scholarly journals The effect of age, birth weight and milk suction time on some carcass characteristics and load distribution ratio (LDR): Eastern Anatolian red cattle example in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
Sadrettin Yüksel ◽  
Alpay Karaçuhalılar ◽  
Burcuhan Balta ◽  
Usame Şimşek ◽  
Fatma Yüksel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Load Distribution ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Carcass Characteristic ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Intensive System

The aim of this research is to evaluate the current situation and create a model for some countries involved in animal production. Eastern Anatolian Red (EAR) breed that adapts to arid and barren areas has been raised in Turkey. The experimental animals comprised 31 head of EAR cows of different ages, fed on pastures and in the barn. This study determined the effects of age, birth weight and suction time on carcass characteristics of EAR cows. The animals were divided into 6 groups based on birth weight, 4 groups based on age and 6 groups based on milk suction time. They were reared under a conventional system that was based on grazing during summer and a semi-intensive system during winter. Carcass length, fat thickness over longissimus dorsi, marbling score, and LDR were significantly (P< 0.05) affected by age group. Significant (P< 0.05) differences were noted for carcass length, fat thickness over LD, and marbling score among animals with different birth weights. The milk suction time had a significant (P< 0.05) effect on all the parameters measured. In this research, the 4th age group was seen advantageous based on carcass characteristics and LDR and resembled other groups. As indicated in the study, the carcass characteristic output from the 2nd birth weight group shows that carcass length was a far more important output than other carcass portions or carcass quality parameters. Similarly, the 1st group based on milk suction time came to the forefront for some carcass characteristic, although it indicated partial similarity with other groups.

PSVIII-21 Multi-strain probiotics improved carcass characteristics and meat quality in pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 426-426
Author(s):  
Ting-Yu Lee ◽  
San-Land Young ◽  
Chin-Sheng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Pork Quality ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Carcass Characteristic

Abstract Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. Many studies have demonstrated that probiotics could enhance the growth performance of swine, but rare evidence on meat quality. Therefore, a combination of Lactobacillus and Bacillus strains, SYNLACTMLeanAd (SLA), on carcass characteristic, meat quality and cecal microbiota of pig was conducted. 60 LYD weaned pigs were randomly allotted to control (corn-SBM based diet, CT), antibiotic (basal diet with 200 ppm Amoxicillin, AB), and multi-strain probiotics (basal diet with SLA at 106 CFU/g feed, SLA). Pigs fed treatment diets from 7 to 130 Kg BW (24 wks) with 20 pigs/TRT, and individual pigs used as experimental unit for carcass evaluation. There were no differences on carcass weight and carcass yield. Lean percentage of CT, AB and SLA were 54.01, 51.54, and 54.75%, respectively (P &gt; 0.05) with subcutaneous fat 21.59, 21.21, 17.22%, and backfat 3.08, 3.21, 2.76 cm, individually (P &gt; 0.05). However, the longissimus muscles area was improved (62.77 vs. 68.42 vs. 91.59 cm2, P &lt; 0.05), loin weight increased (3.52 vs. 3.49 vs. 4.52 Kg, P &lt; 0.05) with greater marbling score (2.38 vs. 1.80 vs.2.78, P &lt; 0.05) in SLA. Sensory evaluation showed pigs fed SLA had higher juiciness score (3.55 vs. 3.18 vs. 3.91, P &lt; 0.05) with better overall acceptance. It is unclear pork quality was different between treatments; however, cecal microbiome gene sequencing suggested a potential linkage of gut microbiota modification and pork quality by AB or SLA feeding.

scholarly journals Effect of age at slaughter on carcass characteristics and carcass composition in lambs of mountain Greek breeds

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 311-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Skapetas ◽  
E. Sinapis ◽  
J. Hatziminaouglou ◽  
A. Karalazos ◽  
J. Katanos
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Slaughter Age ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Effect Of Age

