scholarly journals Diaspora and contemporary world - the need to change study approach

Sociologija ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 655-675
Author(s):  
Milica Veskovic-Andjelkovic
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Transnational Networks ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The World ◽  
Human And Social Capital

Diaspora phenomena, it?s characteristics and functions, were changing in a resent decade along with momentum of globalization notably. This requires new research approaches. Unlike a previous period when migrants visited their homelands rarely or never, they came more often today. They contact with friends and family nearly every day. Because of that, relationships besides members of diaspora and their Motherland is changed. Communications besides migrants and nonmigrants in the homeland make transnational networks which enable that migrants investing their resources without need for return and has a big potential for a Motherland?s prosperity. Intensivity of migrations in a every part of the world have impact to expanding migrants social networks (social capital become bigger) and acquiring a new knowledge (their human capital became bigger). That is reason for interest of policy makers became greather for human and social capital although it was only for monetary remittance earlier. New knowledge and technology application together with consultation with experts all around the world are available for the Motherland because diasporas social capital. They could be very important resource for its economically, cultural and social prosperity. However, it?s important to know that interaction with a people with a different culture has impact to change and experience of personal identity by migrants. That requires modification of earlier understanding identity members of diaspora. Theirs identity had a core in a national identity earlier, but today it has a form of hybridity. In a meso level, respecting by Motherland perspective, that?s mean that national identity doesn?t main motive for diaspora investing anymore and that?s important to make a new stimulating migration policy. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to point diaspora phenomena changing - change resources and influence to the Motherland. As a first, the emphasis is on transnational networks which change communication mode and relationship members of diaspora and Motherland, but they have impact to growth of social capital of migrants which could be invested in homeland potentially. These networks enable easier to acquire a knowledge and it?s transfer. That is why human capital become more readily available for the Motherland. But, hybrid diaspora identity must be motive for change state diaspora policy which was based in an emotional component of national identity. They must change in way of making a more favorable structural conditions for diaspora investment which is a preconditions to attracting human and social capital of diaspora that could have a big impact to the Motherland?s progress.

scholarly journals Intézményi elemek értékei a nemzeti vagyonban

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
László Török
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Institutional System ◽  
Human And Social Capital

Until the recent past economists identified the assets of a nation as the sum of material assets, humán and social capital. However they found, that the differences of the calculated national assets are not proportional to the welfare of the citizens of the compared countries, therefore they looked for further explanatory variables. The specialists of the World Bank according to the results of their research identified an invisible resource, which is the institutional system of the country. Present study examines ten Hungárián institutional components from the aspect of their value and examines how they are contributing to national assets, hereby how they serve the interest of social welfare.

Towards a more integrated view of entrepreneurial careers

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 756-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Zikic ◽  
Souha Ezzedeen
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Career Counseling ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Career Capital ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
Entrepreneurial Careers

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to employ intelligent career theory to simultaneously explore the relationships between three types of entrepreneurial career capital (i.e. motivations, human, and social capital). It illustrates the interconnectedness of these three forms of capital as an important way to study entrepreneurial careers and provide a new lens for understanding both personal and venture success. Design/methodology/approach – This qualitative study of 22 in depth semi-structured interviews explores career stories of entrepreneurs in the high tech industry. The interviews focus on examining three aspects of their career, motivations to become an entrepreneur, ways of learning and developing their human and social capital. Interviews were transcribed and coded using grounded theory approach. Findings – The findings describe how entrepreneurial careers as simultaneously shaped by three types of career capital: motivations (knowing-why), knowledge (knowing-how), and relationships (knowing-whom). It also illustrates the accumulation of career capital as a continuous cycle of interrelationships between these three types of capital. Research limitations/implications – In sum, the findings add to the knowledge on entrepreneurial careers and the role that the three types of capital play in venture formation and success. It also points to the importance of a more integrated view of these careers, embedded in a web of motivational, social, and human capital. Practical implications – The study’s findings suggest that entrepreneurs should paid equal attention and nurture each form of career capital throughout their careers. It also has implications for entrepreneurship programs as well career advisers to. Originality/value – Prior entrepreneurship research has examined aspects of entrepreneur’s career capital (e.g. intentions, social, and human capital) typically in isolation from one another and little is known about their reinforcing relationships in entrepreneurial careers. This study provides novel insights for understanding the three types of career capital and the importance of this more integrated view in entrepreneurship education and career counseling.

