scholarly journals Antifungal activity of plant essential oils against Verticillium dahliae Klebahn, the causal agent of verticillium wilt of pepper

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Jelena Lukovic ◽  
Biljana Todorovic ◽  
Svetlana Milijasevic-Marcic ◽  
Emil Rekanovic ◽  
Miroslav Kostic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Verticillium Wilt ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Black Pine ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Two Samples

Biofungicides based on plant oils have some advantages compared to chemical fungicides, especially considering their harmful effect on the environment. Twenty-two essential oils from Germany and Albania were assayed for inhibitory and fungicidal activity against Verticillium dahliae Klebahn, the causal agent of Verticillium wilt of pepper, using the macrodilution fumigant method. The concentrations of oils obtained in the vapour phase were: 0.02, 0.04, 0.08, 0.16 and 0.32 ?l ml-1 with determined minimum inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations. The strongest activity was shown by two samples of mint oil (Mentha piperita L.) at 0.02 ?l ml-1 of air, both from Germany and Albania, followed by plant essential oils of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus Labilardie), black pine (Pinus nigra L.) and cade (Juniperus oxycedrus L.), and all of them were lethal to the pathogen. Nine oils: two samples of mint, cade, eucalyptus, black pine, lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.), sage (Salvia officinalis L.) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) inhibited the growth of Verticillium dahliae, while five oils (two samples of mint, eucalyptus, black pine and cade) showed fungicidal effects on the pathogen. These results showed that mint, eucalyptus, black pine and cade essential oils have a potential for further in vivo experiments against Verticillium dahliae.

scholarly journals Toxicity of plant essential oils to Cryphonectria parasitica (Murr.) barr, the causal agent of chestnut blight

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Jelena Lukovic ◽  
Ivana Potocnik ◽  
Emil Rekanovic ◽  
Svetlana Milijasevic-Marcic ◽  
Biljana Todorovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Cryphonectria Parasitica ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Chestnut Blight ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Black Pine ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Two Samples

Twenty-two essential oil samples from Germany and Albania were assayed to test their inhibitory and fungicidal activity against Cryphonectria parasitica (Murr.) Barr., the major causal agent of chestnut blight on chestnut trees, using the fumigant macrodilution method. Test concentrations of the oils in air phase were: 0.02, 0.04, 0.08, 0.16 and 0.32 ?l ml-1, and minimum inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations were determined. The strongest activity was shown by two samples of mint oil from Germany and Albania, and black pine at the concentration of 0.02 ?l ml-1 of air for both test isolates (M1 and 4S). The tested plant essential oils also included: eucalyptus, sage, silver fir and cade. Only three samples of EOs (mint (2) and black pine) were lethal to both isolates. Sage and silver fir oils were more toxic to the M1 isolate, while cade and eucalyptus oils were more toxic to the 4S isolate. Fifteen oils: mint (2), black pine, cade, eucalyptus, silver fir, sage, pine (4), oregano, lavender, and rosemary (2), inhibited the growth of Cryphonectria parasitica, and seven oils (two samples of mint, eucaliptus, black pine, sage, silver fir and cade) showed fungicidal effects on the pathogen.

Efficacy of Plant Essential Oils on Postharvest Control of Rots Caused by Fungi on Different Stone Fruits In Vivo

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
JORGE GIOVANNY LOPEZ-REYES ◽  
DAVIDE SPADARO ◽  
AMBRA PRELLE ◽  
ANGELO GARIBALDI ◽  
MARIA LODOVICA GULLINO
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Plant Essential Oils

