scholarly journals Constructed wetlands in the treatment of agro-industrial wastewater: A review

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mar-Yam Sultana ◽  
Christos Akratos ◽  
Dimitrios Vayenas ◽  
Stavros Pavlou
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Wetland Type ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Hostile Environments

Due to their simplicity and low operation cost, constructed wetlands are becoming more prevalent in wastewater treatment all over the world. Their range of applications is no longer limited to municipal wastewater but has expanded to the treatment of heavily polluted wastewaters such as agro-industrial effluents. This paper provides a comprehensive literature review of the application of constructed wetlands in treating a variety of agro-industrial wastewaters, and discusses pollutant surface loads and the role of constructed wetland type, prior-treatment stages and plant species in pollutant removal efficiency. Results indicate that constructed wetlands can tolerate high pollutant loads and toxic substances without losing their removal ability, thus these systems are very effective bio-reactors even in hostile environments. Additionally, the review outlines issues that could improve pollutant treatment efficiency and proposes design and operation suggestions such as suitable vegetation, porous media and constructed wetland plain view. Finally, a decision tree for designing constructed wetlands treating agro-industrial wastewaters provides an initial design tool for scientists and engineers.

Area-based speciation kinetic analysis of the multipollutant removal in Constructed Wetlands to enhance its treatment efficiency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Rajesh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Zero Order ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
First Order ◽  
Present Study Area

In the present study area-based, pollutant removal kinetic analysis was considered using the Zero-order, first-order decay and efficiency loss (EL) models in the constructed wetlands (CWs) for municipal wastewater treatment....

Installation of a bioelectrochemical system as a pre-cleaner in a constructed wetland with higher pollutant loading under continuous mode

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 3326-3340
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Rajesh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Continuous Mode ◽  
Bioelectrochemical System ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Pollutant Loading ◽  
Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands

In this study, two-phase continuous vertical flow constructed wetlands were installed with a pre-cleaner bioelectrochemical system for the removal of NH4+-N (60.41–85.78%), NO3−-N (25.55–35.18%), TN (57.80–84.65%), TKN (37.24–70.08%), PO43−-P (38.89–63.40%), SO42− (49.53–76.06%), and COD (25.83–74.70%) from municipal wastewater.

Evaluation of constructed wetlands by wastewater purification ability and greenhouse gas emissions

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Gui ◽  
R. Inamori ◽  
M. Matsumura ◽  
Y. Inamori
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Gas Emissions

Domestic wastewater is a significant source of nitrogen and phosphorus, which cause lake eutrophication. Among the wastewater treatment technologies, constructed wetlands are a promising low-cost means of treating point and diffuse sources of domestic wastewater in rural areas. However, the sustainable operation of constructed wetland treatment systems depends upon a high rate conversion of organic and nitrogenous loading into their metabolic gaseous end products, such as N2O and CH4. In this study, we examined and compared the performance of three typical types of constructed wetlands: Free Water Surface (FWS), Subsurface Flow (SF) and Vertical Flow (VF) wetlands. Pollutant removal efficiency and N2O and CH4 emissions were assessed as measures of performance. We found that the pollutant removal rates and gas emissions measured in the wetlands exhibited clear seasonal changes, and these changes were closely associated with plant growth. VF wetlands exhibited stable removal of organic pollutants and NH3-N throughout the experiment regardless of season and showed great potential for CH4 adsorption. SF wetlands showed preferable T-N removal performance and a lower risk of greenhouse gas emissions than FWS wetlands. Soil oxidation reduction potential (ORP) analysis revealed that water flow structure and plant growth influenced constructed wetland oxygen transfer, and these variations resulted in seasonal changes of ORP distribution inside wetlands that were accompanied by fluctuations in pollutant removal and greenhouse gas emissions.

Reversing Clogging in Vertical-Flow Constructed Wetlands by Backwashing Treatment

2010 ◽  
Vol 129-131 ◽  
pp. 1064-1068
Author(s):  
Fei Ma ◽  
Li Jiang ◽  
Ting Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands ◽  
The World ◽  
Design Guidance

More and more constructed wetland CW) were used to treat waste water in the world for its advantage on cheaper and efficiency. CW would clog for improper design or imperfect management, so application for it was limited. The purpose of this paper is that using backwashing method resolve filter media clogging problem which is an intractable matter in constructed wetlands project. The effects of the backwashing treatment on pollutant removal, as well as the influence on characteristics of hydraulics of wetlands, were studied. The experimental results indicate that CW hydraulic conductivity, hydraulic resistance time and removal rate of COD increased after backwashing. This paper confirmed that backwashing method can reverse clogging in vertical-flow constructed wetlands, and provided design guidance for applying backwashing method to treat clogging vertical-flow constructed wetlands.

Pollutant Removal Efficiency of Hybrid Constructed Wetland System for Recycling the Sewage by Utilizing Aquatic Plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (4 - 6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suganya K ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Typha Angustifolia ◽  
Brachiaria Humidicola ◽  
Wetland System ◽  
Pollutant Removal Efficiency

The sewage waters are used as potential source of irrigation for raising vegetables and fodder crops around the sewage disposal sites. Soil contamination by sewage and industrial effluents has affected adversely both soil health and crop productivity. A study was conducted to evaluate the pollutant removal efficiency of lab scale hybrid constructed wetland system (HCWS) for recycling the sewage water for agriculture. Native aquatic plants viz., Brachiaria humidicola and Typha angustifolia were selected and utilized for the lab scale study. The results of this HCWS showed that removal efficiencies of BOD, COD was higher with the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 5 days due to the combined effect of HF and VF by using the native aquatic plants like Brachiaria humidicola and Typha angustifolia.

