scholarly journals Academic roots of chemical engineering in XVIII and XIX century in middle Europe

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
Tibor Halasi ◽  
Snezana Kalamkovic ◽  
Stanko Cvjeticanin
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Technical Chemistry ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Laboratory Education ◽  
Chemistry Development ◽  
Middle Europe ◽  
Xix Century

Roots of chemical engineering in Middle Europe lead to the first mining and metallurgy academies, established in VIII century in Upper Hungaria and in Bohemian Kingdom. Chemical engineering skills originate from ancient Egyptian handicraft, alchemy, technical chemistry, pneumochemistry and phlogiston chemistry. Development of mining and metallurgy coincided with great scientific discoveries and industrial revolution. In Middle Europe, the first such academies were opened in St. Joachimstahl and in Schemnitz, and the first Serbian mining engineers Djordje Brankovic, Vasilije Bozic and Stevan Pavlovic studied, as well as the first chemistry professor of the High School in Belgrade, Mihajlo Raskovic. Eminent professors were employed by the Schemnitz academy, such as: Nicol Jacquin, Giovanni Scopoli, Ignaz von Born and Christian Doppler. It is important to emphasize that Shemnitz practiced the first modern, practical laboratory education. In VIII century, Schemnitz Mining and metallurgy academy was the most contemporary educational insistution for engineers. However, in XIX century, mining and metallurgy academies stagnated, due to the replacement of professional academies with polytechnic schools, technical universities and scientific research institutes.

scholarly journals Introducing High School Students to Engineering Fundamentals by Four Weeks Engineering Innovation Summer Program

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan Tyagi ◽  
Christine Newman
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Technical Writing ◽  
School Science ◽  
High School Science ◽  
School Students ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
High School Science Teacher

Preparing high school students for engineering disciplines is crucial for sustainable scientific and technological developments in the USA. This paper discusses a pre-college program, which not only exposes students to various engineering disciplines but also enables them to consider engineering as the profession. The four-week long “Engineering Innovation (EI)” course is offered every year to high school students by the center of outreach, Johns Hopkins University. EI program is designed to develop problem-solving skills through extensive hands-on engineering experiments. A team consisting of an instructor, generally a PhD in Engineering, and a teaching fellow, generally a high school science teacher, closely work with students to pedagogically inculcate basics of core engineering disciplines such as civil, mechanical, electrical, materials, and chemical engineering. EI values independent problem-solving skills and simultaneously promote the team spirit among students. A number of crucial engineering aspects such as professional ethics, communications, technical writing, and understanding of common engineering principles are inculcated among high school students via well-designed individual and group activities. This paper discusses the model of EI program and its impact on students learning and their preparation for the engineering career.

scholarly journals UKRAINE IN EUROPEAN HISTORICAL PROCESSES. REVIEW OF THE MONOGRAPH MANUSCRIPT: Vidnianskyi, S. (Ed.). (2020). Ukraine in the History of Europe of the 19th – Early 21st Century: Historical Essays. A Monograph. Kyiv: Instite of History of Ukraine of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-86
Author(s):  
O. Mashevskyi
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Research Result ◽  
European History ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Political Scientist ◽  
World War ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century

