scholarly journals Implant stability and marginal bone level of microgrooved zirconia dental implants: A 3-month experimental study on dogs

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 451-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Delgado-Ruíz ◽  
Aleksa Markovic ◽  
Luís Calvo-Guirado ◽  
Zoran Lazic ◽  
Adriano Piattelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Removal Torque ◽  
Group A ◽  
Bone Level ◽  
Group B ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
And Control

Background/Aim. The modification of implant surfaces could affect mechanical implant stability as well as dynamics and quality of peri-implant bone healing. The aim of this 3-month experimental study in dogs was to investigate implant stability, marginal bone levels and bone tissue response to zirconia dental implants with two laser-micro-grooved intraosseous surfaces in comparison with nongrooved sandblasted zirconia and sandblasted, high-temperature etched titanium implants. Methods. Implant surface characterization was performed using optical interferometric profilometry and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. A total of 96 implants (4 mm in diameter and 10 mm in length) were inserted randomly in both sides of the lower jaw of 12 Fox Hound dogs divided into groups of 24 each: the control (titanium), the group A (sandblasted zirconia), the group B (sandblasted zirconia plus microgrooved neck) and the group C (sandblasted zirconia plus all microgrooved). All the implants were immediately loaded. Insertion torque, periotest values, radiographic crestal bone level and removal torque were recorded during the 3-month follow-up. Qualitative scanning electon micro-scope (SEM) analysis of the bone-implant interfaces of each group was performed. Results. Insertion torque values were higher in the group C and control implants (p < 0.05). Perio-test values increased in all the periods in proportion to the ex-tent of microgrooving as follows: the group C > the control > the group B > the group A (p < 0.05). Radiographic measurements showed minimal crestal bone loss at 3 months for microgrooved zirconia implants (groups C and B) and control implants compared with the group A implants (p < 0.05). The removal torque values increased with time for all the groups as follows: the group C > the control > the group B > the group A (p < 0.05). SEM showed that implant surfaces of the groups B and C had an extra bone growth inside the microgrooves that corresponded to the shape and direction of the microgrooves. Conclusion. The addition of micro-grooves to the entire intraosseous surface of zirconia dental implants enhances primary and secondary implant stability, promotes bone tissue ingrowth and preserves crestal bone levels.

Immediate and Early Loading of Hydrothermally Treated, Hydroxyapatite-Coated Dental Implants: 2-Year Results from a Prospective Clinical Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Simmons ◽  
Archontia Palaiologou ◽  
Austin G. Teitelbaum ◽  
Susan Billiot ◽  
Lomesh J. Popat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tactile Feedback ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Early Loading ◽  
Group A ◽  
Bone Level ◽  
Group B ◽  
Plasma Sprayed

This investigation was undertaken to determine if multithreaded implants partially coated with plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite (HA) could be effectively loaded earlier than 3–6 months after placement. Forty-eight patients (22 men, 26 women) were enrolled in the study and received 48 implants. The population was divided into 2 groups: A implants (n = 23) were loaded immediately on the day of surgery and group B implants (n = 19) were loaded 3 weeks after surgery. Cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) scans were taken preoperatively to aid in treatment planning. Bone density was evaluated by tactile feedback during surgery. Insertion torque was recorded at time of implant placement. Resonance frequency analysis, performed on the day of surgery, at the time of loading, and at 6, 12, and 24 months, was used to record implant stability according to the unit's implant stability quotient (Osstell ISQ). Standardized radiographs were taken at time of implant placement and at 6, 12, and 24 months to measure crestal bone stability. Bone level changes were measured by software (Image J). Bone quality was judged as either type 1 (n = 1), 2 (n = 31), 3 (n = 15), or 4 (n = 1). There were no failures in the group A (survival = 100%, n = 23/23) and 1 failure in group B (survival = 94.7%, n = 18/19). After 2 years in function, cumulative mean radiographic bone loss was 0.75 ± 0.50mm (maxillae: 0.92 ± 0.49 mm, n = 14; mandibles: 0.67 ± 0.49 mm, n = 28). No differences in bone levels were noted between implants placed in previously augmented and nonaugmented sites, and there were no periodontal or soft tissue complications. After 2 years in function, implants partially coated with plasma-sprayed and hydrothermally treated HA were clinically predictable when restored in occlusion immediately after or within 3 weeks of implant placement.

