scholarly journals Effect of phosphorus (P) rates and weeding frequency on the growth and grain yield of extra early cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) in the forest-savanna agro-ecological zone of southwest Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-60
Author(s):  
Olusegun Adeyemi ◽  
Kikelomo Ogunsola ◽  
Patience Olorunmaiye ◽  
Jamiu Azeez ◽  
David Hosu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Cropping Seasons

Field experiments were conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (7o 20?N, 30 23?E) during the 2014 early and late cropping seasons to evaluate the effect of weeding frequency and phosphorus fertilizer application on the growth and grain yield of the early maturing cowpea variety (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp). The experiment was laid out in a split-plot arrangement fitted into a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The main plot consisted of three phosphorus fertilizer rates (0, 15 and 30 P2O5kg ha-1) while the subplot comprised five weeding frequencies (no weeding, weed-free, hoe weeding at 3 weeks after sowing (WAS), hoe weeding at 3 and 6 WAS and weeding at 3, 6 and 9 WAS). The results showed that plots treated with phosphorus fertilizer at 15 kg ha-1 produced the highest number of leaves and the tallest plant in the late season while the highest grain yield was recorded in the early trials. Weeding at 3, 6 and 9 WAS during the early season trial gave the highest grain yield compared with other weeding treatments. Unchecked weed infestation reduced yield by 53.10 % and 49.9 % in the early and late seasons respectively compared to the maximum obtained from weed-free plots. This study concluded that application of 15 kg P2O5 ha-1 and weed removal at 3, 6 and 9 WAS were effective for effective weed control and optimum grain yield in cowpea production.

Physiological Basis of Yield Differences in Quality Protein Maize Genotypes of Different Maturity Groups

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Olasoji, Julius Oluseyi ◽  
Ajayi, Sunday Adesola
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Protein Maize ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Maturity Groups

Yield performance of early maturing maize (Zea mays L.) varieties in the rainforest agroecology of southwest Nigeria, is lower than that of intermediate varieties  and that there was no yield advantage in the late varieties over the intermediate maturing varieties. However, the physiological basis of yield differences is yet to be fully investigated. This study was carried out to investigate the physiological basis underlying yield differences in quality protein maize genotypes of different maturity groups. Field experiment was conducted as randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates at Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Obafemi Awolowo University, Moor Plantation, Ibadan during 2013 and 2014 cropping seasons. The results indicated that season influenced days to 50% Anthesis (DTA), days to 50% silking (DTS), anthesis silking interval (ASI), plant height (PLHT), ear height (EHT), ear per plant (EPP), ear aspect (EASP), kernel width (KWDT) and grain yield (GYD). Maturity groups also influenced DTA, DTS, PASP, PLHT, EHT, and with no effect on GYD. The overall mean grain yields across seasons were 4.44, 4.16, 3.64 and 3.36 t/ha for season 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively.  It was concluded from this study that all the maturity groups used had similar grain yield.

scholarly journals Weed infestation and productivity of maize/soybean intercrop as influenced by cropping patterns in the southern Guinea savanna of Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-26
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Imoloame ◽  
Kafayat Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
State University ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Guinea Savanna ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Cropping Seasons

Field experiments were conducted during the 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons at the Teaching and Research (T & R) Farm of the College of Agriculture, Kwara State University, Malete, to determine the effect of cropping patterns on weed infestation, growth and yield of a maize/soybean intercrop in the southern Guinea savanna of Nigeria. The experiments consisted of six treatments as follows: one row of maize alternated with one row of soybean (1:1), one row of maize alternated with two rows of soybean (1:2), two rows of maize alternated with one row of soybean (2:1), two rows of maize alternated with two rows of soybean (2:2), sole maize (1:0) and sole soybean (0:1). The treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance and means were separated by the least significant difference (LSD) at the 5% level of probability. Results showed that sole soybean consistently suppressed weeds and resulted in a higher yield. Similarly, the 2:1 ratio of maize to soybean did not only reduce weed density, it produced significantly higher yields of maize and lower yield of soybean, and had the higher land equivalent ratio and economic returns followed by sole maize.

