scholarly journals The identity of an underachiever student as an outcome of social relations

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikoleta Milosevic
Keyword(s):  
School Performance ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Behavioral Experiments ◽  
Performance Factors ◽  
Role Relationship ◽  
Student Views

The paper deals with various performance factors in underachiever students primarily juvenile delinquents who reported declining levels of achievement throughout the duration of corrective out-of-institution measures. This raises the question: Why is there a decline in school achievement of juvenile delinquents during the treatment which is essentially aimed at improving school performance. What causes this? In the search for an answer we considered various approaches for the determination of the identity of a juvenile delinquent, underaching at school. The author takes issue with traditional views on identity and changes the focus from an individual over to the interaction between an individual and society. It is argued that poor school performance should be placed in the context of social relations; the author suggests that problems faced by underachievers at school only accidentally stem from what they can or cannot do, rather, the root of the problem lies in the manner other people relate to them. It is necessary that a teacher should realize that students are social beings in behavioral experiments who have individualities and that their personal characteristics stem from their relations with other people. A teacher is expected to attempt to construct the manner in which a student views himself and the world around himself, that is, to enter a "role relationship" with him.

Nonintellective Components in the School Performance of Juvenile Delinquents

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1185-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monroe M. Lefkowitz
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
School Performance ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
Components Of Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between nonintellective components of behavior and academic achievement was examined for a sample of institutionalized juvenile delinquents. Impulsivity was negatively related to school achievement. Modification of the psychomotor behavior in question was suggested.

scholarly journals The Contribution of Individual Psychological Features to the Determination of the Phenomenon of Work Alienation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Leonid V. Vinokurov ◽  
Anastasiia A. Kozhina
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Work Alienation ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
Psychological Features ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Using the questionnaire method on a sample of 92 Russian-speaking employees of the “person-person” professions type, the relationship of work alienation with personal characteristics was investigated. It was found that work alienation has associations with some personality traits. Also, the satisfaction of basic psychological needs at work is a significant predictor of work alienation. The study proved that work alienation is a relatively flexible construct for changes in the workplace that relate to autonomy, competence, and social relations. The results of the research can be used as an empirical justification of the model of the phenomenon as well as in the development of a differentiated approach to the prevention and intervention of work alienation, depending on the personality characteristics of employees.

scholarly journals A társadalmi struktúra meghatározottsága és funkciói

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-157
Author(s):  
Zoltán Farkas
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
The Social ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Categorical Structure ◽  
The Way

In the first part of the paper I deal with the determination of social structure. On the one hand, I point out the major determining factors of social structure, based on the way I analyzed the determining factors of social relations and the mechanism creating social relations in the theory of institutional sociology. On the other hand, I deal with the issue that social structure, as interpreted by the various structural or categorical structure conceptions, is closely related to the social structure in my conception. In the second part of the paper, I discuss the functions or consequences of social structure. In my view, it is the sphere of social life, and within this, the sphere of everyday social life within which the social structure directly and tightly determines the most signifi cant features of phenomena, of social phenomena in a narrower sense. However, through the determination of social status-stratifi cation, in the longer run through that of subcultures and milieus and the individual’s certain personal characteristics, social structure, with some probability, determines indirectly the way of life of individuals in the spheres of private and community life also.

scholarly journals LARANGAN PERNIKAHAN BEDA AGAMA DALAM PERSPEKTIF SYAD ZARI’AH IMAM AL-SYATIBI

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zainuddin Sunarto
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Application Form ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Race And Class ◽  
The Road

