Identificational Assimilation of Japanese Americans: A Reassessment of Primordialism and Circumstantialism

1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisako Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Japanese Americans ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Generational Shift ◽  
Successive Generations

Using both quantitative and qualitative data collected in Portland, Oregon during 1989, this study tests two contradictory models of ethnic identity: primordialism and circumstantialism. Two questions are addressed: 1) does the third generation of Japanese Americans retain ethnic identity or has the group achieved complete identificational assimilation?; and 2) what factors impacted the group's identificational assimilation? The study suggests that there is attenuation of ethnic identity between successive generations. However, multivariate analyses indicate that the seemingly different ethnic identity of the second and third generations does not necessarily evidence the significance of generation in the identificational assimilation. Childhood and adult social networks are found to have the greatest effect on ethnic identity. This study also found that generational shift does not lead to identificational assimilation if and when successive generations are placed in the same circumstances.

Thrown into the world: The shift between pavlova and pasta in the ethnic identity of Australians originating from Italy

2019 ◽  
pp. 144078331988828
Author(s):  
Simone Marino
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Existential Theory ◽  
The World ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Phenomenological Perception

Forty-one years on from Huber’s study exploring the assimilation of Italian-Australians, an increasing trend towards ethnic revival can be observed among the third generation of immigrants. Drawing on a case study of a family originating from Calabria in the 1950s and now living in Adelaide, South Australia, I find a widespread intergenerational identification of ethnicity as ‘being Italian’, which has different meanings across the three generations, depending on the individual’s phenomenological perception of being thrown into the world. A pivotal role in this shift of ethnic identity is played by what I refer to as institutional positionality, the individuals’ perceptions of the position of their ethnic ‘being in the world’. By merging sociology of migration, including the Bourdieusian conceptual apparatus of capital, with Heidegger’s existential theory, a reflexive framework is developed that takes into account the relevance of ontology in the field of migration.

A Third-Generation Perspective on German-Polish Flight and Expulsion: Discursive and Spatial Practices in Sabrina Janesch's novel Katzenberge (2010)

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Theory ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Spatial Practices ◽  
The Third ◽  
Static View ◽  
Generational Shift ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Over Time ◽  
National Borders

This article analyzes Sabrina Janesch's 2010 novel Katzenberge through the lenses of Heimat and spatial theory. Katzenberge, which is told from the perspective of the third generation (i.e., grandchild) of expellees, narrates the story of Polish flight out of the Polish-Ukrainian border region of Galicia into the German-Polish border region of Silesia. I argue that Katzenberge chronicles a generational shift in relationships to the verlorene (lost) Heimat from the expellee generation's static view (Heimat as the physical territory itself) to the third generation's more fluid conceptions (Heimat as memories, stories). The purpose of this article is to illustrate changing ways of engaging with the verlorene Heimat over time and particularly to show the role that literature plays in facilitating and explaining these changes while also opening up new avenues of understanding both across generations and across German-Polish national borders.

scholarly journals Budaya Menghafal Al-Qur’ān: Studi Living Qur’ān Masyarakat Benda Brebes Jawa Tengah

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Agus Irfan
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Qualitative Nature ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

<p>One of the phenomena of “Living Qur’ān” found in Benda, Central Java is the tradition of memorizing the Qur’ān. This paper presents an elaboration of the question “how the contextualization step for the taḥfīẓ al-Qur’ān education as a solution for taḥfīẓ al-Qur’ān exist in Benda Bumiayu Brebes? As formulated in three Sub Question: 1. How the taḥfīẓ al-Qur’ān culture for Benda society can be construct as long time exist? 2. What factors that supported the taḥfīẓ al-Qur’ān culture exist ? 3. What factors that reduced the taḥfīẓ al-Qur’ān culture exist?</p><p>This research is a descriptive qualitative nature, employing historical and sosiological approaches. The qualitative data are obtained through observation, interview and documentation. The data collected are then selected and arranged in a sequence with argumentative presentation.</p><p>The result of this research reveal that Benda village is good known by <em>Dā al- Qur’ān,</em> because he has more than 7 (seven) Islamic Boarding School for memorizing Qur’ān. This village used to create memorizing Qur’ān culture for the society and arround him. This culture is effected by KH. Khalīl Ibn Maḥallī dan KH. Suḥaimi Ibn Abdul Ghānī, and in the second generation he has great memorizing culture. But in the third generation he gets bad value that less. As  observation data, a writter has seen some fundamen factors which influence reducing the taḥfiẓ al-Qur’ān culture in that village. So that needed the contextualization of taḥfīẓ al- Qur’ān education that switable with modernity.<em></em></p>

scholarly journals ANTARA ZAINICHI DAN PACHINKO: REPRESENTASI ZAINICHI KOREA DALAM NOVEL PACHINKO KARYA MIN JIN LEE

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Febriani Elfida Trihtarani ◽  
M. Mahbubdin Ridha al Fasya ◽  
Nurussofa Yusticia ◽  
Nining Setyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Social Status ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Japanese Society ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Slum Area ◽  
Japanese People ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Status ◽  
Opposite Tendency