The antifungal activity of plant essential oils was evaluated as postharvest treatment on stone fruit against brown rot and grey mold rot of stone fruit caused by Monilinia laxa and Botrytis cinerea, respectively. The essential oils from basil (Ocimum basilicum), fennel (Foeniculum sativum), lavender (Lavandula officinalis), marjoram (Origanum majorana), oregano (Origanum vulgare), peppermint (Mentha piperita), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), sage (Salvia officinalis), savory (Satureja montana), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), and wild mint (Mentha arvensis) were tested at two different concentrations on apricots (cv. Kyoto and cv. Tonda di Costigliole), nectarines (cv. Big Top and cv. Nectaross) and plums (cv. Italia and cv. TC Sun). The volatile composition of the essential oils tested was determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. The treatments containing essential oils from oregano, savory, and thyme at 1% (vol/vol) controlled both B. cinerea and M. laxa growing on apricots cv. Tonda di Costigliole and plums cv. Italia and cv. TC Sun; however, the same treatments were phytotoxic for the carposphere of nectarines cv. Big Top and cv. Nectaross. Treatments with 10% (vol/vol) essential oils were highly phytotoxic, notwithstanding their efficacy against the pathogens tested. The essential oils containing as major components α-pinene, p-cymene, carvacrol, and thymol showed similar results on stone fruit, so their antimicrobial activity and the phytotoxicity produced could be based on the concentration of their principal compounds and their synergistic activity. The efficacy of the essential oil treatments on control of fungal pathogens in postharvest depended on the fruit cultivar, the composition and concentration of the essential oil applied, and the length of storage.

THE ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS OBTAINED FROM SPECIES AND INTERSPECIES HYBRIDS OF THE Mentha GENUS AGAINST SELECTED PLANT PATHOGENIC BACTERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Schollenberger ◽  
Tomasz M. Staniek ◽  
Elżbieta Paduch-Cichal ◽  
Beata Dasiewicz ◽  
Agnieszka Gadomska-Gajadhur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Mentha Spicata ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Interspecies Hybrids

Plant essential oils of six aromatic herb species and interspecies hybrids of the family Lamiaceae – chocolate mint (Mentha piperita × ‘Chocolate’), pineapple mint (Mentha suaveolens ‘Variegata’), apple mint (Mentha × rotundifolia), spearmint (Mentha spicata), orange mint (Mentha × piperita ‘Granada’) and strawberry mint (Mentha × villosa ‘Strawberry’) – were investigated for antimicrobial effects against plant pathogenic bacteria: Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina. The screening was carried out in vitro on agar plates filled with the target organism. All essential oils screened exhibited a higher level of antibacterial activity against A. tumefaciens and X. arboricola pv. corylina than streptomycin used as a standard in all tests. The antimicrobial effect of streptomycin and five mint oils was at the same level for P. syringae pv. syringae. There were no significant differences in the influence of the chocolate mint oil on the growth inhibition of all bacteria tested. Plant essential oils from pineapple mint, apple mint, spearmint and strawberry mint showed the weakest antimicrobial activity against P. syringae pv. syringae and the strongest towards A. tumefaciens and X. arboricola pv. corylina. The essential oils from strawberry mint, pineapple mint, spearmint and apple mint had the strongest effect on A. tumefaciens, and the lowest inhibitory activity was exhibited by the chocolate mint and orange mint essential oils. X. arboricola pv. corylina was the most sensitive to the strawberry mint, pineapple mint and spearmint oils. The chocolate mint oil showed the greatest activity against P. syringae pv. syringae.

In vivo and in vitro control activity of plant essential oils against three strains of Aspergillus niger

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (27) ◽  
pp. 21948-21959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peeyush Kumar ◽  
Sapna Mishra ◽  
Atul Kumar ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Chandra Shekhar Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Control Activity ◽  
Plant Essential Oils

scholarly journals Management of Verticillium Wilt of Avocado Using Tolerant Rootstocks

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amnon Haberman ◽  
Leah Tsror (Lahkim) ◽  
Silit Lazare ◽  
Marina Hazanovsky ◽  
Sara Lebiush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Verticillium Wilt ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Abiotic Constraints ◽  
Massive Tree