scholarly journals Primary Stability of Dental Implants in Low-Density (10 and 20 pcf) Polyurethane Foam Blocks: Conical vs Cylindrical Implants

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Comuzzi ◽  
Margherita Tumedei ◽  
Ana Emilia Pontes ◽  
Adriano Piattelli ◽  
Giovanna Iezzi
Keyword(s):  
Primary Stability ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Background: The aim of the present study was to compare, in low-density polyurethane blocks, the primary implant stability values (micromobility) and removal torque values of three different implant geometries in two different bone densities representing the structure of the human posterior jaws. Methods: A total of 60 implants were used in the present investigation: twenty implants for each of three groups (group A, group B, and group C), in both polyurethane 10 pcf and 20 pcf densities. The insertion torque, pull-out torque, and implant stability quotient (ISQ) values were obtained. Results: No differences were found in the values of Group A and Group B implants. In both these groups, the insertion torques were quite low in the 10 pcf blocks. Better results were found in the 20 pcf blocks, which showed very good stability of the implants. The pull-out values were slightly lower than the insertion torque values. High ISQ values were found in Group A and B implants. Lower values were present in Group C implants. Conclusions: The present investigation evaluated implants with different geometries that are available on the market, and not experimental implants specifically created for the study. The authors aimed to simulate real clinical conditions (poor-density bone or immediate post-extraction implants) in which knowledge of dental implant features, which may be useful in increasing the primary stability, may help the oral surgeon during the surgery planning.

Assessment of the Correlation Between Insertion Torque and Resonance Frequency Analysis of Implants Placed in Bone Tissue of Different Densities

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Carlos Magno Filho ◽  
Fabiano Ribeiro Cirano ◽  
Fernando Hayashi ◽  
Hsu Shao Feng ◽  
Alexandre Conte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
T Test ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Type I ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The primary stability of dental implants is fundamental for osseointegration. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the correlation between insertion torque (IT) and resonance frequency analysis (RFA) of implants placed in mandibles and maxillas of different bone densities. Eighty dental implants were placed in maxillas and mandibles, and IT and the implant stability quotient (ISQ) were measured at the time of implant insertion. Bone density was assessed subjectively by the Lekholm and Zarb index. The type I and II densities were grouped together (group A)as were the type III and IV densities (group B). The IT in group A was higher (Student t test, P = .0013) than in group B (46.27 ± 18.51 Ncm, 33.62 ± 14.74 Ncm, respectively). The implants placed in group A showed higher ISQ (Student t test, P = .0004) than those placed in group B (70.09 ± 7.50, 63.66 ± 8.00, respectively). A significant correlation between IT and the ISQ value was observed for group A (Pearson correlation test; r = 0.35; P = .0213) and for group B (r = 0.37; P = .0224). Within the limitations of this study, it was possible to conclude that there is a correlation between IT and RFA of implants placed in mandibles and maxillas of different bone densities.

scholarly journals An In Vitro Analysis on Polyurethane Foam Blocks of the Insertion Torque (IT) Values, Removal Torque Values (RTVs), and Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA) Values in Tapered and Cylindrical Implants

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9238
Author(s):  
Luca Comuzzi ◽  
Margherita Tumedei ◽  
Camillo D’Arcangelo ◽  
Adriano Piattelli ◽  
Giovanna Iezzi
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Cortical Layer ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Removal Torque ◽  
Torque Values

Background: Several different dental implant microgeometries have been investigated in the literature for use in low-density bone sites. The polyurethane solid rigid blocks represent an optimal in vitro study model for dental implants, because their composition is characterized by symmetrical linear chains of monomers of hexa-methylene sequences producing a self-polymerization process. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the primary stability of cylindrical and tapered implants positioned into low-density polyurethane solid rigid blocks. Materials and Methods: Two different macrogeometries, cylindrical (4 mm diameter and 10 mm length) and tapered dental implants (4.20 mm diameter and 10 mm length), were investigated in the present study. The implants were inserted into 10 PCF and 20 PCF polyurethane blocks, with and without an additional cortical layer. The insertion torque (IT) values, the removal torque values (RTVs), and the resonance frequency analysis (RFA) values were measured and recorded. Results: A total of 80 sites were tested, and a significant increased primary stability (PS) was detected in favour of tapered dental implants when compared to cylindrical implants in all experimental conditions (p < 0.05). Higher IT, RT, and RFA values were measured in tapered implants in 10 and 20 PCF polyurethane blocks, both with and without the additional cortical layer. Conclusions: Both implants showed sufficient primary stability in poor density substrates, while, on the other hand, the tapered microgeometry showed characteristics that could also lead to clinical application in low-density posterior maxillary sites, even with a drastically decreased bone cortical component.