Penelitian ini membahas representasi zainichi Korea dalam novel Pachinko karya Min Jin Lee. Terdapat beberapa kategori dari zainichi Korea dalam masyarakat Jepang, yaitu pluralis, nasionalis, individualis, dan asimilasionis. Generasi pertama dalam novel ini mendapatkan perlakuan tidak setara akibat etnis mereka yang menyebabkan mereka harus hidup di kawasan kumuh. Generasi kedua direpresentasikan oleh dua tokoh yang saling berkebalikan. Tokoh Noa memiliki keinginan untuk menjadi seorang “Jepang” yang pada akhirnya memilih jalan naturalisasi. Melalui jalan naturalisasi tokoh ini dapat dianggap sebagai seorang asimilasionis yang meninggalkan identitas etnisnya dan hidup sebagai seorang warga Jepang untuk mendapatkan status sosial yang setara. Tokoh Mozasu memiliki kecenderungan berkebalikan dengan Noa karena ia tidak memilih jalan naturalisasi dan tetap mempertahankan identitas aslinya sebagai orang Korea. Generasi ketiga masih mendapat ketidakpastian identitas meskipun mereka lahir dan besar di Jepang. Dengan pendidikan yang Solomon dapatkan, ia masih tetap dipandang sebelah mata dan masih dianggap tidak berada di posisi yang setara dengan orang Jepang. Bisnis pachinko yang selalu diasosiasikan dengan pendatang Korea adalah bisnis, yang ditekuni oleh masing-masing tokoh generasi kedua bahkan ketiga, menunjukkan bahwa status zainichi Korea tidak akan semudah itu berubah dan mereka akan tetap berada dalam posisi marjinal yang dipandang sebelah mata. Kata kunci: pachinko, zainichi, krisis identitas, Korea, Jepang This study discusses the representation of Korean zainichi in Pachinko novel by Min Jin Lee. There are several categories of Korean zainichi amongst Japanese society, which are pluralist, nationalist, individualist, and assimilationist. The first generation in this novel is treated unfairly because of their ethnicity which makes them live in slum area. The second generation is represented by two contradictive characters. The first character, Noa, wants to be Japanese, which leads him to choose the path of naturalization. Through naturalization, this character is regarded as an assimilationist who ignores his ethnic identity and lives as a Japanese citizen to obtain equal social status. Meanwhile, the second character, Mozasu has the opposite tendency of Noa’s. He does not choose the path of naturalization and tends to maintain his true identity as a Korean. The third generation is left uncertain about their identity, although they were born and grow up in Japan. With his background education, Solomon as a third-generation is still underestimated and considered unequal to Japanese people. The pachinko business, which is always being associated with Korean migrants, is a business occupied by each of the second and third generation characters, showing that the status of Korean zainichi will not change easily, and they will remain in marginal position and being underestimated. Keywords: pachinko, zainichi, identitiy crisis, Korea, Japan 

Assimilation and Loss of Ethnic Heritage among Third-Generation Japanese Americans

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeyuki Tsuda
Keyword(s):  
Asian American ◽  
Japanese Culture ◽  
Japanese Americans ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
The Third ◽  
White Middle Class ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Socioeconomic Success ◽  
American Society ◽  
The 1960S

This chapter focuses on the third-generation sansei, who have followed the assimilative trajectory of their prewar nisei parents. Raised in white, middle-class suburbs, they are well integrated into mainstream American society and have experienced a considerable degree of socioeconomic success. Compared to the other generations, they have generally lost their ancestral heritage and have the least interest in developing transnational ties with Japan. However, they experienced the ethnic activism of the Asian American movement in the 1960s and 1970s, the gradual turn toward multiculturalism, and the emergence of Japan as a respected global economic power. As a result, the sansei claim to have inherited aspects of the ancestral Japanese culture and express greater pride in their ethnic identities as Japanese Americans than the prewar nisei.

EFFECT OF CONTINUOUS LOW-LEVEL GAMMA-IRRADIATION ON SUCCESSIVE GENERATIONS OF DAHLBOMINUS FUSCIPENNIS (ZETT.) (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE)

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Riordan
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Control Population ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sixth Generation ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Seven Generations

D. fuscipennis were reared under continuous gamma-radiation at 10, 5, and 2.5 r/hr. At 10 r/hr the population failed to reach the third generation. After two generations at 5 r/hr the population was reduced in numbers to 20% or less of the control population, hut managed to survive for the seven generations through which the experiments were continued. At 2.5 r/hr the numbers in the first five generations were reduced below those of the controls, but had completely recovered by the sixth generation.

scholarly journals Measuring /s/ variation among younger generations in a migrant settlement in Lima, Peru

