scholarly journals Monitoring of radionuclides in carbon steel blooms produced by EAF process

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Sofilic ◽  
D. Barisic ◽  
U. Sofilic ◽  
J. Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Steel Scrap ◽  
Steel Mill ◽  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Artificial Radionuclides ◽  
Steel Making ◽  
Natural Isotopes

Because natural and artificial isotopes in steel might originate from steel scrap or from the residue of the material that was used in the technological process, thus monitoring especially artificial radionuclides 60Co, 137Cs and 192Ir deserve special attention. The analysis by g-spectrometry has been applied to determine the presence of natural isotopes 40K, 226Ra, 232Th and 238U as well as of the artificial isotope 60Co, 137Cs and 192Ir and their activity in the produced steel round blooms in the Steel Mill of CMC Sisak d.o.o. At the same time the content of radionuclides in the other materials (ferroalloys, bauxite, fluorite, lime, coke, graphite electrodes, refractory blocks) used in the same steel making process was investigated. The measured values regarding the presence of individual isotopes and their activity in steel were as follows: 40K all values were less than 1.6 Bqkg-1; 232Th all activities values were less than 0.02 Bqkg-1; 226Ra all activities values were less than 0.01 Bqkg-1; 238U all activities values were less than 1.10 Bqkg-1; 60Co all activities values were less than 0.02 Bqkg-1; 192Ir all activities values were less than 0.02 Bqkg-1 and 137Cs all activities values were less than 0.30 Bqkg-1.

CALCULATION OF STAGES OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF PPD DETECTORS USING COMPUTER MATHEMATICAL MODELING AND PRODUCTION OF ALPHA RADIOMETER ON THEIR BASIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
SALI RADZHAPOV ◽  
◽  
RUSTAM RAKHIMOV ◽  
BEGJAN RADZHAPOV ◽  
MARS ZUFAROV
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Silicon Detector ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Alpha Radiation ◽  
Initial Silicon ◽  
Natural Isotopes

The article describes the developed radiometer for Express measurement of alpha radiation of radioactive elements based on a large-diameter silicon detector. The main element of the PPD detector is made using computer mathematical modeling of all stages of the technological process of manufacturing detectors, taking into account at each stage the degree of influence of the properties of the initial silicon on the electrophysical and radiometric characteristics of the detector. Detectors are manufactured for certain types of devices. The developed radiometer is designed to measure alpha radiation of natural isotopes (238U, 234U, 232Th, 226Ra, 222Rn, 218Po, 214Bi, etc.) in various environments. It also shows the principle of operation of the device, provides a block diagram of the measuring complex, describes the electronic components of the radiometer, as well as the block diagram. Signal transformations (spectrum transfer, filtering, accumulation) are implemented programmatically on the basis of a digital processing module. The device can detect the presence of specific elements in various environments, as well as protect people from the harmful effects of adverse radiation and can be used both in the field and stationary.

Effects of over Heat and Casting Speed on Quality of GCr15 Billet

2014 ◽  
Vol 997 ◽  
pp. 534-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Wei Zuo ◽  
Xia An ◽  
Jing Bo Yang ◽  
Da Qiang Cang
Keyword(s):  
Casting Speed ◽  
The Other ◽  
Steel Making ◽  
Average Grade ◽  
Upset Forging ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Center Porosity

In order to improve the quality of the billets, the whole test proceedings by the comparison of the two casting conditions which one is over heat 20°C-30°C under casting speed 0.4m/min-0.6m/min and the other is over heat 10°C-15 °C under casting speed 1.3m/min-1.6m/min are checked during the produce process of GCr15 in some domestic steel-making plant. The results show that the average grade of general porosity decreases 1.0, the average grade of center porosity down 0.5, the average grade of center segregation fall 0.5 and the samples tested in hot upset forging perform better than before. According to the results, the latter is determined to be accepted.

