analysis of the EBV terminal repeat junctional sequence, using Xho I fragment of the latent membrane protein (LMP) probe binding with the terminus, did not show monoclonal or oligoclonal populations. EBV-associated nuclear antigen (EBNA) was detected in 36% of the PBMC at admission, but not in the later cells. These EBNA- positive cells were found to form rosette with sheep erythrocytes. The PBMC of six acute IM patients contained neither EBV DNA nor EBNA- positive cells. The observations in this case show a unique type of EBV infection in T cells that has not been previously reported.

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