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol A. Klee ◽  
Brandon M. A. Rogers ◽  
Rocío Caravedo ◽  
Lindsey Dietz
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Categorical Data ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Andean Spanish ◽  
The Third ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
Generation Family

Abstract This study analyzes the pronunciation of /s/ in the Spanish of young adults in a newer migrant settlement in metropolitan Lima, Peru. The participants have parents and/or grandparents who migrated to Lima primarily from the Andean provinces, where the sibilant pronunciation of /s/ prevails. The study examines a variety of social factors, including migrant generation, family origin, gender, education, occupation, and social networks to determine the factors that correlate with /s/ weakening, which is more prevalent in Classic Limeño Spanish than in Andean Spanish (Caravedo 1990; Hundley 1983; Klee and Caravedo 2006). A proportional-odds mixed effects model was used to treat the repeated measurement categorical data on a continuum of acoustical variation ([s]>[h]>Ø) and the advantages of this model are explained. Results indicate that an important social predictor of /s/ variation is migrant generation: there is a progressive weakening in /s/ with each subsequent migrant generation. In addition to the generational effect, higher levels of education correlate with less /s/ weakening. Two variables were more weakly correlated with /s/ pronunciation: gender and social networks. Overall, the results indicate that young adults in this community, especially those of the third-generation, seem to be assimilating to some degree to coastal norms of /s/ weakening, although there is also a possibility that they may be forming their own norm.

scholarly journals Turning Japanese, Turning Japanese American

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Dong
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Japanese Americans ◽  
Japanese American ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
White American ◽  
The World ◽  
One Year

This article examines the identity of the Sansei (third-generation Japanese Americans) as connected to their place of heritage - Japan. Focusing on David Mura's Turning Japanese: Memoirs of a Sansei (1991), we shall explore how a Sansei writer gains further understanding and realization of his ethnic identity as a Japanese American in multi-ethnic America through the re-established connection between him and his place of cultural origin. Mura, born and raised in Midwest, recollects his experience in Japan supported by a US/Japan Creative Artist Exchange Fellowship in 1984. Mura's book ends with his realization that Japan allows him to see himself, America, and the world "from a perspective that was not white American." My argument considers his procedure of "turning Japanese" as simultaneously a process of turning Japanese American. Along the thesis of the Sansei's identity construction, the following questions will be addressed: (1) starting his trip as a self-identified American, how is Mura challenged and therefore forced to reconsider his identity during his one-year residence in Japan; (2) how does he pursue his connection with Japan that has been absent in his childhood; and (3) how does such reconnection profoundly influence his understanding of identity; namely to change his self-identification from an American to a Japanese American?

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-39
Author(s):  
Edward Telles ◽  
Christina A. Sue
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Multiple Generations ◽  
The Third ◽  
Group Variation

Mexican Americans are unique in the panoply of American ethnoracial groups in that they are the descendants of the largest and longest lasting immigration stream in U.S. history. Today, there are approximately 24 million U.S.-born Mexican Americans, many of whom are multiple generations removed from their immigrant ancestors. Contrary to traditional assimilation theories, which predict that ethnicity and ethnic distinctions will disappear by the third generation, Mexican Americans exhibit a persistent and durable ethnicity with regard to their ethnic identity, culture, and networks. However, there is much heterogeneity within the population which ranges on a continuum from symbolic ethnicity to consequential ethnicity. We argue that one of the reasons for the group-level durability and the within-group variation is due to the existence of a strong ethnic core, the importance of which has been overlooked in previous assimilation theories.

The Main Results of the Excavations at Olbia in the Past Three Decades

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. KRYZHITSKIY
Keyword(s):  
Archaic Period ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
The City ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Made In

In the 1790s, the location of Olbia was established, and since 1901 systematic excavations have been made by three successive generations of scholars. The first of these scholars was Pharmakovskiy and his school in 1901–1926. The second scholars to make excavations in Olbia were under the leadership of Slavin, Levi and Karasev. The third generation who took over the excavations from 1972 was headed by Kryzhitskiy from 1972–1995 and Krapivina from 1995. This chapter focuses on the contributions made by the third generation of scholars that made excavations in the Olbia region. The excavations made in this period were governed by three aims: the study of the historico-archaelogical stratigraphy and topography of cultural levels in the various parts of the city including the underwater area beneath the Bug estuary; an emphasis on the least-studied phases of the city's existence, particularly the cultural levels of the archaic period and the early centuries AD; and the rescue and conservation of the coastal portion of the city. The excavations generated important results such as the discovery of the temenos wall, altars, the temple of Apollo Ietros, Hellenistic period citadels and dwellings, and defensive walls belonging to the fifth century. In addition to these excavations and discoveries, the teams headed by Kryzhitskiy and Krapivina made extensive studies on the lower Bug estuary and Olbia's chora.

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