Forty male lambs of the mountain Greek breed were used to evaluate the effect of age at slaughter on carcass characteristics and composition. The slaughter of lambs was carried out at the age of 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days. The slaughter procedure, carcass dissection and carcass composition were realized according to the standard method of CIHEAM-AGRIMED programme. The results of this work showed that the lambs of different age groups did not differ in dressing percentage significantly. The proportion of muscles showed a tendency of increase with the increasing slaughter age but the differences were not significant. The proportion of total fat in carcass increased with the increasing slaughter age from 20.84 to 23.59% for the age group of 30 and 90 days, respectively (P &lt; 0.05). On the contrary, as the age at slaughter increased, the proportion of bones decreased (P &lt; 0.05). Subcutaneous, intermuscular, perinephric and pelvic fats increased with the slaughter age, but only the subcutaneous fat was influenced significantly (P &lt; 0.05). Among the different commercial cuts proportions of long leg, first 5 ribs and shoulder decreased, while those of last 8 ribs-loin and breast-flank increased (P &lt; 0.05). The overall results suggest that the slaughter age of lambs of the mountain Greek breed should be increased from the present ~45 days to more advanced age of 75 or 90 days in order to improve the farmers&rsquo; profits without serious negative effects on the quality of carcasses or meat of lambs. &nbsp; &nbsp;

scholarly journals Effect of metabolizable protein intake on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and feeding behavior in finishing steers

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1173-1181
Author(s):  
Leonardo G Sitorski ◽  
Marc L Bauer ◽  
Kendall C Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Quadratic Effect ◽  
Metabolizable Protein ◽  
Finishing Steers ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Time Eating

Abstract One-hundred thirty-two finishing steers (300 ± 2.7 kg body weight [BW]) predominately of Angus, Simmental, and Shorthorn breeding were used to study the effect of metabolizable protein (MP) intake on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and feeding behavior. Steers were stratified by initial BW across five pens and randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments to supply an average of 626, 906, 1,209, and 1,444 g MP/d (n = 33 per treatment). Feed intake and feeding behavior were measured using radio frequency identification tags and the Insentec feeding system. For feeding behavior, a visit was defined as each time the Insentec system detected a steer at the feed bunk. A meal was defined as eating periods by intervals no longer than 7 min. Steers were fed until they reached an average BW of 598 ± 3.1 kg. Average daily gain (ADG) responded quadratically (P &lt; 0.01) with ADG increasing in steers fed 906 g MP/d and plateauing thereafter. Dry-matter intake (DMI; kg) responded quadratically (P = 0.009) with DMI increasing with MP intake up to 1,209 g/d MP and decreasing thereafter. Gain to feed ratio (G:F) increased linearly (P = 0.04) and tended (P = 0.10) to respond quadratically, as G:F increased up to 906 g MP/d and plateaued thereafter. A quadratic response (P = 0.04 and P = 0.02, respectively) was observed for marbling score and 12th rib subcutaneous fat thickness with steers fed 1,209 g MP/d having the greatest marbling score and back fat thickness. A quadratic effect for visits and meals per day was observed (P &lt; 0.01) with steers fed the 1,209 g MP/d treatment having the least visits and meals per day. In addition, time eating per visit responded quadratically (P = 0.05) with time increasing from 626 to 906 g MP/d. There was a linear increase (P ≤ 0.02) in time eating per meal and per day with increasing MP intake. A quadratic effect (P &lt; 0.03) was observed for DMI per visit, meal, and minute with steers fed 1,209 g MP/d having the greatest DMI. In summary, steers fed 626 g MP/d had increased visits and meals per day. However, DMI per visit, meal, and minute were greater in steers fed 1,209 g MP/d. A day × treatment interaction (P &lt; 0.001) was observed for plasma urea N as concentrations increased to a greater extent over time in the higher MP treatments than in the lower MP treatments. These data indicate that MP supply (from deficient to excess) influences growth performance, carcass characteristics, and feeding behavior of finishing steers.