Agronomic Evaluation of Performance of Sesame Varieties in Maize-based Intercropping System in the Southern Guinean Savanna of Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
A. T. Ajibola ◽  
G. O. Kolawole
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
K Value ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Sesame Seeds ◽  
Evaluation Of Performance ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Cropping Seasons

Aims: Field experiments were conducted to determine compatibility of sesame varieties for intercropping with maize. Study Design: The experiment was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Place and Duration of Study: Teaching and Research Farm, LAUTECH, Ogbomoso, southern guinea savanna area of Nigeria during the 2010 and 2011 cropping seasons. Methodology: The treatments included Sole maize (Oba Super 1 variety), five sole sesame varieties (E-8, O3l, O1m, O2 m, Exotic-Sudan) and their intercrops, making a total of eleven treatments.  Sole maize was planted at a spacing of 75 cm x 25 cm. For intercrops, maize was planted at a spacing of 100 cm x 25  cm and sesame seeds were planted at a spacing of 100 cm x 10 cm such that sesame row alternated maize row. Maize was planted first and sesame was introduced two weeks after. Results: Intercropping maize with sesame varieties significantly (P = 0.05) reduced number of pods and grain yield of sesame varieties in both years. However, variety O2m produced grain yield in the intercrop similar to the mono crop. Generally, Intercropping sesame with maize significantly reduced the grain yield of maize by 36% compared to the sole crop. Exotic-Sudan varieties caused the highest percentage yield reduction (52%). Sesame varieties O2m and O3l were the only varieties whose yield advantage in intercropping with maize had land equivalent ratio (LER) of 1.28 and 1.18 while other varieties had values less than 1 indicating yield advantage of O2m and O3l with maize. The relative crowding coefficient (K) value of maize (4.98) was higher than sesame (0.44) thus indicating its dominance in the mixture. Conclusion: It is concluded that the prospective sesame farmers could grow varieties O2m and O3l in place of the popular E-8 because intercropping with maize did not affect their performances in both years.

RATOONED LOWLAND NERICA RICE VARIETIES AS AN OPTION FOR TRIPLE CROPPING IN INLAND VALLEYS OF DERIVED SAVANNAH IN NIGERIA

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. O. ADIGBO ◽  
M. O. OLOJEDE ◽  
P. J. C. HARRIS ◽  
O. AJAYI
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Fluted Pumpkin ◽  
Inland Valley ◽  
Cropping Seasons

SUMMARYAlthough triple cropping in inland valleys of Nigeria is technically feasible, the third crop between the main crop and dry season non-rice crop has been considered not to be economically viable because of poor crop establishment due to soil inundation. The identification of an appropriate technology with low input, such as ratooning, would allow this niche to be utilized. Field experiments were conducted at the University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria in 2007–2008 and 2008–2009 cropping seasons to evaluate the performance of the main and ratooned crops of lowland NERICA (New Rice for Africa) rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties in a lowland rice–ratooned rice–fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook F.) sequence. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The lowland rice varieties used were NERICA-L 19, NERICA-L 20, NERICA-L 22, NERICA-L 24, OFADA, NERICA-L 26, NERICA-L 41, NERICA-L 42, NERICA-L 44 and NERICA-L 47. The grain yield of the main rice crop ranged from 5.0 to 7.3 t ha−1 in 2007–2008 cropping season and from 4.1 to 9.1 t ha−1 in 2008–2009. The ratooned rice had a grain yield of 1.0–4.7 t ha−1 in 2007–2008 and 1.2–3.4 t ha−1 in 2008–2009. The total grain yield obtained in 2007–2008 from the main and ratooned rice crops in seven months was 6.7–11.6 t ha−1, while in 2008–2009 it was 5.3–2.6 t ha−1. The fresh leaf yield of fluted pumpkin ranged from 14.6 to 16.9 t ha−1 in 2007–2008 and from 18.3 to 19.8 t ha−1 in 2008–2009, similar to previously reported rainy season unfertilized yields. Thus, a ratooned rice crop appears to be a feasible technology capable of boosting rice production and consequently increasing the overall productivity of the inland valley in a rice–rice–vegetable cropping sequence.

INFLUENCE OF TIME OF NITROGEN SECOND DOSE FERTILIZATION MAIZE (Zea mays L.) VARIETIES IN NORTHERN GUINEA SAVANNAH OF NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
K. M. Ladan ◽  
A. H. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Application Data ◽  
Maize Grain

The field trial was carried out to evaluate the effect of timing nitrogen second dose fertilization on the grain yield and yield components of some improved maize varieties. The field experiments was conducted at the Institute for Agricultural Research IAR-ABU Research Farm Samaru – Zaria and Military Cantonment Farm Jaji – Nigeria. Treatments consist of three maize varieties (SAMMAZ 14, SAMMAZ 15 and SAMMAZ 16) and six timings of nitrogen second dose of fertilizer application. Data were recorded on grain yield, number of cobs /plant, number of grain /row, cob(ear) diameter, cob(ear) weight and 100 grain weight. Treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. SAMMAZ 16 produced significantly higher grain yield and recorded superior yield characters over SAMMAZ 14 and 15. The results further showed that time of nitrogen second dose application 6 WAS outperformed other timings evaluated at both location. The study identified. SAMMAZ 16 and time 6 WAS appeared to be the option for increased maize grain yield in the study area

scholarly journals Varietal response of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) to time of fertilizer application