scholarly journals Understanding Bourdieu - Cultural Capital and Habitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Pierre Bourdieu ◽  
Economic Capital ◽  
Capital Social ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Initial Learning ◽  
The World ◽  
Specific Culture

This research paper aims at providing a brief and exemplified introduction of the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu’s two particularly important theoretical concepts: Cultural Capital and Habitus. Cultural capital, according to Bourdieu, is gained mainly through an individual’s initial learning, and is unconsciously influenced by the surroundings (Bourdieu, 2000). In the case of habitus, it relates to the resource of knowledge (Bourdieu 1990). Knowledge is about the way how people view and understand the world, which is gained via a specific culture that an individual lives in. While also showing how Bourdieu’s work on economic capital, social capital and cultural capital can help us to understand the contemporary world and its practices.

scholarly journals Scientific and educational vector of the social and human capital network component formation

2021 ◽  
Vol 311 ◽  
pp. 08012
Author(s):  
Olga Yarmak ◽  
Ekaterina Strashko ◽  
Mariya Bolshakova ◽  
Pavel Deryugin ◽  
Veronika Yarmak
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Network Connections ◽  
The Social ◽  
World Class ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
Network Component

The authors raise the problem of the scientific and educational vector of the formation of the network component of social and human capital in Russian regions. The development of the network component is becoming one of the policy directions for the formation of the region’s human capital through the creation of certain network centres. The emerging network connections of world-class scientific and educational centres in Russian regions are analyzed, which create conditions for transforming the existing human potential of the territory into the human and social capital of the country. Based on the definition of social capital by P. Bourdieu and M. Paldam as a group resource for obtaining social connections, the authors analyze the process of forming network connections between the educational, scientific environment of the region, its business community and government bodies at the sites of world-class scientific and educational centres operating in Russia, which is the basis for the formation of the social capital of the territory. The conclusions of the study are to determine the structure of ties in the scientific and educational vector of social and human capital through the functioning of network RECs, which become interregional coordination structures for the scientific and educational space of the country.

CONTRIBUTION OF EDUCATION TO SOCIAL CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Vojislav Ilić ◽  
Igor Novaković ◽  
Slobodan Cvetanović
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Human And Social Capital

During the last decade of the last century, the concept of capital in scientific literature has been significantly expanded. Namely, for decades, the belief that the category of capital includes only visible resources has been modified in terms of extending its comprehensiveness to intangible resources, such as human and social capital. Human capital encompasses knowledge, skills, competencies and characteristics embodied in the individual, which enable the creation of personal, social and economic well-being, while social capital represents the capital of cooperation, interaction, mutual trust and help. When it comes to education, the ability to acquire the necessary knowledge, skills and competences is crucial for the economic and social progress of individual countries. Unlike physical capital that is completely tangible, human and social capital are intangible. Recent approaches, as components of human capital, in addition to education and the level of health status of the population, outline the characteristics of people and societies that have an impact on the effects of work, including factors of ability, motivation and culture, etc. Some experts extend the content of human capital to individual characteristics of people such as creativity, innovation, motivation, attitudes (about life, business, etc.), diligence, responsibility, perseverance, self-initiative, communication success, problem solving, critical thinking, self-study, flexibility and adaptability. The paper considers the contribution of education as one of the basic and absolutely indisputable component of human capital to the development of social capital. It has come to the conclusion that countries with high education of the population tend to become richer and to invest more and more resources in the development of their own processing system. Therefore, in current business conditions in the process of creating human capital, the importance of activities focused on lifelong education and professional development is especially important. Both types of capital are developing in close interdependence. The increase in human capital corresponds significantly to the development of social capital. On the contrary, social capital represents an essential premise of increasing the efficiency of human capital. Moreover, there is not a small number of authors who regard certain attributes of social capital as human capital components. Considering the contribution of education as a component of human capital to the development of social capital, it can be concluded that education does so because it helps young people to recognize their duties as members of society, promote civil and social engagement of people and influence human behavior. Citizens with higher education have a high degree of civic and social engagement. The educated people are much more involved in their communities and take practical steps to improve the welfare of communities in which they live contributing, among other things, to the development of social capital.