A Study on the smelting process of low carbon steel scrap and sponge iron in medium frequency induction furnace for production of front bumper beams

2021 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Dung Ngo Quoc ◽  
◽  
Viet Nguyen Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Induction Furnace ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Steel Grade ◽  
Sponge Iron ◽  
Smelting Process ◽  
Steel Scrap ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Medium Frequency

MS1200 steel grade is now widely utilized in the automotive sector because it is a good solution for the current trend of vehicle chassis frame construction. This research presents a technology procedure for producing MS1200 steel grade from low carbon steel scrap and sponge iron – a product of MIREX Vietnam. The smelting using up to 30 % sponge iron briquettes combined with low carbon scrap, FeSi, FeMn, FeCr, FeTi,… was realized in a medium frequency induction furnace. The heat treatment for forged steel was performed to obtain required properties. The steel product has the following properties: tensile strength σb = 1280 MPa, yield strength σ0.2 = 990 MPa and impact toughness ak = 769 J/mm2, that meets the need of industrial use.

Computer Simulation of Kinematics of Plastic Flow and the Deformed Condition of Metal at Processes Equal-Channel Angular Pressing

2008 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 1077-1082
Author(s):  
Aleksandr V. Belevich ◽  
D.M. Babin
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Plastic Flow ◽  
Equal Channel Angular Pressing ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Equal Channel Angular Extrusion ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Angular Pressing ◽  
The Given ◽  
Local Parameters

Object of researches in the given paper is the technological process of obtaining from carbon steel method equal-channel angular extrusion (ECAE) on one pass. The purpose of theoretical research is the working of recomdations on projection of the process with the help of a designed technique of simulation of process ECAE in CAE systems. Calculations were done under variable conditions ECAE over the range changes of parameters: a corner of intersection of channels Ф from 90 up to 150 grades, speed of driving press from 0,05 m/s up to 0,2 m/s, temperature from 20°С up to 600°С. As a result quantitative links of local parameters (stresses, strains and temperature) are established with geometrical and technological ECAE parameters to one separate pass. Regularities of change of parameters to ECAE process of cylindrical preforms in diameter of 20 mm and 30 mm are established (steel 0,15%С), are investigated; character of change of a tension in the instrument and power conditions of the process was studied.

Effect of Steel Making Slag on Castability of Medium Carbon Re-Sulfur Steel Grades

2012 ◽  
Vol 585 ◽  
pp. 364-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ashok ◽  
J. Venkatesan ◽  
P.G. Venkatakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Liquid Steel ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Submerged Entry Nozzle ◽  
Steel Mill ◽  
Cored Wire ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Steel Making ◽  
Steel Maker ◽  
Steel Grades

Abstract. One of the everlasting problems existing in alloy steel plant is clogging of Submerged Entry Nozzle(SEN) due to accumulation of De-oxidized/Re-oxidized products while casting Medium Carbon Re-Sulfur Steel grades(forging grades).After complete De-sulphurization and De-oxidation, liquid steel have been subjected to Ca-treatment which promote deep De-oxidation and deep De-sulphurization in addition to inclusion morphology control. Finally liquid steel have been injected with sulfur cored wire for chemistry requirement of 0.02-0.035%. All these conditions encourage thermodynamically favorable conditions for formation of various combination of oxide and sulphide inclusions which are highly detrimental to castability in continuous casting of integrated steel mill. This becomes one of the major process interruptions which directly terminate production capacity day by day and also affects the quality of cast product. As well said before “Best Slag Maker Is Best Steel Maker”, we mainly focused on secondary steel making slag at different stages, and found the relation of castability with respect to slag behavior. We arrived at optimal slag nature for better castability in continuous casting of steel.