The chronological boundaries of the collective monograph cover a long historical period, which extends to the era of European Modernism and continues to the modern (current) history of European Postmodernism. The key thesis of the team of authors of the monograph is the idea of systemic belonging of Ukraine to European civilization as its component, which interacts with other parts of the system. The first chapter of the peer-reviewed collective monograph "European receptions of Ukraine in the XIX century" shows the reflection of the Ukrainian problem in the German-language literature of the first half of the XIX century, taking into account new archival document, the development of Ukraine’s relations with other Slavic peoples is traced, and the peculiarities of Ukrainian-Bulgarian relations are considered as a separate case study. An interesting paragraph of the collective monograph devoted to cultural, educational and scientific cooperation of Dnieper Ukraine with European countries. This information illustrates well how the Industrial Revolution radically changed the face of the planet, brought new scientific experience that gave room for the development of the capitalist system, and with them, the Industrial Revolution brought social problems, environmental disasters that still cannot be solved. Thomas Malthus (1766-1834) formulated the "iron law of wages", according to which workers can receive only a living wage. The second chapter of the collective monograph "The Ukrainian Question and Ukraine in the European History of the Twentieth Century" presents an integrated narrative of Ukrainian national history in the light of the European history of the two world wars and their consequences. The First World War, or the Great War, undoubtedly became a turning point in European history and, accordingly, in the national histories of European countries. The historical experience of the Ukrainian national liberation struggle of the Ukrainian people for the right to European development is covered in the paragraph of the collective monograph "Ukrainian Diplomatic Service 1917-1924". The vicissitudes of Stalin's industrialization and collectivization and their impact on the Ukrainian SSR's relations with European states in the 1920s and 1930s are highlighted in terms of continuity of ties with Europe. A separate regional example of the situation is covered on the example of the history of Transcarpathia on the eve of World War II. The third chapter of the collective monograph "Independent Ukraine in the European integration space" highlights the features of Ukraine's current positioning in Europe. After the collapse of the USSR, ideological obstacles to the development of globalization were overcome. The American political scientist F.Fukuyama in his work "The End of History" concluded the final victory of liberal ideology. This section of the peer-reviewed collective monograph also highlights the position of the international community on the Crimean referendum in 2014, analyzes the policy of Western European countries on the Ukrainian-Russian armed conflict on the example of the policy of Germany, France and Austria. The research result is a separate model of reality, which is reproduced with the help of a certain perception and awareness of the historian. In this sense, the author's team of the monograph has achieved the goal of creating a meaningful narrative that highlights the place of Ukraine at different stages of modern and postmodern European history. From the point of view of the general perception of the narrative offered to the reader, the authors of the collective monograph managed to harmonize individual stylistic features in a conceptually unified text, the meanings of which will be interesting to both professional historians and students and the general readership.

scholarly journals E-Assessment Motivation in Physics Subjects for Senior High School

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astalini Astalini ◽  
Dwi Agus Kurniawan ◽  
Urip Sulistiyo ◽  
Rahmat Perdana ◽  
Susbiyanto Susbiyanto
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Student Motivation ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Technology In Education ◽  
System Description ◽  
Hard Drives ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Effective Assessment

<strong>Abstract – </strong>The use of technology in education can be utilized in the assessment, namely in the form of e-assessment. E-assessment is an assessment with an online system (e-assessment). Can make assessment more efficient in terms of time, funding, and achievement of assessment objectives. This study adopted Thiagarajan's research with the stages of development and evaluate. The number of samples used was 168 students and 14 teachers from senior high school 10 in Batanghari and senior high school in 5 Batanghari. The findings of this study are the system description, this motivational e-assessment is made from MySQL software, because of the ease of installation and use and small hard drives and memory traces. And this application can be used simultaneously. Exploration results show that effective assessment using motivational e-assessment has a good category of 72.6% with a total of 122 students from 168 students. Then the response of teachers using motivational e-assessment is in a good category 50.0% with a total of 7 teachers from 14 teachers, which means the teacher's response to student motivation is very good in assessment or evaluation. This is that e-assessment is important to use because it can make it easier for teachers to make an assessment of themselves because it is in line with the Industrial Revolution 4.0.

Industrial Capitalism and Its Paradoxes in Europe XVIII – XIX Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1250
Author(s):  
E. V. LAPTEVA ◽  
V. V. OSTROUMOV ◽  
S. Yu. BOLDYREVA ◽  
N. I. PROTOPOPOVA
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Sequential Event ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Scientific Practical ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Practical Nature

Until the mid-eighteenth century the world economy was slowly evolving, but after the 1750-s a radical change occurred, which had a huge impact not only on the economy, but also on culture, society and life in general.  The industrial revolution became the main lever of change. As a result, its main economic component - agriculture - has ceased to be dominant. Traditionally, the industrial revolution was seen as a sequential event, a chain of events from the lowest to the highest. The author made an attempt to consider the main parameters of the industrial revolution as a chain of paradoxes characteristic of developed European countries. To do this, turning to classical works of a theoretical and scientific-practical nature, the authors tried to consider the problem of European countries entering the industrial stage as a complex, contradictory and difficult process that revealed both leaders and Laggards.