Dynamics of Entrepreneurship Education

2018 ◽  
pp. 37-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michela Loi
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
University Course

Drawing upon an extracurricular university course on entrepreneurship, this work explores the dynamics among human and social capital and four learning outcomes: entrepreneurial intentions, perceived behavioral control, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and startup activities. Following a longitudinal perspective, the study examined those dynamics in a sample of 66 students. Findings reveal that the influence of human capital decreased by the end of the course, yet played a fundamental role in improving intention and startup activities at the beginning of the course. A different pattern emerged for social capital (e.g., having friends who work as entrepreneurs), which maintained its relevance in enhancing perceived behavioral control, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and startup activities after the course. Such results support the equalizer function of entrepreneurship education with respect to human capital, as well as underscore the paramount role of peers in sustaining the development of an entrepreneurial mindset.

Strategic Human Resource Management and Performance Management in Professional Service Firms

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juani Swart ◽  
Nina Katrin Hansen ◽  
Nicholas Kinnie
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Professional Service ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Service Firms ◽  
Professional Service Firms ◽  
Hrm Practices ◽  
Human And Social Capital

This chapter draws on previous research to consider how HRM practices are used to manage human and social capital to generate superior performance in professional service firms. Previous research indicates that PSFs rely on both human capital (knowledge and skills) and social capital (relationships inside and outside the PSF) to manage their performance outputs. In this context the authors review the existing research on strategic HRM practices in PSFs which is predominantly categorized into expertise- and efficiency-orientated HRM systems. They draw on their own research to outline two models of HRM practices which are used to manage human and social capital and discuss the link to innovation. The first of these emphasizes the protection of human capital and therefore has centripetal properties, whereas the second is more client-focused and therefore displays centrifugal properties. Finally, they consider the managerial challenges that these models present and point to avenues for future research.

scholarly journals Examining the impact of microfinance on microenterprise performance (implications for women-owned microenterprises in Indonesia)

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 962-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adwin Surja Atmadja ◽  
Jen-Je Su ◽  
Parmendra Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Group Leaders ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Loan Officers ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impacts of microfinance on women-owned microenterprises’ (WMEs) performance in Indonesia. It especially observes how financial, human and social capital influences performance of enterprises. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from a survey conducted in Surabaya, Indonesia’s second largest city, covering more than 100 WMEs. The ordered probit technique is applied to estimate the performance vis-à-vis financial, social and human capital relationships. Findings This study finds a negative relationship between performance and financial capital, and positive relationships between performance-human capital and performance-social capital. However, with respect to human capital, the level of education has a marginally significant relationship with performance. Practical implications Microcredit for the purposes of enhancing business performance might not necessarily be a good idea, if it is unable to generate higher returns. As a business develops, the volume of microcredit should be reduced, and replaced by owners’ own savings and retained profits. Regarding the non-financial factors, it might be useful for policy makers to contemplate providing incentives for spouse involvement in microenterprises run by women, and to consider them in designing credit policies. Group meetings activities should be extended to facilitate members to engage in business-related conversations and to develop social relationships. The ability of loan officers and group leaders to facilitate such conversations appears important. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study provides the first in-depth understanding of the role of microfinance programmes in the case of performance of WMEs in Indonesia, one of the world’s most populous economies.

scholarly journals THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN AND SOCIAL CAPITAL AS A FACTOR OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL SECURITY

2019 ◽  
pp. 208-215
Author(s):  
A. Pastukhov
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Institutional Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Human And Social Capital

The article is devoted to the development of the human capital and the social capital as factors of economic security and social security in the current socio-economic conditions in the context of globalization. It presents aspects of the knowledge management and the formation of university complexes as institutional conditions and social environment, ensuring the development of the human capital and the social capital.

A Study on the Effect of Culture and Human and Social Capital on Entrepreneurial Strategies in Family Businesses in Iran

2016 ◽  
pp. 153-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Moghaddam ◽  
Meir Russ
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Family Influence ◽  
Socioemotional Wealth ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Entrepreneurial Strategies ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
Gains And Losses

Family businesses are formed and often transferred to new generations in order to achieve both financial and non-financial desired performances. Socioemotional wealth, such as a family's desire to exercise authority, and enjoyment of family influence, is an important driver of non-financial desires. Family business owners take into account socioemotional gains or losses for the family when considering the relative risks and benefits of various strategic choices. Culture, human capital, and social capital are some of the variables that influence decisions regarding socioemotional gains and losses. Entrepreneurship is also favorable for any economy and the interconnectivity of family businesses and entrepreneurship is of a great importance. To study the effect of the mentioned variables we have studied family business in Iran, a family oriented country with a strong cultural consistency which in many cases influences businesses. This study aims to analyze how culture, human capital, and social capital affect the preservation and development of socioemotional wealth in families and how they affect the firm's performance.

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