Agrosearch ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-55
Author(s):  
E.J. Falodun ◽  
S.A. Adewunmi
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Fruit Diameter

Field experiments were carried out during the 2015/16 and 2016/17 dry cropping seasons at the Experiment Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Benin, Benin City. The study was a 2 x 4 factorial fitted into a randomized complete block design (RCBD) in three replications. Two tomato varieties (Roma savannah and UC82) and four times of fertilizer application (T1: all fertilizer applied at 2 weeks after transplanting (2WAT), T2: 1/2 of the fertilizer applied at 2WAT and 1/2 at flowering, T3: one third 1/3 applied at 2WAT, 1/3 at flowering, 1/3 at fruiting and T4: all fertilizer applied at flowering) were used. In both years, stem diameter, number of flowers, fruits and fruit weight/plant (kg/ha) and yield were significantly improved by Roma savannah. Fruit diameter (5.70 cm and 4.75 cm) increased with UC82 compared with Roma savannah which produced the lowest fruit diameter (3.95 cm and 3.11 cm). Roma savannah had a higher fruit yield of 8.59 t ha-1 and 7.24 t ha-1 compared with 5.99 t ha-1 and 4.57 t ha-1 produced by UC82. In 2016/17 cropping season T3 and T4 significantly improved stem diameter above other treatments and T2 and T4 produced highest fruit yields which were similar. However, in both years highest fruit yields (10.39 t ha-1 and 7.09 t ha-1) were consistent with T2. The use of Roman savannah variety and T2 treatment should be encouraged for tomato production, in terms of higher fruit yield in this locality.

scholarly journals Defining Fertilization Strategies for Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Production Under Sudano-Sahelian Conditions: Options for Late Basal Fertilizer Application

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 697
Author(s):  
Komla Ganyo ◽  
Bertrand Muller ◽  
Malick Ndiaye ◽  
Espoir Gaglo ◽  
Aliou Guissé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Cycle Duration ◽  
Stem Extension ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Soil nutrient deficiency and rainfall variability impair the production of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L). Moench) in Sudano-Sahelian zone. The aim is to study the environmental factors that can determine the effect of fertilizer application on sorghum grain yield and to formulate tailored fertilization strategies according to sorghum varieties (hybrid and open pollinated improved varieties) and environmental context. Field experiments were conducted during the 2015 and 2016 growing seasons in Nioro du Rip and in Sinthiou Malème (Senegal). In a randomized complete block design arranged in a split-plot with four replications, three factors were tested: sorghum genotype (G: Fadda, Faourou, Soumalemba and Soumba with different cycle lengths), environment (E: irrigation and rainfed, different soil types and fertility levels), and fertilization management (M: five different combinations of application dose and application time) including T1 = no fertilizer applied; T2 (recommended practice, 100%) = 150 kg/ha of NPK (15-15-15) at emergence + 50 Kg/ha of urea (46%) at tillering + 50 kg/ha of urea at stem extension; T3 = 50% T2; T4 (100% delay) = 150 kg/ha of NPK +50 kg/ha of urea at stem extension +50 kg/ha of urea at heading ; T5 = 50% T4. Results showed that: (i) in most environments, stressed plants under late application treatments (T4 and T5) recovered biomass once the fertilizer was applied (ii); grain yield with T5 was higher than with T4 under well-watered conditions (sufficient and well distributed rainfall and eventual complementary irrigations) ; (iii) Fadda, a hybrid, responded differently to fertilization than the other varieties only for biomass production, (iv) late fertilizer application treatment (T4) gave higher grain yield than the recommended practice (T2) in the environment with low yield potential, and (v) long cycle duration genotypes benefited better from late fertilization compared to short cycle duration genotypes. This study showed that under Sudano-Sahelian conditions late fertilization of sorghum can be beneficial to grain yield if the rainy season has a slow start, depending on sorghum genotypes (i.e., cycle length), and on the initial N content of the soil.

scholarly journals Effect of Inorganic Fertilizer Micro-dosing and Weed Management Regimes on Finger Millet Productivity in Uganda