The global avocado industry is growing, and farmers are seeking to expand their plantations. However, many lands suitable for avocado planting were previously cultivated with hosts of the soil-borne fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae, which is the causal agent of Verticillium wilt (VW). VW can seriously impair avocado orchards, and therefore, planting on infested soil is not recommended. The use of different rootstock types allows avocado cultivation in various regions with diverse biotic and abiotic constraints. Hence, we tested whether genetic variance among rootstocks may also be used to manage avocado VW. Six hundred trees, mostly Hass and some Ettinger, grafted on 23 selected rootstocks were evaluated for five years in a highly V. dahliae-inoculated plot for VW symptoms, fungal infection, and productivity. The selected rootstocks displayed a significant variation related to VW tolerance, and productive avocado rootstocks with potential VW tolerance were identified. Moreover, the rootstock productivity appears to correlate negatively to the susceptibility level. In conclusion, planting susceptible rootstocks (e.g., VC66, VC152, and VC26) in infested soil increases the likelihood of massive tree loss and low productivity. Whereas, tolerant rootstocks (e.g., VC804 and Dusa) may restrict VW and enable avocado cultivation on infested soils.

Antifungal, Antiaflatoxin and Antioxidant Activity of Plant Essential Oils and Their In Vivo Efficacy in Protection of Chickpea Seeds

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhanu Prakash ◽  
Akash Kedia ◽  
Aakanksha Singh ◽  
Shashi Yadav ◽  
Arti Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
In Vivo Efficacy ◽  
Plant Essential Oils

Expression Profile Analysis and Target Gene Prediction of Three Conserved MicroRNAs in Resistant Gossypium hirsutum Cv. KV-1 Responding to Verticillium dahliae

2014 ◽  
Vol 884-885 ◽  
pp. 441-445
Author(s):  
Xiao Hong He ◽  
Min Shi ◽  
Quan Sun ◽  
Ying Fan Cai
Keyword(s):  
Verticillium Wilt ◽  
Deep Sequencing ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Gene Prediction ◽  
Interaction Mechanism ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Two Samples

Plant microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of plant growth, development, flowering, metabolism, and responses to stress. Verticillium wilt is a vascular disease in plants caused by the fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae. In order to find and investigate miRNAs related to the upland cotton variety Zhongzhimian KV-1 resistant Verticillium wilt, deep sequencing technology was used to construct small RNA libraries of two samples, which from seedlings of KV-1 cotton by different pathogenicity strains Verticillium wilt pathogen infections. The V. dahliae strains D07038 and V991 were used in this study and are moderately virulent and virulent, respectively. miRNAs with differential expression among the samples were obtained through analysis of sequencing data and three miRNAs (miR1423a-5p, miR3444a-5p and miR5562) were chosen to be identified by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). At the same time, their target genes were predicted. The results of qRT-PCR were consistent, which indicated 3444a-5p and miR5562 were with the highest expression level in virulent condition, but miR1423a-5p was a low-level expression. The results of experiments agreed with deep sequencing data basically. Analysis of the transcript data for target genes of three conserved miRNAs indicated that they play an important role in plant-pathogen interaction mechanism. The identification and characterisation of miRNAs from upland cotton may help to further the study of miRNA regulatory mechanisms that are involved in resistance to Verticillium wilt.

scholarly journals Plant essential oils against bacteria isolated from fish: an in vitro screening and in vivo efficacy of Lippia origanoides

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guerino Bandeira Junior ◽  
Carine de Freitas Souza ◽  
Matheus Dellaméa Baldissera ◽  
Sharine Nunes Descovi ◽  
Bibiana Petri da Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Cupressus Sempervirens ◽  
Therapeutic Success ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Fish Bacteria