Social relations in modern times is now very universal, without limitation of religion, race, and class, then it allows two people of different religions into love, affection, and was about to enter into marriage. On the other hand, freedom of religion in Indonesia is guaranteed in the Constitution and protected in points on human rights. In Islamic law known several methods in the determination of a law one of which is Syad Zari’ah, is defined as preventive measures to avoid the ugliness. Imam al-Syatibi, One philosopher of Islamic law has its own ideas about these methods. In Usul al-Fiqh Study, Syad Zari’ah interpreted as closing the road that leads to destruction. Imam al-Syatibi at defining about Syad Zari’ah “do a job which all contain kindness changed to an ugliness”. someone doing a job that basically allowed because it contains a kindness, but the objectives to be achieved end on an ugliness. haram law in this case not because of his own actions, but the law forbidden here because the objectives to be achieved from such actions. this is called the practice of Syad Zari’ah. This method is deemed the application form from the rules of fiqh “dar’u al-mafasid muqaddamun ‘ala jalbi al-masalih”. From the other side, haram law here is also based of maqasid syari’ah in keeping religion in order to avoid switching to another religion

Dynamic Testing: Measuring Inductive Reasoning in Children With Developmental Disabilities and Mild Cognitive Impairments

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilma C. M. Resing ◽  
Claire E. Stevenson ◽  
Tirza Bosma
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
School Performance ◽  
Dynamic Testing ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
Inductive Reasoning ◽  
Dynamic Test ◽  
Teacher Ratings ◽  
Iq Scores ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Graduated Prompts

The main aim of this study was to evaluate the use of dynamic testing based on a graduated prompts techniques training in a clinical educational setting. We examined the question of whether it would be possible to administer a four session dynamic test to a specific group of children with complex behavioral and psychiatric problems, developmental disabilities, and often very weak school performance. We further examined whether children would show different change patterns in their use of solving strategies when presented with a figural analogies task, and we explored the relationship between existing intelligence measures, school achievement measures, and dynamic testing outcomes. Data revealed that the children with these complex problems were able to solve figural analogies and progressed in their accuracy in solving the task after training. We also found that trained children employed more sophisticated problem solving after graduated prompts training, and individual differences in progression paths from pretest to posttest were apparent. Furthermore, we were able to identify groups of children differing in the number and type of instructions needed during training. IQ scores and teacher ratings of school performance were highly correlated, although IQ scores were not related to objectively measured school achievement scores. Dynamic test scores revealed lower correlations with teacher ratings of school performance but were the best predictors of school achievement. It was concluded that dynamic test measures gave the best indication of the children’s scholastic achievement and their potential for learning.

School Achievement, Intelligence, and Personality in Twins

1975 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.T. Telles da Silva ◽  
M.R.L. Borges Osorio ◽  
F.M. Salzano
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
General Intelligence ◽  
Abstract Reasoning ◽  
Aptitude Tests ◽  
Genetic Determination ◽  
General Average ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

A sample of 47 MZ and 49 DZ pairs of Brazilian twins was investigated in relation to school achievement in six specific areas of study, as well as performance in the test of Dominoes, the Differential Aptitude Tests (DAT) and Griéger's Characterological Questionnaire. Significant F-ratios (variance within DZ/variance within MZ) were observed for the school grades obtained in five of the six areas considered, as well as for their general average; the same being true for the results on the indicated measure of general intelligence, six of the eight DAT tests, and two of the characterological elements. There is a clear positive relationship between the grades earned by the twins and their performance in the Dominoes test. Achievement in Portuguese and foreign language correlates positively with DAT's Sentences; and achievement in mathematics correlates positively with DAT's Numerical Ability, Abstract Reasoning, and Clerical Speed and Accuracy. The results show an agreement with previous estimates of the genetic determination of these variables, which is to a certain extent surprising if we consider the differences in sample sizes, age, and degree of schooling of the subjects, environmental differences, and the dissimilarities which exist between the homes and school systems of USA, Europe, and Brazil.