Effect of Age and Season on the Seminal Traits of Pure HF Bulls Under Tropical Condition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S H Sontakke ◽  
V H Shende ◽  
Ajeet Singh ◽  
J R Khadse ◽  
V V Potdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tropical Condition ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Group 6 ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Intensive System

The study was conducted to assess the effect of age and season on seminal traits of pure HF bulls under tropical condition. A total of 30 HF bulls of age group up to 3, 4-5, 6-7, 8 and above 8 years were selected and divided into 3 seasons viz rainy, summer and winter. The breeding bulls were kept under intensive system of rearing as per MSP guidelines of India. Semen was collected, evaluated and data analyzed by using standard procedures. The overall production and all the seminal traits viz volume, initial motility and post thaw motility was found to be better in summer season as compare to rainy and winter season. However, there was no significant change in concentration due to season. Among all the age groups, 8 years and above were found to produce highest volume, post thaw motility and eventually more production. Highest percentage of initial motility was recorded among the youngest group of bulls and concentration was significantly (plessthan0.01) high in the age group 6-7years followed by 8 and above 8 years of age. The study revealed that age and season have highly significant (plessthan0.01) effect on all the seminal traits and production.

scholarly journals Carcass characteristics of immunocastrated steers finished on diets with different energy patterns

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.F. De Moura ◽  
D.C.A. Filho ◽  
I.L. Brondani ◽  
L.B. Pereira ◽  
G. Joner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Levels ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of various dietary energy levels on the carcass and meat characteristics of feedlot-finished steers. A total of 27 purebred and crossbred Charolais and Nellore steers were used, with a mean initial age of 22 months and weight of 253 kg. The animals were allotted to a completely randomized design with three treatments and nine replicates each. Dietary treatments were arranged so that the average forage to concentrate ratio (FCR) was equivalent to that of a constant FCR treatment. The treatments consisted of CT (constant FCR at 60 to 40), CT5 (starting with 70: 30 FCR and finishing with 50: 50 FCR, that is, a mean overall FCR of 60: 40), and CT10 (starting with 80: 20 FCR and finishing with 40: 60, that is, a mean overall FCR of 60: 40). The dietary treatments did not affect slaughter weight, carcass weight, carcass conformation, physiological maturity, subcutaneous fat thickness, ribeye area, marbling score, and carcass measurements or the yield of commercial cuts. Chilling loss was higher in CT10 steers (2.41%) than in CT (2.26%) and CT5 (2.15%).

273 Effect of Feedlot Implant Dose and Terminal Window Timing on Heifer Performance and Carcass Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 131-131
Author(s):  
Nathan Pyatt ◽  
Gary Vogel ◽  
Mike Brown ◽  
Frank White ◽  
William Kayser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Quality Grade ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Main Effects

Abstract Feedlot heifers (n = 3,778; initial BW = 310 kg; SD = 28 kg) were utilized in a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement (9 pens/treatment) to investigate increasing implant dose and terminal window (TW) timing on growth and carcass merit. Component with Tylan® implant dose treatments were 1. Initial TE-IH [80 mg trenbolone acetate (TBA), 8 mg estradiol (E2)] and terminal TE-H (140 mg TBA, 14 mg E2; IH/H), 2. Initial TE-IH and terminal TE-200 (200 mg TBA, 20 mg E2; IH/200), or 3. Initial TE-200 and terminal TE-200 (200/200). Heifers were fed 171 d with terminal implant administered 100 or 60 d prior to slaughter; initial implant window was inverse (71 or 111 d) to TW. Data were analyzed as a mixed model with block included as a random effect. No significant dose x TW interactions occurred for growth or carcass characteristics (P ≥ 0.06) therefore, main effects are presented. Terminal window treatments resulted in similar (P &gt; 0.25) live performance. Heifers reimplanted 60 d prior to slaughter had improved (P &lt; 0.05) marbling score and lower YG2 carcasses. Final weight, gain, HCW, yield, and LM area increased (linear; P &lt; 0.05), while marbling score and fat thickness decreased (linear; P &lt; 0.05) with increasing heifer implant dose. Heifers implanted with IH/200 had lower (P &lt; 0.05) DMI compared to IH/H. IH/200 and 200/200 had improved (+2.1%; P &lt; 0.05) efficiency compared to IH/H. HCW for 200/200 was +3.2 and 5.5 kg greater than IH/200 and IH/H, respectively. 200/200 were leaner with +7.4% YG 1&2 and -5.4% YG 4&5, but -8.5% Prime & Choice carcass compared to IH/H. Shortening TW from 100 to 60 d prior to slaughter did not alter growth performance. Increased implant dose in heifers improved gain, efficiency, HCW and yield with some quality grade considerations.