scholarly journals Implant Stability in the Posterior Maxilla: A Controlled Clinical Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Zita Gomes ◽  
Mario Ramalho de Vasconcelos ◽  
Isabel Maria Lopes Guerra ◽  
Rute Alexandra Borges de Almeida ◽  
Antonio Cabral de Campos Felino
Keyword(s):  
Primary Stability ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Native Bone ◽  
Posterior Maxilla ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Secondary Stability

Aim. To evaluate the primary and secondary stability of implants in the posterior maxilla. Methods. Patients were allocated into three groups: (A) native bone, (B) partially regenerated bone, and (C) nearly totally regenerated bone. Insertion torque (IT) and implant stability quotient (ISQ) were measured at placement, to evaluate whether satisfactory high primary stability (IT ≥ 45 N/cm; ISQ ≥ 60) was achieved; ISQ was measured 15, 30, 45, and 60 days after placement, to investigate the evolution to secondary stability. Results. 133 implants (Anyridge®, Megagen) were installed in 59 patients: 55 fixtures were placed in Group A, 57 in Group B, and 21 in Group C. Fifty-two implants had satisfactory high primary stability (IT ≥ 45 N/cm; ISQ ≥ 60). A positive correlation was found between all variables (IT, ISQ at t = 0, t = 60), and statistically higher IT and ISQ values were found for implants with satisfactory high primary stability. Significant differences were found for IT and ISQ between the groups (A, B, and C); however, no drops were reported in the median ISQ values during the healing period. Conclusions. The evaluation of the primary and secondary implant stability may contribute to higher implant survival/success rates in critical areas, such as the regenerated posterior maxilla. The present study is registered in the ISRCTN registry with ID ISRCTN33469250.

scholarly journals The Effect of Threads Geometry on Insertion Torque (IT) and Periotest Implant Primary Stability: A High-Density Polyurethane Simulation for the Anterior Mandible

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Stefano Fanali ◽  
Margherita Tumedei ◽  
Pamela Pignatelli ◽  
Morena Petrini ◽  
Adriano Piattelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Stability ◽  
High Density ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Implant Positioning ◽  
Thread Profile ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Anterior Mandible

The implant geometry provides a key role in the osseointegration process and is able to improve the mechanical interaction and primary stability into the bone tissue. The aim of the present investigation was to compare different implant profiles to evaluate their influence on the primary stability on high-density polyurethane block. Methods: A total of 100 implants were used on 20 pcf polyurethane density in the present investigation, i.e., 20 implants for each of 5 groups (A, B, C, D, and E), characterized by different thread pitch and geometry. The insertion torque (IT), and Periotest mean values were recorded during the implant positioning. Results: Mean values for insertion torque values were higher for the group C and group E implant profiles when compared to all other groups (p < 0.01). No significant differences were detected between these two groups (p < 0.05). Lower IT (<20 Ncm2) were presented by groups A, B, and D (p < 0.05). All groups showed negative Periotest values. Group C implants showed the lowest level of Periotest values (p < 0.05). No significant Periotest differences were found between group B and group D and between group A and group E (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Implants with a wider and V-thread profile and a round apex showed a higher stability in a standardized polyurethane foam. Their use could be suggested in high-density bone in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Impact of the 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol Concentration and Vitamin D Deficiency Treatment on Changes in the Bone Level at the Implant Site during the Process of Osseointegration: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 526
Author(s):  
Jakub Kwiatek ◽  
Aleksandra Jaroń ◽  
Grzegorz Trybek
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Group A ◽  
Bone Level ◽  
Group B ◽  
Implant Treatment ◽  
Correct Level ◽  
25 Hydroxycholecalciferol