An Evaluation Scale of Family Environment for Identification of Children at Risk of School Failure

2005 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edna Maria Marturano ◽  
Marlene De Cássia Trivellato Ferreira ◽  
Keiko Mali Garcia D'Avila Bacarji
Keyword(s):  
School Performance ◽  
Home Environment ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Academic Outcome ◽  
Poor School Performance ◽  
Validity Studies ◽  
Families With Children ◽  
Poor School

This study describes the development of the Home Environment Resources Scale, a Brazilian measure for families with children ages 6 to 12 years. The scale measures aspects of support for school achievement, made available to the child at home. A first version of the measure with 11 subscales was administered to 100 mothers or guardians of children with poor school achievement in a clinical setting. Analysis of the items in the first version resulted in a final version comprising 8 subscales with acceptable indices of internal consistency. Two validity studies were conducted. One aimed at verifying to what extent the Home Environment Resources Scale could discriminate the home environment of students referred to a mental health clinic on account of poor school performance. The sample included mothers of 53 referred and 23 nonreferred children. The two groups differed significantly in home resources and on four subscales. The other study assessed the validity, i.e., prediction of the academic outcome of children entering Grade 1. 70 children and their mothers participated. Results indicate that school achievement and social competence at school are mediated by family support.

scholarly journals Political Variables as Instruments for the Minimum Wage

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Lemos
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Minimum Wages ◽  
Weak Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Political Variables

Abstract A number of recent empirical studies have found no evidence that the minimum wage adversely affects employment. Explanations for such non-negative estimates include new theoretical approaches, empirical identification and data issues. In this paper we examine the robustness of such estimates to concerns about bias arising from the simultaneous determination of employment and the minimum wage. We use a number of novel political variables as instruments to control for this source of endogeneity. We exploit the personal characteristics of the politicians voting on minimum wage bills, their voting behavior and their electoral process. Our main conclusion is that the weak relationship between minimum wages and employment does not appear to be driven by endogeneity.

scholarly journals RELASI SOSIAL DALAM PENGELOLAAN LAHAN REHABILITASI TAMAN NASIONAL MERU BETIRI (Studi Kasus Desa Wonoasri Kecamatan Tempurejo Kabupaten Jember)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Zulfidda Lillah ◽  
Diah Puspaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
National Park ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Communal Relations ◽  
Management Of Rehabilitation ◽  
Forest Rehabilitation

Forest rehabilitation in Meru Betiri National Park is the main point in environmental sustainability. Forest land rehabilitation activities include breeding ecosystems for security in the forest. The method of determining the research area is done intentionally (purposive method) and the research method uses a qualitative approach. Determination of informants is done by snowball sampling method. The data collection method was carried out by observation, interview and document study and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman analysis method. The results showed that social relations that occur in the management of rehabilitation have 2 forms of domains, namely 1) interpersonal domains that can be seen with communal relations, collegial relations and hirearkis relations. Judging from its power relations are divided into symmetrical and asymmetrical relationships. Symmetrical relationship occurs between rehab land farmers where rehab land farmers have an equal position can be seen from daily relationships and friendly relations in managing rehabilitation land. Asymmetrical relationship that occurs in the rehabilitation of land management occurs between the TNMB and farmers of the rehabilitation land where the TNMB party has the highest authority in the management of rehabilitation land. Keywords : Social Relation, Rehabilitation land, Meru Betiri National Park

scholarly journals On the relevant questions of usage of information technologies for preventive purposes in oversight activity of the executive branch of government

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Nikolaevna Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Close Integration

The subject of this research is the legal norms regulating the usage of digital technologies in oversight activity of the executive branch of government, as well as law enforcement practice of utilization of digital technologies for preventive purposes in oversight activity of the executive branch of government. The object of this research is the social relations establishing in the process of digitalization of the prevention of violations of mandatory requirements. The author examines such aspects as usage of artificial intelligence in prevention of violations of mandatory requirements, as well as analyzes the implementation of “digital control” preventive purposes of oversight activity of the executive branch of government. The main conclusions of the conducted research consists in determination of positive experience from implementation of digital technologies for preventing violations of mandatory requirements, as well as in proposal of the new ways of using digital technologies for improving the effectiveness of implementation of preventive vector of oversight activity. The author also revealed a number of problems that may arise in case of close integration of digital technologies into preventive vector of oversight activity. The novelty consists in the fact that this article is first to explore the question of digitalization of prevention of violations of mandatory requirements, analyze the prospects of usage of digital technologies, as well as outline the “problematic” aspects of the phenomenon under consideration.

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