The relationship between beef sire carcass EPD and progeny phenotype

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Crews
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Effect Of Age

Carcass data from purebred steer (n = 207) and heifer (n = 66) progeny of 15 Charolais sires with carcass expected progeny differences (EPD) were used to quantify the relationship between sire EPD and progeny phenotype for hot carcass weight, fat thickness, muscle area, marbling score, and percent lean yield. The model included six slaughter date × sex subclasses, the linear effect of age at harvest (434 ± 18 d), and the appropriate sire EPD for each trait of interest. Differences of the regression coefficients from their theoretical expectation of one were tested using general linear models procedures. Sire EPD was positively (P < 0.0001) associated with progeny performance for hot carcass weight, fat thickness, muscle area, marbling score, and percent lean yield. For all traits, the regression coefficients were not different (P > 0.27) from one. Regression coefficients were 1.16 ± 0.41 kg, 1.27 ± 0.27 mm, 1.23 ± 0.23 cm2, 1.26 ± 0.23 score, and 0.84 ± 0.19% for hot carcass weight, fat thickness, muscle area, marbling score, and percent lean yield, respectively. These results suggest that carcass EPD for hot carcass weight, fat thickness, muscle area, marbling score, and percent lean yield were related to progeny differences at or near theoretical expectations. Selection for carcass merit using appropriate EPD would be expected to be successful. Key words: Beef cattle, carcass, expected progeny difference

scholarly journals Effect of silage source, physically effective neutral detergent fiber, and undigested neutral detergent fiber concentrations on performance and carcass characteristics of finishing steers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M C S Pereira ◽  
W Z Yang ◽  
K A Beauchemin ◽  
T A McAllister ◽  
K M Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Liver Abscesses ◽  
Finishing Steers ◽  
Quality Grade ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Barley Silage

Abstract This study was designed to evaluate the effect of silage source (barley vs. wheat silage) when harvested at two chop lengths (low vs. high physically effective NDF [peNDF]) and when barley silage was partially replaced with straw to increase the undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) concentration on performance and carcass characteristics of finishing steers. Four hundred and fifty yearling commercial crossbred steers with an initial body weight (BW) of 432 ± 30.5 kg were allocated to 30 pens and fed diets containing 90% concentrate:10% forage for 123 days in a completely randomized block design with a 2×2 + 1 factorial arrangement. Treatments included: 1) barley silage (BarS) with low peNDF (LpeNDF); 2) BarS with high peNDF (HpeNDF); 3) BarS with straw to yield a diet with LpeNDF + uNDF; 4) wheat silage (WhS) LpeNDF; and 5) WhS HpeNDF. There were no silage x peNDF interactions for dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), or gain to feed ratio (G:F), but cattle fed WhS LpeNDF had a lower (P &lt; 0.01) proportion of yield grade 3 and a greater proportion in yield grade 2 carcasses than cattle fed BarS LpeNDF or HpeNDF and WhS HpeNDF. Cattle fed WhS LpeNDF had greater (P = 0.02) incidence of severe liver abscesses when compared to cattle fed BarS LpeNDF or HpeNDF and WhS HpeNDF. Cattle fed BarS consumed less (P &lt; 0.01) uNDF as a percentage of BW, had increased (P = 0.02) ADG, heavier (P = 0.02) hot carcass weight, with greater (P = 0.01) back fat thickness, and (P &lt; 0.01) incidence of minor liver abscesses when compared to cattle fed WhS. Feeding HpeNDF did not affect DMI, ADG, or G:F, but increased (P = 0.02) marbling score, and reduced (P &lt; 0.01) the proportion AA quality grade and increased (P &lt; 0.01) those classified as AAA as compared to cattle fed LpeNDF. Cattle fed low uNDF had lesser (P &lt; 0.01) uNDF intake as a percentage of BW, greater dressing percentage (P = 0.01), had a lower (P &lt; 0.01) proportion of carcasses in yield grade 2, and a greater (P &lt; 0.01) proportion of carcasses in yield grade 3 when compared to cattle fed high uNDF. Thus, silage source, peNDF, and uNDF content do not impact DMI or G:F when diets contain 10% forage, but BarS relative to WhS as well increasing the peNDF concentration may increase ADG, HCW, back fat thickness, dressing percentage, marbling score and carcasses classified as quality grade AAA. Future research is needed to evaluate the usefulness of peNDF and uNDF in rations for finishing cattle.