ABSTRACT: The use of natural products, such as essential oils (EOs), is a potential novel approach to treat fish bacterial infections with a lower risk of developing resistance. There has been a number of studies reporting the activity of EOs as those obtained from the species Achyrocline satureioides, Aniba parviflora, Aniba rosaeodora, Anthemis nobilis, Conobea scoparioides, Cupressus sempervirens, Illicium verum, Lippia origanoides, and Melaleuca alternifolia against bacteria. However, there are few studies investigating the effect of these EOs against fish bacteria. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of EOs against the following fish bacteria, Aeromonas hydrophila, Citrobacter freundii, and Raoultella ornithinolytica. Additionally, the in vivo antibacterial activity of the EO L. origanoides was evaluated against experimentally induced A. hydrophila infection of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). The EO of L. origanoides was chosen as it showed the highest in vitro antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 0.8 mg mL-1. This EO also presented a therapeutic success of 58.33%, on a 30 day A. hydrophila infection. Therefore, we suggested that the EO of L. origanoides may be a viable alternative as a treatment for A. hydrophila infection.

scholarly journals In vivo efficacy of carvacrol on Campylobacter jejuni prevalence in broiler chickens during an entire fattening period

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
V. Szott ◽  
B. Reichelt ◽  
T. Alter ◽  
A. Friese ◽  
U. Roesler
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Fattening Period

AbstractCarvacrol, a primary constituent of plant essential oils (EOs), and its antimicrobial activity have been the subject of many in vitro studies. Due to an increasing demand for alternative antimicrobials and an emerging number of antibiotic resistant bacteria, the use of essential oils has played a major role in many recent approaches to reduce Campylobacter colonization in poultry before slaughter age. For that purpose, the reducing effect of carvacrol on Campylobacter jejuni prevalence in broilers was determined in vivo in an experimental broiler chicken model during an entire fattening period. Carvacrol was added to the feed in a concentration of 120 mg/kg feed four days post hatch until the end of the trial. In this study, we demonstrated a statistically significant decrease of C. jejuni counts by 1.17 decadic logarithm (log10) most probable number (MPN)/g in cloacal swabs during starter and grower periods (corresponding to a broilers age between 1 and 28 days). Similar results were observed for colon enumeration at the end of the trial where C. jejuni counts were significantly reduced by 1.25 log10 MPN/g. However, carvacrol did not successfully reduce Campylobacter cecal colonization in 33-day-old broilers.

scholarly journals Effects of selected plant essential oils on the growth and development of mouse preimplantation embryos in vivo

2007 ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
M Domaracký ◽  
P Rehák ◽  
Š Juhás ◽  
J Koppel
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Fluorescent Microscopy ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Plant Essential Oils

Plant essential oils (EOs) have been reported to have health benefit properties and their preventive and therapeutic use in animals is expected to increase in the future. We evaluated the influence of five essential oils obtained from plant species which are known to have positive antimicrobial, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects--sage EO from Salvia officinalis L. (Lamiaceae), oregano EO from Origanum vulgare L. (Lamiaceae), thyme EO from Thymus vulgaris L. (Lamiaceae), clove EO from Syzygium aromaticum L. (Myrtaceae) and cinnamon EO from Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume (Lauraceae) on the growth and development of mouse preimplantation embryos in vivo. Essential oils were added to commercial diet at concentrations of 0.25% for sage EO, thyme EO, clove EO, cinnamon EO and 0.1% for oregano EO, and fed to ICR female mice for 2 weeks ad libitum. Females were then mated with males of the same strain. Embryos obtained on Day 4 of pregnancy at the blastocyst stage were stained by morphological triple staining (Hoechst, PI, Calcein-AM) and evaluated using fluorescent microscopy. The effects of essential oils were estimated by the viability of embryos, number of nuclei and distribution of embryos according to nucleus number. Cinnamon EO significantly decreased the number of nuclei and the distribution of embryos according to nucleus number was significantly altered. Sage EO negatively influenced the distribution of embryos according to nucleus number. Clove and oregano EOs induced a significantly increased rate of cell death. Only thyme EO had no detectable effects on embryo development. In conclusion, none of the essential oils had any positive effect on embryo development, but some of them reduced the number of cells and increased the incidence of cell death.

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