Strengthening Layout Using FRP in Industrial Masonry Chimneys under Earthquake Load

2010 ◽  
Vol 133-134 ◽  
pp. 855-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.F.J. Pallaré ◽  
S. Ivorra ◽  
L. Pallarés ◽  
J. Adam
Keyword(s):  
Return Period ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Structural Damping ◽  
Earthquake Load ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Town Halls ◽  
The City

Industrial masonry chimneys usually are considered as historical heritage since they remind the industrial revolution that took placed by the XIX century, shaping a particular landscape in many cities, what led many Town Halls to protect them as cultural heritage. In this work an assessment of the seismic vulnerability is performed to check the structural integrity according to a return period of 500 years. Detailed geometrical investigations took place and dynamic tests performed with the goal to obtain natural frequencies and structural damping using four seismic accelerometers at different heights and orientations. From the experimental results a numerical model has been calibrated adjusting numerical frequencies to match those experimentally obtained. Artificial accelerograms were generated specialized for the city of Valencia and the crack pattern was obtained corresponding to a return period of 500 years. After these analyses the model of the chimney was strengthened using strips of FRP and the calculations repeated to obtain the reinforced achieved regarding seismic vulnerability. Conclusions related to these calculations are outlined.

scholarly journals Optimizing Workforce Absorption of Vocational High School Graduates to Prepare for the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-142
Author(s):  
Novrian Satria Perdana
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
High School Graduates ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Vocational Schools ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Primary Data Analysis ◽  
Vocational Courses

ABSTRACT: Vocational School is one of the educational unit level institutions, whose role is to create qualified and competent human resources in their fields for the needs of the business and industry. Unfortunately, the needs of the business and industry for a competent workforce still cannot be met, because the quality of the existing Vocational Schools is still lacking. The purpose of this study is to analyze the optimization of the absorption of vocational graduates needed by the business and industry world in an effort to achieve a balance of the labour market in the era of industrial revolution 4.0. This study was using a qualitative approach with secondary and primary data analysis methods. This research was conducted in East Java Province in 2018, by holding discussions with Vocational Schools, Companies, and the East Java Provincial Education Office. The results of this study are required for the integration process of the three educational institutions (vocational, courses, and training), which organize vocational education into three things, namely: sharing resources; integrating the learning process; and equalizing minimum service standards.KEY WORD: Vocational; Labour; Industrial Revolution 4.0. ABSTRAKSI: “Mengoptimalkan Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja Lulusan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan untuk Mempersiapkan Era Revolusi Industri 4.0”. Sekolah Kejuruan adalah salah satu lembaga tingkat unit pendidikan yang berperan untuk menciptakan sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas dan kompeten di bidangnya untuk kebutuhan bisnis dan industri. Sayangnya, kebutuhan bisnis dan industri untuk tenaga kerja yang kompeten masih belum dapat dipenuhi, karena kualitas Sekolah Kejuruan yang ada masih kurang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis optimalisasi penyerapan lulusan kejuruan yang dibutuhkan oleh dunia usaha dan industri dalam upaya untuk mencapai keseimbangan pasar tenaga kerja di era revolusi industri 4.0. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis data sekunder dan primer. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Provinsi Jawa Timur pada tahun 2018, dengan mengadakan diskusi dengan Sekolah Kejuruan, Perusahaan, dan Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi Jawa Timur. Hasil penelitian ini diperlukan untuk proses integrasi dari tiga lembaga pendidikan (kejuruan, kursus, dan pelatihan), yang mengatur pendidikan kejuruan menjadi tiga hal, yaitu: berbagi sumber daya; mengintegrasikan proses pembelajaran; dan menyamakan standar layanan minimum.KATA KUNCI: Kejuruan; Tenaga Kerja; Revolusi Industri 4.0.About the Author: Novrian Satria Perdana, M.E. is a Researcher at the Center for Policy Research Education and Culture in the Kemendikbud RI (Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia), Jalan Jenderal Sudirman, Senayan, Jakarta, Indonesia. E-mail: [email protected] Citation: Perdana, Novrian Satria. (2019). “Optimizing Workforce Absorption of Vocational High School Graduates to Prepare for the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0” in MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan, Volume 4(2), September, pp.127-142. Bandung, Indonesia: UPI [Indonesia University of Education] Press, ISSN 2527-3868 (print) and 2503-457X (online). Article Timeline: Accepted (June 1, 2019); Revised (August 17, 2019); and Published (September 30, 2019).

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