Introduction: The most important factor which is responsible for the positive course of implant treatment is the process of osseointegration between the implant structure and the host’s bone tissue. The aim of this study was to assess what effect the 25-hydroxycholecalciferol concentration and vitamin D deficiency treatment have on changes in the bone level at the implant site during the process of osseointegration in the mandible. Materials and Methods: The study was with 122 people qualified for implant surgery, who were assigned to three research groups (A, B, and C). Laboratory, clinical, and radiological tests were performed on the day of surgery, and after 6 and 12 weeks. The bone level in the immediate proximity of the implant was determined by radiovisiography (RVG). Results: The bone level after 12 weeks in Groups B and C was significantly higher than after 6 weeks. The bone level in the study Group B was significantly higher than in Group A. The study showed that the higher the levels of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol were observed on the day of surgery, the higher was the level of bone surrounding the implant after 6 and 12 after surgery. Conclusion: The correct level of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on the day of surgery and vitamin D deficiency treatment significantly increase the bone level at the implant site in the process of radiologically assessed osseointegration.

scholarly journals The Bone Buttress Theory: The Effect of the Mechanical Loading of Bone on the Osseointegration of Dental Implants

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
David Chavarri-Prado ◽  
Aritza Brizuela-Velasco ◽  
Ángel Álvarez-Arenal ◽  
Markel Dieguez-Pereira ◽  
Esteban Pérez-Pevida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Bone To Implant Contact ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Group B

Objectives: To determine the effect of mechanical loading of bone on the stability and histomorphometric variables of the osseointegration of dental implants using an experimental test in an animal model. Materials and Methods: A total of 4 human implants were placed in both tibiae of 10 New Zealand rabbits (n = 40). A 6-week osseointegration was considered, and the rabbits were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A (Test group) included 5 rabbits that ran on a treadmill for 20 min daily during the osseointegration period; Group B (Controls) included the other 5 that were housed conventionally. The monitored variables were related to the primary and secondary stability of the dental implants (implant stability quotient—ISQ), vertical bone growth, bone to implant contact (BIC), area of regenerated bone and the percentage of immature matrix. Results: The results of the study show a greater vertical bone growth (Group A 1.26 ± 0.48 mm, Group B 0.32 ± 0.47 mm, p < 0.001), higher ISQ values (Group A 11.25 ± 6.10 ISQ, 15.73%; Group B 5.80 ± 5.97 ISQ, 7.99%, p = 0.006) and a higher BIC (Group A 19.37%, Group B 23.60%, p = 0.0058) for implants in the test group, with statistically significant differences. A higher percentage of immature bone matrix was observed for implants in the control group (20.68 ± 9.53) than those in the test group (15.38 ± 8.84) (p = 0.108). A larger area of regenerated bone was also observed for the test implants (Group A 280.50 ± 125.40 mm2, Group B 228.00 ± 141.40 mm2), but it was not statistically significant (p = 0.121). Conclusions: The mechanical loading of bone improves the stability and the histomorphometric variables of the osseointegration of dental implants.

scholarly journals Does the manual insertion torque of smartpegs affect the outcome of implant stability quotients (ISQ) during resonance frequency analysis (RFA)?

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Kästel ◽  
Giles de Quincey ◽  
Jörg Neugebauer ◽  
Robert Sader ◽  
Peter Gehrke
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Finger Pressure

Abstract Background There is disagreement about the optimal torque for tightening smartpegs for resonance frequency analysis (RFA). Subjective finger pressure during hand tightening could affect the reliability of the resulting values. The aim of the current study was therefore to assess whether or not the insertion torque of a smartpeg magnetic device influences the implant stability quotient (ISQ) value during RFA. Methods Thirty self-tapping screw implants (XiVE S, Dentsply Sirona Implants, Bensheim, Germany) with a diameter of 3.8 mm and a length of 11 mm were inserted in three cow ribs with a bone quality of D1. The RFA value of each implant was measured (Ostell, FA W&H Dentalwerk, Bürmoos, Austria) in two orthogonal directions (mesial and buccal) after tightening the corresponding smartpeg type 45 with a mechanically defined value of 5 Ncm (Meg Torq device, Megagen, Daegu, South Korea) (test). Additionally, 4 different examiners measured the RFA after hand tightening the smartpegs, and the results were compared (control). Insertion torque values were determined by measuring the unscrew torque of hand seated smartpegs (Tohnichi Manufacturing Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan). Results The ISQ values varied from 2 to 11 Ncm by hand tightening and from 2 to 6 Ncm by machine tightening. The comparison of hand and machine tightening of smartpegs displayed only minor differences in the mean ISQ values with low standard deviations (mesial 79.76 ± 2,11, buccal 77.98 ± 2,) and no statistical difference (mesial p = 0,343 and buccal p = 0,890). Conclusions Manual tightening of smartpeg transducers allows for an objective and reliable determination of ISQ values during RFA.

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