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Joseph Ekwangu ◽  
John Steven Tenywa ◽  
Jenifer Bisikwa ◽  
Charles Andiku ◽  
Paul Anguria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Short Rains ◽  
Treatment Structure ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Finger millet yields in farmers’ fields are low primarily due to low soil fertility and poor weed management. Fertilizer application could be one of the key strategies used to address the problem. However, due to high cost of fertilizer, its utilization has been limited to very few farmers in the country. Consequently, a study was conducted in Kuju sub-county, Amuria district in Eastern Uganda during 2016 long and short rains to determine the effect of micro dosing and weeding time on finger millet performance and weed growth. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design in a split plot treatment structure. Weeding times constituted the main plot [weeding at 20 DAS (days after sowing), 30 DAS, 45 DAS, and 20 & 45 DAS (double weeding)], while fertilizer rates (N 16.6 kg ha-1 + P2O5 10.6 kg ha-1; P2O5 10.6 kg ha-1; N 16.6 kg ha-1; N0 + P0, and N 83 kg ha-1 + P2O5 52 kg ha-1) constituted the sub plots. Results of this study revealed that the interaction between weeding at 45 DAS and fertilizer micro-dosing significantly (P < 0.05) reduced weed biomass (7.7 × 10-4 kg ha-1) without significant increase in finger-millet grain yield. Interaction of fertilizer micro-dosing (N 16.6 kg ha-1 + P2O5 10.6 kg ha-1) with weeding once at 20 DAS recorded the highest (2292 kg ha-1) finger millet grain yield with significant (P < 0.05) reduction in days to finger millet flowering. Therefore, it is recommended that fertilizer micro-dosing at N 16.6 kg ha-1 + P2O5 10.6 kg ha-1 and weeding once at 20 DAS can be used to control weeds and enhance finger-millet productivity.

scholarly journals Nutrient uptake, use efficiency and productivity of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as affected by nitrogen and potassium fertilizer in Keddida Gamela Woreda, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Temesgen Godebo ◽  
Fanuel Laekemariam ◽  
Gobeze Loha
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Use Efficiency

AbstractBread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in Ethiopia. The productivity of wheat is markedly constrained by nutrient depletion and inadequate fertilizer application. The experiment was conducted to study the effect of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) fertilizer rates on growth, yield, nutrient uptake and use efficiency during 2019 cropping season on Kedida Gamela Woreda, Kembata Tembaro Zone Southern Ethiopia. Factorial combinations of four rates of N (0, 23, 46 and 69 kg Nha−1) and three rates of K2O (0, 30 and 60 kg Nha−1) in the form of urea (46–0-0) and murate of potash (KCl) (0-0-60) respectively, were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that most parameters viz yield, yield components, N uptake and use efficiency revealed significant differences (P < 0.05) due to interaction effects of N and K. Fertilizer application at the rate of 46 N and 30 kg K ha−1 resulted in high grain yield of 4392 kg ha− 1 and the lowest 1041 from control. The highest agronomic efficiency of N (52.5) obtained from the application of 46 kg N ha−1. Maximum physiological efficiency of N (86.6 kg kg−1) and use efficiency of K (58.6%) was recorded from the interaction of 46 and 30 kg K ha−1. Hence, it could be concluded that applying 46 and 30 kg K ha−1was resulted in high grain yield and economic return to wheat growing farmers of the area. Yet, in order to draw sound conclusion, repeating the experiment in over seasons and locations is recommended.

scholarly journals Comparison of Fish Pond Waste Water with Manures under Garden Egg in Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic J. Udoh ◽  
Otobong B. Iren ◽  
Jeremiah E. Jonathan
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Fish Pond ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Total N ◽  
Cropping Seasons

<p class="1Body">Two field experiments were conducted from 2012 to 2013 cropping seasons to evaluate the efficacy and also determine the optimum rates of application for fish pond waste water in comparison with three other manures including one inorganic fertilizer and two organic manures under garden egg (<em>Solanum spp.</em>) crop.Garden egg was fertilized with pond waste water (PW), poultry manure (PM), pig manure (PG) and NPK15:15:15 at equivalent nitrogen (N) rates (0, 150, 300, 450 kg/ha). The treatments were arranged in a split plot under randomized complete block design (RCBD).The results obtained indicated a slight drop in soil pH but soil OM, total N, available P, exchangeable Ca and K increased generally with increasing rates of manures. The PW and PG treatments supported significantly (P&lt;0.05) the highest yields of the crop compared to PM and NPK with the 150 and 300 kg/ha treatments recording the highest increase. These results have shown that under the high rainfall and acidic soil conditions of Akwa Ibom State in Nigeria, PW is useful for the improvement of soil conditions and achievement of higher crop yields when applied at rates that supply N in the range of 150 – 300 kg/ha.</p>

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