Effect of Different Dopants in Films TEOS/MPTS Used to Protect the Carbon Steel

2014 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 167-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.S. Silva ◽  
P.H. Suegama ◽  
W.P. Silva ◽  
A.W. Rinaldi ◽  
N.L.C. Domingues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Open Circuit Potential ◽  
Hybrid Film ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Hybrid Films ◽  
Impedance Measurements ◽  
Current Densities

Schiff bases m-toluene N-Salicylideneaniline (m-TOL), (B) m-nitro-N- Salicylideneaniline (m-NTR) and (C) m-methoxy-N-salicylideneaniline (m-MTX) and cerium ions were studied added to 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution and added to the hybrid film based tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) e 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTS). The polarization measurements showed lower current densities for the steel in NaCl with m-MTX, indicating that the m-MTX may be acting as an inhibitor. The hybrid films were doped with the m-MTX, Ce (III) or Ce (IV). Electrochemical measurements of open circuit potential (EOC), polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), were used to evaluate the corrosion behavior of the hybrid films. According Electrochemical Impedance measurements, all hybrid films, provided protection to the carbon steel. The films doped with Ce (IV), provided greater protection than the other, which indicates that this is the most suitable dopant for use in films.

Common Defect Analysis for Large Section Special Steel Forging

2017 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 1208-1214
Author(s):  
Xin Li Wen ◽  
Jian Peng Gao ◽  
Yuan Guo La
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
High Carbon Steel ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Steel Mill ◽  
Large Section ◽  
Slow Cooling ◽  
Special Steel ◽  
Steel Forging ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Defect

In order to Figure the common defect in large section special steel forging and find the solution, systematic study was carried out on hundreds of large section special steel forgings in a domestic famous steel mill. The steels included: low-carbon steel Q345D/E, medium-carbon steel 27SiMn, high-carbon steel GCr15SiMn, stainless steel 20Cr13. Both the amount and type of all the defect in the above steel were calculated and analyzed. The results showed that the common defects of the steel were slags, inclusions, loose (cavity) and inner cracks. The evolution of the cavity in the ingot during forging process was simulated by a numerical simulation software Deform-3D. The inner cracks in Q345D/E and 27SiMn initiated after A→F+P transformation The cracks in GCr15SiMn formed after the precipitation of net-like proeutectoid carbides. The cracks in 20Cr13 formed after the precipitation of net-like carbides. The internal cause of the cracks was relevant to composition segregation and internal stress in the forging. The external cause was connected with effect of slow cooling. Based on the above study, a set of new process was proposed and put into industrial application, with the result that the qualified ratio of flaw inspection in the above steel mill was improved from 20% to above 87%.

Research in Vacuum Diffusion Bonding of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy and Type 25 Low Carbon Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
An Guo Huang ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Jing Fu Liu ◽  
Hu Zhang ◽  
Wei Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Diffusion Bonding ◽  
Intermediate Layer ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Energy Spectrometer ◽  
Surface Microstructures ◽  
Scanning Electron

To analyze the feasibility about diffusion bonding of Ti-6Al-4V alloy (represented by TC4 below) and type 25 low carbon steel (represented by 25-steel below), two kinds of experiments have been conducted by Gleeble-1500. One is directly diffusion bonding research of TC4 and 25-steel, the other is diffusion bonding of TC4 and 25-steel with adding Ni intermediate layer. The surface microstructures and the phase composition of bonding Joint have been systematic analysis through scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy spectrometer and XRD. Results indicated that the Ni intermediate layer largely improve the strength of joints observably, by suppressing the harmful diffusion between two sorts of based metal to avoid the appearance of harmful intermetallics in the joints.

Solution for Industrial Process Optimization

2015 ◽  
Vol 809-810 ◽  
pp. 1348-1353
Author(s):  
Alexandru Popa ◽  
Dan Ovidiu Glăvan ◽  
Adina Bucevschi ◽  
Doina Mortoiu ◽  
Marcelo Calvete Gaspar
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Process Optimization ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Process Optimisation ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Yarn Quality ◽  
Ring Frame ◽  
Spinning Process

The ring frame is the last machine in the technological process to obtain a high quality yarn. The existing machines in textile industry of our country are equipped with drafting assembly suitable for a series of adjustments. Besides this, the ring frames ensure high draft. The efficiency of this high drafts can be justified through their influence on ring frame production. Another technologic parameter that is related on one hand to the yarn quality and on the other hand to the production is the spindles speed. In this paper it is presented a solution for spinning process optimisation for a yarn Nm 52 made by 45% wool and 55% polyester.

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