scholarly journals PSV-34 Carcass characteristics of Criollo and Criollo crossbred steers raised on Chihuahuan Desert rangeland

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 338-338
Author(s):  
Matthew McIntosh ◽  
Andres Cibils ◽  
Rick Estell ◽  
Alfredo Gonzalez ◽  
Sheri Spiegal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Dakota ◽  
Chihuahuan Desert ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Quality Grade ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Abstract We compared carcass characteristics of 11 Raramuri Criollo (RC) and 8 Criollo x Brangus crossbred (XC) steers raised together on Chihuahuan Desert rangeland. Steers entered the trial (completely randomized design) at approximately 5 months of age (December, 2015). Initial weights of RC and XC steers were 233.7 ± 7.8 and 231.4 ± 9.2 kg, respectively. Steers weighed 423.1 ± 7.8 (RC) and 483.0 ± 9.2 (XC) kg at 29 months of age (February 1, 2018), before being shipped to South Dakota where they were fed hay for approximately one month until slaughter (February 28, 2018). Carcass characteristics, such as hot (HCW) and cold carcass weights (CCW), preliminary yield grade (PYG), ribeye area (REA), marbling score (MS), and quality grade (QG) were assessed. Breed effects for all variables (excluding QG) were analyzed using SAS Proc Mixed; SAS Proc Npar1way was used to evaluate QG. Compared to XC, RC steers had lighter (P &lt; 0.01) HCW (220 ± 5 vs. 265 ± 6 kg) and CCW (210 ± 5 vs. 254 ± 6 kg), and smaller (P &lt; 0.01) REA (56 ± 1.4 vs. 61.7 ± 1.6 cm2). No differences (P &gt; 0.05) were observed between RC and XC steers in PYG (2.3 ± 0 vs. 2.4 ± 0.2) or MS (452 ± 31 vs. 456 ± 36). Average QG for all carcasses was between high standard and low choice and was not different (P &gt; 0.05) for RC versus XC carcasses. Our preliminary results show no major difference in carcass quality parameters of RC and XC steers developed on Chihuahuan Desert rangeland.

Association of carcass weight with quality and functional properties of beef from Hanwoo steers

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh D. Jayasena ◽  
Ki Chang Nam ◽  
Jong Ju Kim ◽  
Hyeonju Ahn ◽  
Cheorun Jo
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Native Cattle ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Beef Marbling ◽  
Intramuscular Fat Content

The association of carcass weight with quality and functional properties of Hanwoo (Korean native cattle) beef was investigated. The carcasses of 250 Hanwoo steers were categorised into light (<375 kg; n = 74), medium (375–425 kg; n = 76) and heavy (>425 kg; n = 100) groups and were evaluated for back fat thickness, rib eye area, and beef marbling score 24 h postmortem using the Korean carcass grading system. Rib eye area, back fat thickness, and marbling score significantly increased (P < 0.05) with increasing carcass weight. However, marbling score and intramuscular fat content showed only a little increase (P < 0.05) beyond a limit of 375 kg. Inosine-5′-monophosphate concentration was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in medium and heavy carcasses. Carnosine concentration was significantly higher in medium carcasses. Total saturated fatty acid content and n-6 : n-3 ratio decreased as carcass weight increased (P < 0.05). Medium and heavy carcasses had significantly higher (P < 0.05) scores for sensory quality parameters. Overall, medium carcasses of Hanwoo displayed optimal sensory and health benefits while minimising the economic disadvantages of growing cattle to heavier weights.

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