Phosphorus Removal Efficiency of Different Media and Macrophyte in Constructed Wetland

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 2368-2372
Author(s):  
R.P. Singh ◽  
Ying He Jiang ◽  
Xiao Peng Wen
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Common Reed ◽  
Treated Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Use

Constructed wetlands are very useful for the removal of nutrients from treated municipal wastewater. Use of different kinds of media and macrophytes improves the efficiency of nutrient removal of constructed wetlands. Three different media (pulverized ash bricks, shale and gravel) and common reed (Phragmites spp.) were used for present research work. This macrophyte is a local weed and easily available. Uses of different media with macrophyte are very efficient for nutrient removal from treated municipal wastewater. Out of these three media used for present research pulverized fly ash bricks media was most efficient for removal of phosphorus in constructed wetland.

scholarly journals Plant Biomass Production in Constructed Wetlands Treating Swine Wastewater in Tropical Climates

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
Mayerlin Sandoval-Herazo ◽  
Georgina Martínez-Reséndiz ◽  
Eduardo Fernández Echeverria ◽  
Gregorio Fernández-Lambert ◽  
Luis Carlos Sandoval Herazo
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Typha Latifolia ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Tropical Climates

The production of both aboveground and belowground plant biomass in constructed wetlands (CW) is a poorly understood topic, although vegetation plays an important role in the process of pollutant removal from wastewater. The objective of this study was to evaluate the aboveground and belowground biomass production of Typha latifolia and Canna hybrids in a large-scale constructed wetland treating swine wastewater in tropical climates. Parameters, such as temperature, DO, pH, COD, TSS, TN, TP, and TC, as well as destructive and non-destructive biomass, were evaluated. It was found that, despite the high concentrations of pollutants, the vegetation adapted easily and also grew healthily despite being exposed to high concentrations of pollutants from swine water. Although Typha latifolia (426 plants) produced fewer plants than Canna hybrids (582 plants), the higher biomass of the Typha latifolia species was slightly higher than that of Canna hybrids by 5%. On the other hand, the proximity of the water inlet to the system decreased the capacity for the development of a greater number of seedlings. As for the elimination of pollutants, after treatment in the constructed wetland, COD: 83.6 ± 16.9%; TSS: 82.2 ± 17.7%; TN: 94.4 ± 15.8%; TP: 82.4 ± 23.2%; and TC: 94.4 ± 4.4% were significantly reduced. These results show that wetlands constructed as tertiary systems for the treatment of swine wastewater produce a large amount of plant biomass that significantly helps to reduce the concentrations of pollutants present in this type of water in tropical areas. The use of these plants is recommended in future wetland designs to treat swine wastewater.

Ferrate vs Traditional Coagulants in the Treatment of Combined Industrial Wastes

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 2077-2080 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. de Luca ◽  
M. Cantelli ◽  
M. A. de Luca
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Potassium Ferrate ◽  
Aluminium Sulphate ◽  
Physicochemical Treatment ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Joint Treatment

This study assesses the use of potassium ferrate in the joint treatment of combined domestic and industrial wastewaters. The main feature of this compound is its simultaneous oxidant-coagulant properties. A pilot plant for physicochemical treatment was utilized for tests with combined effluent. The removal of pollutants achieved at the pilot plant fulfills the standards of emission for liquid industrial effluents, established by regulatory agencies. A comparison was also made of the efficiency of pollutant removal between potassium ferrate, ferric chloride and aluminium sulphate for the above-mentioned combined wastewater. All coagulants are very effective in this physicochemical treatment, with an advantage for disinfection, smaller dose and sludge generation to ferrate treatment.

Use of engineered wetlands for onsite treatment of wastewater by the local communities: Experiences from Tanzania

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. N. Njau ◽  
W. J. S. Mwegoha ◽  
R. J. Kimwaga ◽  
J. H. Y. Katima
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Teachers College ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
Wide Range

Since its inception about 10 years ago, Constructed Wetlands (CWs) technology has been well received in Tanzania due to a wide range of functions. CWs are used to treat wastewater from municipal systems, pulp and paper industries, prisons, schools and colleges. Among the recipients of CWs are the Moshi Urban Water and Sewerage Authority (MUWSA) for polishing Waste Stabilization Ponds effluents, Kibo Paper Mills for treating industrial effluents, Shinyanga, Malya and Bariadi Prison and Kleruu Teachers College and Ruaha High School for Treatment of domestic wastewater. All these systems are Horizontal Sub-Surface Flow Constructed Wetlands. This paper reports on results of a survey of the six (6) mentioned operating CW systems, focusing on the existing situation and the observed operation and maintenance challenges and needs. The survey was carried by visiting the CWs and sampling for determination of BOD5, COD, PO42-, NO3-N, and NH3-N. Results from the survey and laboratory analyses in three of these CWs indicated lack of general and site-specific operation and maintenance guidelines, which seriously affect life of these systems, aesthetics and performance of pollutant removal. This is evidenced by failure of these systems to meet local and international permissible discharge limits to the receiving water bodies.

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